Abashoramari bagomba kwirinda isoko rya Bond, banditse mu ibaruwa ngarukamwaka kubanyamigabane Warren Buffett. Umuyobozi mukuru w'imyaka 90 ya Berkshire Hathaway yagize ati: "Abashoramari ku masoko y'ibikoresho bishingiye ku isi hose, bafite amafaranga ya pansiyo, ibigo by'ubwishingizi cyangwa abakirisitu bategereje ejo hazaza." - Abitabiriye isoko, haba ku mpamvu zishinzwe kugenzura no mubitekerezo by'inguzanyo, bagomba kwita cyane kuri bonds. Ariko isoko ryabagutera ntabwo ariho ukeneye kuba uyu munsi. "
Nyuma y'inama ngarukamwaka y'Abanyamigabane Berkshire Hathaway mu ntangiriro za Gicurasi 2020, Guru guru ishoramari igihe icyorezo cyateganijwe mbere ntabwo yatangarije. Mu ibaruwa ye ngarukamwaka, iherekeza itangazo rya raporo y'umwaka w'ikigo, yagize icyo avuga ku bihe biri mu masoko y'ababyeyi, yabwiye igitekerezo cye mu bukungu bw'Abanyamerika kandi yasobanuye, kuki Berkshire Hathaway yakoresheje hafi miliyari 25 z'amadolari yo gucungurwa imigabane yabo umwaka ushize.
Inyungu zububiko bwa leta bwibihugu byateye imbere byiyongereye cyane mwicyumweru gishize kubera kugurisha cyane, bireba abitabiriye amasoko yisi. Umusaruro w'imari y'imari y'imyaka 10 ya Amerika, mu ntangiriro z'umwaka ni 0.9%, mu mpera z'iki cyumweru yazamutse kuri 1.415%. Abashoramari bava mubikoresho byiza, bategereje kwihutisha iterambere ryubukungu. Ibyiringiro bijyanye no kuvugurura ubukungu ku isi nako byarakaje ibyifuzo byo kwihutisha ifaranga no gusubirwamo na politiki y'amafaranga ya Ultrantus muri banki nkuru.
Abashoramari benshi bava muri leta bayisimbuza mubyuma byabo bishobora guteza akaga. Ati: "Bamwe mu bishingizi, kimwe n'abandi bashoramari mu bubiko, barashobora kugerageza gukanda byibuze ikintu cyinjiza adafite agaciro ubu kiri ku isoko, guhindura amafaranga mu nshingano z'abahawe inguzanyo zidashidikanywaho. Buffett yariburiyeho ko ariko, inguzanyo ishobora guteza akaga ntabwo ari igisubizo cyo ku giti cye inyungu zidahagije. " Umushoramari yibutse ati: "Imyaka mirongo itatu ishize, amashyirahamwe atatu amaze kuzigama inguzanyo azigamye yiyongera ku rupfu, harimo kubera ko yirengagije iyi mico."
Ikibazo cy'amashyirahamwe yo kuzigama inguzanyo ↓
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Kubera guhagarara mu myaka ya za 70. no kurera umuyobozi wa Fed wa Fed mu ntangiriro ya za 1980. Igipimo cyo kubitsa mu mashyirahamwe yo kuzigama inguzanyo yiyongereyeho cyane. Amafaranga yakomeje kwakira inguzanyo zinguzanyo yatanzwe mbere kumafaranga ake. Amashyirahamwe menshi ahinduka ibishoboka byose, yagerageje kwishora mubikorwa bishobora guteza akaga gutanga ibikorwa byabo. Nyuma yikibazo cyuzuye kuva 1986 kugeza 1995. Amashyirahamwe arenga 1000 y'amashyirahamwe 3234 yakuweho.
Berkshire Hathaway ubwayo ni uwitabira cyane ibikoresho byinjiza ibikoresho byagenwe - mu buryo bwinshi kuko agomba kubahiriza amafaranga menshi muri miliyari 138.3 ahiriwe muri miliyari 113 z'amadolari y'amadolari afunzwe -Tera impapuro - Ikipe ya Treasury Hanyuma, muburyo bwigihe kirekire - miliyari 3.4 gusa. Isosiyete yagabanije ishoramari ryayo muri Quarpor ya IV.
Buffett mubihe byashize yavuze ko bidashobora kubona intego nini cyane yo kwinjizwa. Kubwibyo, Berkshire Hathaway Ubuntu Amafaranga akomeje kwiyongera, kandi ibi ntabwo akunda abashoramari. Mu myaka ibiri ishize, imigabane yayo iratinda inyuma ya S & P 500. Kurugero, muri 2020 bazutse 2,4%, na 16.3%.
Mu mwaka ushize, Berkshire Hathaway yakoresheje miliyari 24.7 z'amadolari yo gucungurwa imigabane yayo, kandi ibyo waguze byakajije umurego mu gihembwe cya kane (miliyari 8.8). Buffett yabisobanuye gutya: Hamwe na mugenzi we Charlie Mager, "yahisemo ko bazagumaho agaciro k'ibikoresho byose byo gukoresha ibikoresho byose cyangwa gukemura ibibazo nibahaguruka. "
Jim Shanakhan abisesengura ati: "Gucungurwa imigabane byari hagati yitondewe kwisi kandi byari binini cyane. Ku bwe, uyu mwaka, isosiyete yaguze imigabane yandi miliyari 4.5.
Gukura kw'isoko ryimigabane bivuze ko ibishoboka bya Buffett kugirango byinjire bizakomeza kuba bike. Buffett yagize ati: "Byinshi muri ibyo rwose mu bucuruzi bukomeye ntibyari bishishikajwe n'umuntu wabaguze." Kubwibyo, we na mugenzi we biyongereyeho kwiyongera kuri portfolio yimigabane, ingano yacyo muri 2020 yageze kuri miliyari 281. Berkshire Hathaway yaguze imisaku ya Verizon Isosiyete ya peteroli yaguye cyane mugihe cyibibazo, ni uburyo na Exxon Mobil, yagumanye amafaranga meza yubusa muri 2020). Berkshire Hathaway nayo yagabanije gusangira gato mu ishoramari rinini - Apple (paki yatwaye miliyari 118 z'amadolari mu mpera z'umwaka).
Ati: "Yakomeje gushishoza ku kibazo cyo ku nomero ya [kugura] kandi iracyahari ku indero ku bijyanye nagaciro - ibitekerezo Sanyan. - Kubera iyo mpamvu, yabuze bimwe bishoboka. "
Buffett kandi yemeje ko yizeye ko yizeye mu ibaruwa y'ubukungu bw'Abanyamerika, abwira abanyamigabane ko igihugu "cyateye imbere" kandi ko "ntagomba gukinisha Amerika."
Ati: "Ku myaka 232 y'ubuzimayo hariya nta wundi ushibatora kubera gutangaza ubushobozi bw'abantu nka Amerika. Nubwo bamwe mu kiruhuko gikomeye, iterambere ry'ubukungu bw'igihugu cyacu riteye ubwoba. "Berkshire Hathaway, ufite ibigo bya komini n'amasosiyete mu bice bitandukanye by'igihugu, yakoresheje igice cy'amafaranga y'imishinga ishobora kongerwa, kandi ishyira mu bikorwa umushinga wa miliyari nyinshi z'amadolari yo kuvugurura imirongo y'amashanyarazi. Buffett yaranditse ati "amasosiyete y'amashanyarazi mu gihugu cyacu asaba ko ivugurura rinini, rifite agaciro kazoba kinini.
Muri Quarter ya IV, Berkshire Hathaway Net Inyungu (harimo amafaranga adasanzwe ava mu ishoramari mu bubiko) yiyongereyeho hafi ya 14% kugeza kuri miliyari 5%. . Inyungu zikoreshwa zagabanutseho 9% kugeza kuri miliyari 21.9.
Byahinduwe Mikhail LongChenko