Yarangiye 2020 yazanye imigendeke myinshi yubukungu bwisi yose, imwe muri zandikishijwe indangagaciro zimari n'ibipimo by'imyenda rusange mu bihugu byinshi byateye imbere. Nubwo ibisubizo byanyuma bitaravuza mu ncamake, hashobora kuvugwa ko ibura ry'ingengo y'imari ya Amerika yarenze (Urebye igikorwa cyo kurwanya miliyari 900 cyafashwe mu Kuboza, 20.4% ya GDP, Ubuyapani - UK - 16.6% ya GDP kandi Ubudage bwumwaka ushize bwashoboye kubigumya kuri 4.8% ya GDP. Indangagaciro zabaye hejuru mumateka yose nyuma yintambara kandi ntirwarenze cyane ibyo bintu byashize byugarije ibihugu (muri Eurozone hasuzumwa 3% ya GDP, muri Amerika muri 2019-2020 yerekezaga kuri 4.9% ya GDP, mu Buyapani, 5.8% ya GDP).
Muri icyo gihe, nta kintu cyateye mu bihugu byose byavuzwe. Ifaranga rikomeje kuba rigenzurwa, kandi, nubwo ubukungu bwibanze (ukurikije amakuru yabanjirije 3,5%, mu Budage - kuri 5.5% n'Ubuyapani n'Ubwongereza), birundanyije kwa Abaturage ndetse bayobye, kandi abenegihugu bamenyereye "kubaho" muri icyorezo. Icyifuzo kinini cy'amafaranga cyateje igitero gityaye mu bipimo by'inyungu, bikangura ishoramari no kunywa ibicuruzwa biramba, kugura amazu n'imodoka. Hafi ya iteganyagihe rya 2021 ivuga ku gusana ubukungu no kurengana mu 2022. Urwego rwo muri 2019. Muyandi magambo, urwego ruteye ubwoba, ruzahita rugarura imyanya ya muntu kandi ruteye ubwoba.
Ibyabaye mu mwaka ushize byari byihariye muyindi ngingo. N'ubwo uruhinja rw'ubukungu, ubushomeri bwakuze n'ubushomeri bwinganga, amasoko yimigabane yagaragaje ko yihuta cyane: S & P500 afunze umwaka na 16.3% kurenza igihe gito cyo kugwa muri Werurwe; Dax - kuri 3.7%, kimwe, na 62.5% hejuru, Nikkei ni 15.2% na 82.3%. Muri icyo gihe, umutungo mwinshi wategekaga - Rero, 202th niwe mu mwaka w'ikinege, ukurikije ibisubizo byabyo, hamwe no kugabanya GDP, imitungo itimukanwa yari yaguye mu bihugu byateye imbere. Benshi mu bandi mutungo mugari nabo ntibaguye mubiciro.
Ubutunzi n'inguzanyoIgisubizo cyari ibintu byihariye byiterambere icyarimwe imyenda rusange hamwe nubutunzi rusange. Niba usuzumye urugero rwa Amerika, bigaragara ko umwenda rusange wiyongereyeho amadolari 4.6 umwaka ushize, mugihe isoko ryimari ryimigabane ni amakori miriyoni 6.55, hamwe n'umutungo wo mu rugo karenze tiriyari 7.8. Amadeni y'imyenda ya Leta azwi atanga imitwaro y'umutwaro w'imyenda kuri Amerika yo hagati - ariko imyifatire y'imyenda yo mu rugo kuri GDP yagabanutseho kimwe cya kane mu myaka 12 ishize. Nubwo ku bw'inguzanyo zanditswe muri iki gihe, umugabane w'abahawe inguzanyo hamwe n'inguzanyo ndende mu gihembwe cya gatatu cya 2020 zabaye hejuru mu myaka 20 - n'umugabane winjiza inguzanyo, yagabanutseho imyenda yinguzanyo, yagabanutseho kabiri kandi ni Biri mu ntangiriro z'intangiriro ya 1970. ги.), n'imyenda ku makarita y'inguzanyo yagabanutseho umwaka urenga 14%. Niba ukizirikanaga kugabanuka mu giciro cya guverinoma ziguriza, bigaragaza ko ingengo y'imari izamara amafaranga 7.8% yo gukomeza inshingano zayo zo gukomeza inshingano zayo, kandi mu 1999-2000, iyo ingengo y'imari ya Amerika imanuka, it yari 11.2-11.0%.
Bose bavuze ko basaba ikibazo kimwe kigaragara: Mbega uburyo bwabanjirije bwo gusuzuma akaga ko kubura no kwidembo bishobora gufatwa nkibi bihagije muri iki gihe? Banki iyo ari yo yose, gufata icyemezo ku itangwa ry'inguzanyo ku mutekano wigenga yinjiza (ubwoko bwa analogue ya GDP, niba kandi tuvuga ku isoko ry'umutungo Ibyo birashobora kwimurirwa mu ngingo (mu buryo bumwe bisa n'ubutunzi bw'igihugu). Ntabwo bishaje kugereranya umwenda no kubura gdp? Biragaragaza muri iki gihe ubukungu bwingenzi mubukungu cyangwa ahubwo ni ugushimira kubangamira amasezerano yimitekerereze yacu?
Ntabwo ari bibi cyaneIbyabaye mumyaka 10 ishize birahatirwa gutekereza cyane kubijyanye nibipimo ngenderwaho byubukungu bwibihugu byihariye. Urugero rero, muri GDP, mu Bushinwa, ubusi bwateye imbere mu myaka 20 ishize, niba utekereza kuri GDP ku giciro cya metero 5.9, kandi niba Yafashwe mu bushobozi bwo kugura amafaranga, Ubushinwa ndetse bwaje imbere, arenga Amerika kuri tiriyari 3.5. Ariko icyuho mu butunzi bw'igihugu (ubutunzi bw'igihugu) ndetse bwakuze - miriyari 42.8 muri miriyari 39.5 ku madolari yo mu 2000. Byongeye kandi, mu gihe cya 2015, icyuho kiri hagati ya Amerika n'Ubushinwa kuri iki cyerekezo gikura vuba.
Niba usubiye ku ngingo yacu yacu - byumwihariko, kumyenda rusange, biragaragara ko mumyaka 10 ishize (kandi muri iyi myaka habaye inguzanyo nini zijyanye nigihe cyibibazo byabanjirije, hamwe no mu miterere myinshi ") ya Ingano yayo ijyanye n'ubutunzi bw'igihugu cya Amerika mbere ntabwo yakuze (25,4% muri 2020 kuri 22.7% muri 2010). Birashoboka ko ari kare cyane kugira kure-kugera imyanzuro kuri iyi, ariko imitekereze neza yerekana ko ibintu mu bukungu imbere, ndetse hatitawe ku bitamugoye, Na bashobora emissive amafaranga ngombwa gutsinda magume, Mu myaka yashize ntabwo ari bibi cyane kuburyo ibi rimwe na rimwe bisa.
Nigute wagereranya nonahaUbutunzi bw'igihugu (kandi munsi yarwo bwumvikana ko ari agaciro k'umutungo byose mu bihugu bireba kugira ngo babuze inshingano zabo). Bisuzumwa mu bitera imbaraga, byerekana inzira nyinshi cyane, utitaye ku ishusho yubukungu yisi ya none isa byibuze bituzuye.
- Ubwa mbere, kandi twatangiye, iki cyerekezo gisaba gushidikanya kandi igipimo cy'imitwe yingengo y'imari y'ingengo y'imari ndetse n'ibihugu byinshi mu kaga ndetse no ku rwego rwo hasi ndetse no ku rwego rwo hasi no ku rwego rw'ubutunzi bw'igihugu ntabwo rifite imigendekere yo gukura .
- Icya kabiri, avuga byinshi ku bijyanye n'ubwiza bw'iterambere: kuva 2000, igice cy'Ubushinwa gusa) n'Ubuhinde (+7), mu gihe Koreya "yo muri Aziya, muri Koreya yepfo, Hong Kong, Tayiwani, Tayiwani , Singapore - cyangwa yagumanye urwego, cyangwa yamanutse ugereranije n'ibindi bihugu (n'Ubudage, Ubudage, Ubufaransa, Ubufaransa, Ubutaliyani na Espanye na Espanye na Espagne bakomeje imyanya y'ibyavuye muri iyi myaka 20).
- Icya gatatu, Uburusiya busuzumwa kuriyi ngingo, bigaragaye ko ari bibi cyane kuruta kubisabwa muri PPP kugereranya na PPS cyangwa ku kigero cya 0,8% gusa kuri 3.08% ya GDP ku isi kuri ppp na 1.74% byamasomo yifaranga agezweho; Byongeye kandi, ukurikije iki gipimo, Uburusiya bugwa mu itsinda ry'ubukungu burebure bw'ubwoko bw'Ubutaliyani n'Ubuyapani, impeshyi yahanitse neza ntabwo yaje mu rubanza rwa 2020, no mu rubanza rwacu) 2013 , - Nukuri na We, nkanjye kera, tuzaza kugereranya ibyo ubukungu bwagezeho mugihe cya Bolsheviks kuva 1913
Ikibazo, ubu kiracyafite ubukungu ku isi, nubwo gikandagira mu buryo butaziguye virusi ya Wuhan, icyarimwe kigaragaza ibyo bibazo kandi atari inzira nshya zashinzwe mu myaka 10-15 ishize (kandi ahanini kuri Iheruka 50 - BYINSHI, reba Inomersev, Vladislav. Ubukungu butagira dogma: nkuko Amerika yashyizeho gahunda nshya yubukungu, Moscou: Gusohora "A alpina", 2021). Kandi tuzakora amakosa atababarira niba dukomeje mubihe bishya kugirango dusuzume ibibazo byubukungu no kugera ku makuru ashingiye ku makuru n'ibipimo, byakoreshejwe igihe kirekire mu bukungu, ukurikije urwego rwarwo. Amabwiriza yabo ntabwo atandukanye rwose nuwo.
Igitekerezo cy'umwanditsi ntigishobora guhura n'umwanya wa VITAME.