Muri Mutarama 2021, abashinzwe ubukungu bukomeye bw'Abarusiya bagiye mu ihuriro gakondo ya Gaidar. 50 Abitabiriye ibihumbi 50 n'amasaha 150 ya porogaramu muminsi ibiri yakazi muburyo bwo guhanga uduce ninyandiko yimyaka ishize. Ariko, palette yibitekerezo yagabanutse - hafi ntamuntu numwe ubona muburusiya ibintu byose byiterambere. Nibyiza, ibintu byose ntibizakomeza kuba bibi kuruta uyu munsi. Ariko ibi ntabwo ari ukuri.
Ahantu hose Wedge
Abantu bake bake bashidikanya ko Uburusiya buzakomeza gufungwa ahanini nigihugu. Urujya n'uruza rw'ishoramari ry'amahanga ntitudutera ubwoba kubera kugabanya amafaranga yinjiza, gahunda y'ubucamanza iriba, abayobozi b'uburusiya bose, politiki y'ububanyi n'amahanga idateganijwe kandi ibihano bishya bidateganijwe. Minisiteri y'Imari nta bubiko bufite kugabanya imisoro no kurengagiza ibikorwa by'ubucuruzi. Minisitiri w'ubutegetsi, Saleey Sazanov Foggy Foggy yatanze igitekerezo cyo "gusuzuma imikorere y'inyungu z'umusoro zimaze gutangwa, ahanini abashora imari." Ibi bivuze ko umusoro usoreshwa mubucuruzi nzima birashobora kuba ushikamye. Namakosa mugihe winjiye muri kabili ya digitale ashoboye gutatanya ifaranga.Ukuntu amasoko azatwara nyuma yo gukuraho imipaka ya coronavirus - nyirakuru yabwiwe. Ku ruhande rumwe, irasezeranya gusubira mu njyana isanzwe y'ubucuruzi. Ku rundi ruhande, igice cy'ingenzi cy'ubucuruzi cyatengushye kandi gishimangira ubufasha bw'igituro cyigihe icyorezo, kandi gishobora gutera umushoramari, ba rwiyeroubanye na resilener, imbibi, imbibi ni Umuryango w'ubumwe bw'ibihugu by'Uburayi cyangwa Amerika ntiziza ube umugari. Muri 2014-2015 Byari nko kuba miliyari amagana y'amadolari yafashwe mu nzego z'ubukungu, ndetse n'abashinzwe ibihumbi bagera ku 150-200 ku mwaka.
Nk'uko umuyobozi wa minisiteri ya miniziya, ubu mu Burusiya, abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 3.7 bakora kure, bafite hafi 6% by'abakozi bose bakoreshwa mu gihugu. Kandi mubitekerezo byimyaka ibiri cyangwa itatu, ibipimo byanyuma byakazi bizakura kurwego rwa 10% bakora. Ibi bizafasha kugabanya ibiciro byamasosiyete menshi, ariko yuzuza ibiro byimitungo itimukanwa hamwe namasoko yo gutwara. Mubisanzwe, ugereranije kurwego rwa "Dock".
Umwe mu bantu bakize mu Burusiya, nyir'itaruye Alerverstal Mordashov yerekanye impungenge z'ibiganiro bijyanye no kwinjiza avtArkia: "Ikibazo ubwacyo, niba dushobora kwanga ibikorwa byo kohereza hanze, bisa naho bidasanzwe . Turi igihugu gitunzwe cyane no kohereza no gutumiza. Niba hari ibyoherezwa mu mahanga no gutumizwa ejo, ubukungu bw'igihugu buzagabanywa inshuro ebyiri, hafi 50% bya GDP bikozwe uko byagenda kose mu bikorwa by'ubukungu. Turahaguruka. "
Kimwe mu byo kwiyongera kw'iterambere, bidashingiye ku byihutirwa bya politiki bya Kremn, bishobora kuba ubukungu bwubukungu - Ntibitangaje kuba ubukungu - Ntibitangaje kuba ubukungu - Ntibitangaje kuba abayobozi bose batanga ibitekerezo byacu kuri "leta ya serivisi". Birumvikana ko igitekerezo cyo kwirinda guhagarara muburyo bwose bwa "live live", guhiga kwacu kw'iteka kubyemezo bishobora kuzamura imibereho nubwo hatabaho amafaranga yinjiza abantu nyayo. Ariko, ibinini bya digitale bisobanura urwego rushya rwibisabwa. Nkumuyobozi mukuru wa Banki yisi ya Kristalina Georgiev, ntituzi icyo gukora mubicuruzwa bitakaza igiciro cya digitale. Kandi dufite iki gice cyingenzi cyubukungu. Aho Gutanga, byumwihariko, impamyabumenyi yicyemezo cyibanze? Mumeze neza, digitalisation bisobanura guhindura ubukungu, bidashoboka nta shoramari ritaziguye, harimo hanze. Kandi ninde ushaka gushora imari, niba dufite igihome cyigihugu cyigihugu?
Muri uru rubanza, shyira imibare mibi ntabwo ari ikibazo. Muri 2019, Guverinoma ya Mutagatifu Petersburg yatangaje ko kwiyongera kw'ishoramari ry'amahanga ku rugero rutagereranywa 25% ku mwaka. Nubwo umujyi wahunze hafi yubucuruzi bwose bwa Finilande, ford igihangange cyimodoka gifunze. Byaragaragaye, muri Snowlny, inguzanyo zafashwe n'amasosiyete y'Abarusiya mu mabanki y'amahanga yafatwaga nk'ishoramari. Indi nkuru: Muri 2016, umuyobozi wa Minisiteri y'inganda na kaminuza ya tekiniki Denis Manturov yavuze ko Uburusiya burenze imirimo y'Amerika. Ibanga ryahindutse byoroshye: Ruble yaguye kabiri - bitandukanye, igihugu cyari inshuro ebyiri kumadorari rimwe.
Kwigana iterambere
IKIBAZO CY'INGENZI: Iterambere ry'ubukungu mu gihugu rifite abaturage bagabanuka ntibishoboka. Mugihe abakunzi ba Futurologiste bagaragaje ubwonko mugutera robot yinganda mu nganda, mubyukuri hari intambara yimirimo - mbere ya bose kubamukira. Guverinoma zikora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo zihangane n'abagore n'abasaza - bidashoboka kugeza ku myaka 70. Ukurikije ibi logique, byerekana ko ubutware bw'Uburusiya bwazamuye neza imyaka yizabukuru. Ariko rero ntahantu ho kwiyongera, kandi abimukira baturutse muri Aziya yo hagati muri Aziya yo hagati baracyajuririra Uburusiya.
Ivugurura rirashobora gutsinda gusa mugihe abaturage bashyigikiye umugenzuzi. Hejuru y'amahirwe yose y'igihugu, yagaruwe nyuma yikibazo kuri "Gishya", ahubwo kikaba kirere kitari umuhanga inshuro eshatu umuhanga, ariko kidahuye na technoct. Ariko nyuma ya zeru Itegeko Nshinga mu Burusiya, "kuvugurura bya politiki" ntibiteganijwe. No kuvugurura munsi ya Vladimir Putin neza ntabwo isa neza. Ku nshuro ya mbere, Putin yakoze ivugurura ry'ingenzi: yagabanije umubare w'imisoro kuva 200 kugeza ku wa 16, yasimbuye umusoro ku rwego rw'imisoro mu byinshi, yashonze umusoro ku rwego rwo hasi, yashoje abapolisi bashinzwe umutekano, yatangije abapolisi bashya, bamenyekanisha ku mirimo mishya. Mu myaka yakurikiyeho, ivugurura ryaragabanutse, ariko amafaranga y'abaturage yazamutse inshuro esheshatu kubera ibiciro bya peteroli nyinshi n'inguzanyo z'amahanga ihendutse. Kurwanya inyuma yinyuma yo kunyurwa, ruswa, Demagoga, uburiri, ugenda ugenda. Muri 2019, ingano igihumbi "ikiguzi" ribles 416 gusa kuva "doveshop". Kandi mu myaka 2020, amadorari yongeye kuzamuka kuva ku 61 kugeza 74.
Umubare w'abaherwe, Uburusiya buri mwanya wa gatatu ku isi, kandi bagenzura 16% ya GDP - ni byinshi. Ariko nibindi bibi, ibihugu binini byakozwe mumirenge byibanze ku gukuramo ubukode (amavuta, gaze, ishyamba, ishyamba, kubaka). Bisobanura ko mu gihugu ntacyo bitwaye ku marushanwa yubusa, nibidukikije byoroshye gukurikiranwa, ariko bikize kumarana umubano wa politiki, bigatuma kwakira ibyoherezwa no kwirwanaho ibikoresho fatizo. Na "midionaires nziza" ni Bill Gates cyangwa Mark Zuckerberg, washoboye kwifashisha byimazeyo. Uburusiya Zuckerberg yitwa Pavel Durov, kandi burya iherezo ryo guhanga udushya mu Burusiya ryateye imbere, rirazwi.
Kuki inkomoko yubutunzi ari ngombwa? Gerageza kwiyumvisha ibidashoboka - imbaraga zahindutse mu Burusiya. Ikirere cyo kumenyekana cyagarutse, igihugu gikaze kumenya ko byose bifite agaciro muri byo ari imiryango imwe n'imwe. Icyifuzo gisanzwe cyabantu ni uguhindura byose. Imbaraga za politiki zifite amakarita yo mumuhanda zizaba ku ifarashi. Ku bukungu n'ishoramari, ikirere - nta mwanya uhari. Umutware wa Morgan Stanley Ruchir Ruchir Sharm, umutware w'isoko riteje imbere ya Morgan Stanley yaranditse ati: "Niba mubihe byiza byo kuyobora imbaraga zose zo kurwanya imbaraga zose zo kurwanya ubutunzi, noneho irashobora kudindiza no gutuma abantu bose bakene." Ni ukuvuga, nta basambanya muri societe ntagomba kwemererwa, ariko mububasha - ubuzimagatozi. No kwimura ishoramari ryambuwe kwambuwe - ikirere kibi cyibishoboka byose.
Uburusiya buri gihe mubuzima "ingamba ziterambere" kumyaka 15-20 iri imbere, ntanumwe murimwe utarigeze asohora. Umushoramari ubishoboye azi ko atari igihugu kimwe, inganda ziterambere, zitarabakira gusimbuka icyiciro cyo kubaka ibintu byo kubaka ibintu byoroshye nka SNECKER cyangwa kumashini. Akwiye gufata dukwiye gufata gahunda za Guverinoma y'igihugu cyatumijwe mu mahanga amashusho ya orotodogisi mu Bushinwa, kugira ngo atangire amafaranga miriyoni 2 kuri "Gutangira tekinoroji yo muri Tech"?
Ku bijyanye no gutabara Leta mu bukungu, RUCHIR SHAKA yandika ibi bikurikira: "Ndabanje kureba ubwoko bwa GDP butuma leta yakoresheje kugira ngo itange niba hari gutandukana bikomeye, hanyuma tumenye niba bari mu ishoramari ritanga umusaruro cyangwa gutanga. Noneho ndagenzura niba guverinoma ikoresha ibigo na Leta ya Leta n'ibikoresho byo kuvoma ibihimbano no gukumira ifaranga, kandi niba ishishikariza amasosiyete yigenga cyangwa ahitamo. " Sharma ntabwo yasesengura ibipimo byu Burusiya, ariko ntabwo bigoye tutayifite.
Dufite 17-18% ya Gadamu Gdp, kirenze gato Ubuhinde, ariko inshuro eshatu zitari munsi y'ibihugu byumuryango w'ubumwe bw'ibihugu by'Uburayi. Hamwe nishoramari ryiyongereye, umugabane wa leta mubukungu ni 70% - Ibi bivuze ko abacuruzi bigenga batazunguruka gusa, kandi uroat muburyo. Inganda za gatatu zagati nigice ziyobowe na retabank imwe iyobowe na Banki Nkuru. Ubutabazi cyangwa Ishoramari ritanga umusaruro? Ubushinwa imyaka 12 bwo gukura bwarasenze imirimo miliyoni 73 mu bigo bya Leta, naho Uburusiya burimo miliyoni 33 z'abakozi ba Leta. Dufite abakozi barenga 10 muri Gazprom kuruta mu gikondo-Bwongereza, nubwo amafaranga yinjira mumasosiyete yombi ari kimwe.
Ku bashoramari, ibi byose birababaje cyane. Birasa na farret cavalier kugirango umenye ko abatoranijwe badasoma ibitabo kandi ntibakaraba, ariko bararashwe muri porunogarafiya kandi ntibashobora kubyara. Niba hari umugozi muremure kandi mwiza Kokoshnik kurindi minzani, none umuntu azagenda iki?
Ntabwo ari ngombwa ko abayobozi ba Uburusiya ntahantu bafite. Muri chess ibintu nkibi byitwa pat. Mu ntangiriro za 2021, Kremn yasobanuye neza ko atazihanganira "kuturwanya kutagereranywa". Kandi ntacyo yitaye kubyo batekereza kuri ibi "abafatanyabikorwa mu burengerazuba". Ntabwo ari ngombwa kugira ngo twizere ko mu matora y'impeshyi muri Leta ya Duma, ingabo zihagaze ku barinzi bashinzwe ba rwiyemezamirimo barashobora gutsindwa. Ibinyuranye, tubona imbaraga zimbaraga zo gukunda igihugu zitangaza umugambi wabo wo gufata ubutegetsi no gukora "impinduka zisosiyete". Bavuga urukiko ku rukiko ruvuga ko "kugenzura itangazamakuru no kuri interineti - ibisanzwe", kandi "Imana nta rundi ruhande ifite, usibye iyacu." Bizagendekera bite mu ishoramari iyo iyo mico ijyanye n'amatora y'Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y'Uburusiya? Kremlin yumva byose, ariko we ubwe yishyize mu bihe atakiriho.
Kuri we, icyemezo cyumvikana cyane nukwicara kuri pop neza. Gira abaturage, gabanya ubukode, yatoza abaharanira intwaro no mu bibazo byose kugira ngo bashinje "abanzi b'Uburusiya" n '"Abakozi bo mu mahanga". Kandi umushoramari wigenga Reka imiyoboro irengere. Babayeho batamufite hariya imyaka 70.
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