Abantu ba kera cyane kwisi batura ku butaka bwa Afrika yepfo, batandukanijwe nigiti cyose cyabantu birenga 100.000. Ururimi rwabo ni kimwe mu bigoramye cyane ku isi, kandi abakobwa babo barashimishije cyane (nubwo, ibintu byose bihinduka, ubuzima bukiri muto bukimara kuba ba nyina). Mbere, abo bantu bitwaga Bushmen na Wattente, ariko bidatinze aya magambo yamenyekanye neza, niyo mpamvu bahagarara ku nyandiko "San" na "Koy". Abantu Koisan nibwo izina ryabo.
Buri gihe turi muri adme.ru. Burigihe birashimishije kumenya uburyo abantu baba muri izo mfuruka zabumbe twacu aho byoroshye kubona. Uyu munsi turihutiye kukubwira ibya San na Koy.
Ubuzima bwa none San (Bushmen)
- AnthropologueTist Carlton Kun yabivuze ubwoko butandukanye, bwa 5 bwa capoid. Bitandukanye nabanyafurika gakondo, uruhu rwiza rwuruhu - umukara cyangwa umuhondo-umukara.
- Abaturage ba San bashoboye kubaho muri byinshi mubyubaha bitewe nubushobozi bwayo bwo guhanura ingeso zinyamanswa no kumenya gukoresha amoko 400-500. Bamwe muribo bajya mubiryo, ikindi gice gikoreshwa nkimiti. Abahagarariye ba San bakoresha ibicuruzwa bisanzwe kugirango babone ubuvuzi bwindwara amagana, mugihe mugihe kidafite imiti igezweho.
- 70-80% by'imirire yabo bigize imboga, imbuto, ibirenge, imizi itandukanye. Ibi byose byakusanyije cyane abagore. 20-30% yimirire iva mu nyama. Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye nuburinzi bwabagabo.
- Abatuye ubutayu bwa Kalahari barimo kubura amazi ahoraho. Ariko, bize kukwamagana mumizi itandukanye, kandi nazozi no gukora ubusazi amazi. Ku mucanga utose, bacukura umwobo muremure, hanyuma bafashijwe n'umuti muremure, amazi yonsa ava mu mucanga uva mu mucanga. Nyuma yibyo, ihujwe mu magi ya ostrich yubusa binyuze mubindi byatsi.
- San abaho ku ihame rya Egitarianism. Abahagarariye abaturage (by the way, muri umwe muri uwo muryango umwe barashobora gufata abantu bagera kuri 50) baganira hamwe kandi basangira nibintu byabo byose, harimo n'ibiryo.
- Abantu ba Coisan bashinze ubukungu, bwubakiye ku kungurana ibitekerezo cyangwa kugurisha ibicuruzwa, no mu mpano. Bamenyerewe guhora batanga buri kintu.
- Umuganda ufatwa nkumuryango umwe munini. Gufashanya - Hafi yihame ryingenzi aba bantu baba. Niba kandi, nk'urugero, umwana azabona ibiryo bimwe na bimwe, ntayarya, ahubwo azazana abasaza.
- Kuri buri ndogondi, hari amazina agera ku 35 gusa, kandi, nk'ubutegetsi, bita abana mucyubahiro rya basogokuru cyangwa abandi bavandimwe.
- Abaturage ba San bafite ibyiciro byinshi byingenzi kubantu bakuze. Kubahungu, iyi niyo mpinge yambere, kubakobwa - ubwangavu nubukwe.
- Umukobwa mugihe cy'imihango, nk'uko San abivuga, akwiriye gukomeza kwigunga. Bizera ko niba areba umuntu, azahora akomeza kunyeganyega no guhindukirira igiti kivuga.
- Abakobwa n'abagore bo mubantu abantu bahitamo kwihisha imvura. Ku buryo, kuzuza igihugu n'amazi, icyarimwe birashobora guhita bituma batwite. Abahagarariye imibonano mpuzabitsina myiza yabantu b'abantu bizera ko kubyara abana babanye nabagore bataguye munsi yindege imvura nyinshi, ntibishoboka.
- Akenshi babyara abagore-San basenyutse inyuma y'ibihuru muri metero ijana uvuye gutura. Abakobwa babyara bwa mbere, barashobora guherekeza umufasha. Isaha imwe nyuma yo kubyara, biteguye gukora ibibazo byabo bya buri munsi.
- Kuri benshi mubahagarariye aba bantu, ubukwe ni ikintu cyihariye hagati yumukwe numukwe. Gusa mubibazo bidasanzwe abashyitsi benshi barashobora gutumirwa. Umugore wubatse arabujijwe kuvuga, guhura na nyirabukwe ndetse akamureba.
- Benshi mu bahagarariye abo basangwabutaka ni Monogaman. Umugabo arashobora kwigurira umugore wa kabiri, ariko munsi yubuntu gusa: Agomba kuba umuhigi udasanzwe yo kugaburira abagore 2 nabana babo.
- Abahagarariye imibonano mpuzabitsina badakomeye ni inshingano zo kubaka ubuturo. Ni amaboko yabo yoroshye ko igisenge cyubatswe hejuru yumutwe kumuryango wose.
- Mu bagore bamwe baho, ikibuno ntigisa n'ubusanzwe. Bakusanya amavuta menshi. Ibi bintu byakiriye izina rya stetopyagia. Niba inguni hagati yinyuma hamwe nigituba bizaba impamyabumenyi 90, bifatwa nkimyanda.
- Impuzandengo yo kubaho muri aba bantu ni imyaka 45-50, 10% babaho kugeza ku myaka 60.
- Iyo umuntu apfuye, ashyingurwa mumwanya wa nucleus, atwikire umubiri inkozi yimpu, ajyayo ibintu byose byumuntu wapfuye. Abaturage ba San batinya imyuka y'abapfuye kandi kubera kubera iyo mpamvu ntazigera agaruka aho umuntu yashyinguwe. Nibyiza, nibakomeza kujya hafi yumwanya wo gushyingura, bajugunya ibuye rito ku mva nkimpano idasanzwe.
Kandi hano ntuye (goodtotty)
- Ni ubuhe buryo bw'inka. Ni abungeri b'abana bemera ko iyo bahinduye ibihe byumwaka bigenda hamwe ninyamaswa zabo ahantu hashya. Batanga rero isi igihe cyo "kuruhuka."
- Koi yubahiriza abaturage bafite umuryango, ni ukuvuga, ntanumwe murimwe ufite igihugu kandi buriwese ashobora kuyikoresha mubushishozi bwayo.
- Abagore b'abaturage bo muri Konoy barashobora kwitwa kimwe mubyiza cyane muri Afrika. Ariko, imibiri yabo ihinduka cyane hamwe no kuvuka k'umwana wa mbere. Uturere tumwe na tumwe turashinja kandi birasakuza, igifu gitangiye kunywa, kandi ikibuno gihinduka ikibonezamvugo myinshi. Nibyiza kare mu maso hatangiye gutwikirwa iminkanyari.
- Haru - Ubugwari gakondo bw'iki gihugu. Ninyubako ya dome ifite inkoni. Mubwubatsi bugira uruhare hamwe nabagore baguruka igifuniko cyinkoni, nabagabo - bakora ibikorwa byo gukora ikadiri. Iyi nzu biroroshye kwimurira ahantu hamwe ujya ahandi.
- Imyiteguro yubukwe muri Koi irashobora gufata umwaka. Ubwa mbere, umugabo aganira ku migambi n'umuryango we, kandi niba yemeye, abantu bose bakurikira inzu y'uwo bashakanye. Ngaho, umukwe amenya ibisobanuro birambuye ku nama ye ya mbere hamwe nabagejezejo hazaza hamwe nibindi bisobanuro. Niba ibyonsa byose, imiryango itangaza umunsi wo gusezerana. Kuri uyumunsi, ibendera ryera ryashyizwe kumurongo wimiryango yumugeni numugeni, ntakibazo kidashobora kuvaho. Kubukwe, umukwe aha umubyeyi mu nka yatoranije cyangwa inyana ye. Ibirenge by'imiturire birashobora kumara iminsi myinshi.
- Coy azwiho ubuhanga bwabo bwubukorikori. Abahagarariye aba bantu barazirikana bubi, bizirikana ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa, cyane cyane kotera uruhu (imvura), kimwe nibikoresho bya muzika, hamwe nibikoresho bya muzika.
- Imyenda y'abagore gakondo - imyenda miremire, kudoda imyambarire ya victorian. Bateye imbere mu myaka ya 1800 kandi ni kimwe mu bigize umuco wabo.
- Mbere, gushyingura ntabwo byari ibintu byinshi. Umurambo washyinguwe gusa, kandi izina ry'umuntu ntirivugwa na kubera ubwoba bw'imyuka mibi. Uyu munsi, nyuma y'urupfu rw'umuntu, umuryango we utegura umwanya wo gushyingura mu cyumweru (kurambika amatafari), hanyuma abagize umuryango bamarana nijoro icyunamo, aho indirimbo ziririmba, basenge kandi bavuga disikuru yo guha icyubahiro ibyahise. Bashyira umuntu wapfuye mu mva, bashyira ikibaho hejuru no gusinzira.
Urashaka kumara iminsi mike muri sosiyete ya Koisan? Niba aribyo, bari gukora iki?