Abantu bose byibuze bambutse umupaka wa leta bazi imigenzo icyo aricyo. Imipaka n'imigenzo byagaragaye igihe kirekire cyane - kubera ko ibihugu byavutse, kandi bizabaho kugeza igihe ibihugu bibaho. Iri jambo rituruka he kandi imigenzo yambere yagaragaye ryari?
Mu kirusiya, ijambo "gasutamo" ryabaye mu ijambo "Tampa". Iri jambo nyine ryaje mu Burusiya mu bihe bya Horde ya zahabu. Byasobanuraga ko ikirango, cyangwa icapiro, ikimenyetso cyashyizwe kumutungo wingirakamaro. Kubaho kwa Tamana bivuze ko iki kintu ari cyumuryango nkuyu.
Gasutamo no ku mupaka - kurengera isoko rya Leta. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, abashyigikiye isi bashakisha gukuraho inzitizi za gasutamo hagati y'ibihugu, bagerageza guhuza amasoko yabo, bashiraho isoko rimwe ry'isi ku bicuruzwa na serivisi. Niki cyiza kandi kibi - ni ngombwa gukemura ibibazo.
Niba leta ituranye itanga ibikoresho byiza byubuhinzi, mubisanzwe bagerageza gushyikirana nabaturanyi badateje imbere ibicuruzwa byabo kumasoko ya leta. Mugihe kimwe, birashoboka rwose kugabanya kwinjira kuri ibyo bicuruzwa byakozwe nabaturanyi, bimaze kuba byiza kandi bihendutse.
Kuva mu 1950, isoko rusange ryakozwe mu bihugu by'Uburayi byo mu Burayi. Ubwa mbere - Kumakara na steel rero, buhoro, urutonde rwibicuruzwa bigenda hagati yigihugu zubutaka, batangiye kwaguka. Viza yazimiye ku baturage ba EU igihe yatwaraga mu gihugu kimwe cy'ubumwe n'undi. Ariko, ibyo ntibyakuyeho ingorane zimwe mu kuvunja ibicuruzwa hagati y'ibihugu. Kurugero, icyesipanyoli bihendutse cya Disikimbo cya Disiki Ibihugu bisigaye bya EU biremereye ku isoko hamwe nibikorwa bikomeye ndetse nububiko.
Iyo ibicuruzwa byinshi bivuye mu Burayi n'Uburusiya byagaragaye ku mpapuro z'icyuma n 'kubw'abanyamerika bavuze ku mirimo minini ku bicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga, kugira ngo ibone irushanwa n'ibigo bya Metalgical ya Amerika bidashobora.
Kuva ku ya 01/01/2021, Ubwongereza bwahagaritswe na EU - barambiwe gusohoza ibisabwa byose mu muryango w'ubumwe bw'ibihugu by'Uburayi, ntibakundaga kuba umuterankunga w'imikorere y'iri shyirahamwe ry'ibihugu. Byongeye kandi, ABASUKANYI basezeranijwe kurinda amafi yabo yo mu nyanja, amabanki y'amaguru muri zone yubukungu bwicyongereza buturuka kuroba bwa EU. Bigaragara ko ubuyobozi bw'Ubwongereza buzera ko bazabaho bonyine.
Ibyabaye mu myaka 10-15 ishize byerekana ko imipaka n'imigenzo ku isi ibaho kutabitangaje kandi bizashira kandi bizashira vuba.
Ni ubuhe buryo bukwiye kuba gasutamo? Birashoboka byihuse kandi byoroshye. Na kandi - kutameze kubagenzi basanzwe.
Mu 1992, itsinda ryabanzizi barimo, ku nshuro ya mbere yambutse umupaka wa Leta: Twagurutse mu rugendo rw'akazi mu Butaliyani. Kujya i SErememeremEvo-2 Igenzura rya gasutamo ntibyari byoroshye, nubwo twe, usibye imyenda yacu, ntacyo twafashe. Abashinzwe imigenzo y'Uburusiya bari barakabije, buri wese muri twe yari afite imyanda yose, abonye ikintu giteye inkeke kuri x-ray. Ubutaliyani rero twari dutegereje dufite ubwoba. Cyane cyane ko Umutaliyani atazi na gato, gusa yavuze mu Cyongereza.
Muri Milan kugera gusohoka nyuma yo kugenzura pasiporo, twagenze hambere, dutegereje ibibazo na bamwe "bibujijwe gutumiza mu bintu. Twebwe, tuzerera amaguru azerera, turenze umugenzi kuva ku kibuga cy'indege cy'umugenzi ugaragara hamwe n'indimi nkeya mu ntoki, nta yandi mazi yari afite (nagereranije ko imizigo ye ari yo koroshya "Clumadans" yacu ya kera na mu mwuka). Nta muto wabaye kuri gasutamo. Abantu badashakaga gutangaza ku ngingo y'amafaranga, bashizeho abapolisi benshi ba gasutamo. "Forrade" yahanyuze ku minota mike iri imbere yacu ...
Umukozi wa gasutamo w'Ubutaliyani yaradusunikiraga no kureba - kandi bidutera ibi bikurikira. Turasukuye kubushake, ariko nta buyobozi bwa gasutamo ntabwo bwayoboye.
Igihe twari tumaze gusohoka, nahise mbona ko "amakera yizeye", yarengeje urugero, abashinzwe umutekano barenga kandi bahita "bagenda." Umwe wayoboye Porotokole, hakuweho isaha yakuwe muri bearrade. Ku meza aryama andi masaha make y'amasaha, bari bari mu ntoki munsi y'ikoti ryagaburiwe. Portfolio yari igifungo. Birasa nkaho hariho "ikintu" cyo gutangaza gasutamo, ahubwo ni uko babitangaje, ariko uko bigaragara, bahisemo gukemura nyuma y'umurimo w'ingoma wihishe ku mubiri. Mugihe uhuye ninjiza numwuga, kuza mubisanzwe biratakaza.
Mu Budage n'Ububiligi mu 1990-2000, ntabwo nibuka gasutamo. Kugenzura pasiporo, kwambuka igihe kirekire n'amaguru, byatwaye ibintu - no mu muhanda. Niba hari ikintu, Tranne kandi wishyure inshingano. Ariko komanda ni - Ni ibihe bintu bihari kugirango ugaragaze kuri gasutamo? Yanyuze inshuro nyinshi nta jambo ryabashinzwe umutekano. Nubwo, nzi neza ko bishoboka ko byafatwaga mbaga mubantu kandi bikaba byereka ukuri. Gusa sinarenga ku mategeko ya gasutamo, kubera ko abashinzwe imigenzo batabonye.
Mu Bushinwa, muri iki gihe cyacu - na gasutamo. Hagati ya 2000 muri Shanghai, itsinda ryacu rya ba injeniyeri bo mu Burusiya riteganijwe koherezwa no guterana abahagarariye isosiyete. Amavalisi yatanzwe afite agatsiko, iruhande rwacu. Yahagaze. Imbwa yaririmbye ntagaragaza natwe. Bike cyane bisa nkaho ari supayeli. Nahumuye umwuka, nasweye umurizo ... Hanyuma nagerageje agatsiko. Inshuro ebyiri. Yiruka kuri nyirubwite, ahagarara kure cyane. Muburyo, mubisanzwe ...
Hanyuma bamwe muri bagenzi bacu batanze: "Eh, mumbabarire, sinari nzi icyo batazasuzumwa hano, byari ngombwa gufata magendu ntoya." Namweretse ku mbwa njya mbona ko yari amaze gusuzuma yitonze, kandi ntarabibona.
Igihe icyorezo cya coronavirus kirangiye, imigenzo yo kugenzura pasiporo no muri "Green" na "icyatsi" kizaba ireba abagenzi, bagerageza kumva neza abagenzi gusobanukirwa - utwara magendu. Kandi hazabaho swetel ntoya kugirango wiruke hagati yabagenzi, amwenyura mumunwa wose no kuzunguza umurizo. Rimwe na rimwe, bazakora amakara kuri bamwe mu bagenzi, nyuma bazajyana abapolisi n'abayobozi ba gasutamo munsi y'imikoreshereze yera mu byumba bitandukanye, kandi wenda gushakisha ku giti cyabo kugira ngo bamenye ibiyobyabwenge kandi / cyangwa magendu. Ikintu kibujijwe. Cyangwa kugerageza gukora ibintu bimwe na bimwe utishyuye inshingano za gasutamo.
Amahirwe kuri buri wese usaguruka mumahanga! Inama zombi: Ntugerageze no kurenga ku mategeko ya gasutamo ya federasiyo y'Uburusiya n'igihugu urimo kuguruka. Nibyiza kwiga aya mategeko hakiri kare kandi urebe. Biragoye cyane kubeshya abanyamwuga.
Umwanditsi - Igor Vadimov
Isoko - Sprangzhizni.ru.