Natalia Tennrovskaya aragerageza gukemura amayobera ya canal ihamye muri St. Petersburg. Shakisha ububiko n'amafoto y'ibikoresho. Soma byinshi mubikoresho byacu.
Waba warabaye ugenda mu muyoboro wa GRIBODEOV, hafi ya katedrali ya Kazen, reba ku nkombe zinyuranye kandi ubonye ko hafi y'ikiraro kinini cya Kazano, kikaba kiri hafi ya Granite, ariko urukuta rw'ibicuruzwa rufite na granite, ahubwo ni na hekestone, kimwe n'impamvu zashyizwe ku mazu menshi ashaje muri St. Petersburg?
Hagati ya St. Petersburg, ibishanga byinshi n'ibishanga byagumye mu myaka ya mbere, amazi yatembye, amazi yatembaga, amazi yari umwanda, amazi yari afite aho ngaho, nta kintu na kimwe cyo gukaraba, aho imiyoboro yatesheje agaciro. yashyikirijwe ibikoresho byumujyi nibindi byinshi. Kandi, cyane cyane, mu bitumva, amazi ntabwo yavuye mu gishanga no guhagarara hagati mu mujyi.
Kugaragara cyane cyane uruzi rwitwa ku mutego, yambutse umujyi wose mu gikari gihamye ku munwa wa Fonsanka, kandi yasanitse cyane, kuberako yakiriye izina rya kabiri - KURU. Bibwirwa ko abasaza no mu bihe by'intambara byavuzwe ko ari ku buryo bukurikira: Krushch, hibandwa ku nyuguti zanyuma.
Mu 1728, ku nkombe z'umugezi utumva, munsi y'uruzinduko, bashyira itorero ryo kuzamuka mu mbaho, kuko rimwe na rimwe uruzi rwo mu mujyi rwari rwonyine, icyo gihe ko rimwe na rimwe rwitwaga uruzi rwa Vozness.
Anna Ioannovna, wagize umwanya wo gukora byinshi ku mafarasi ya St. Petersburg imyaka icumi y'ingoma ye (1730-1740), yategetse inkomoko y'uruzi rw'abatumva kandi iyihuze kurohama. Imirimo yatangiye, ariko bidatinze barahagarara. Umuhanga mu by'amateka wa mbere wa St. Petersburg, A.i Bogdanov, mu ntangiriro ya 1750, yavuze kuri ibyo byabaye: "Umuyoboro watangiye ku ruhande rwa Admiralty, ku gikari gihamye, kugira ngo uhuze uruganda rukora amajwi, guhuza urujya n'uruza rwa Toaf VoznesesSanya. Noneho barasigaye kandi; 1732 yatangiye. "
Mu 1739, uyu muyoboro wakiriye izina ryemewe kandi, nubwo bizera ko akazi karangiye muriki gihe, amakuru yakurikiyeho yerekeye avuguruzanya.
Kuri gahunda izwi cyane ya TPorkot-Mahaev, yaremwe mu mpera za 1740, tubona kuva muri demidov iriho ikiraro (ku ntego ya gregsov alley) ni umuyoboro, hamwe na none, Hamwe no guhindura ibintu bibiri bikabije (ngaho, niheriri yikiraro cya banki no mukarere ka kare), hanyuma, kumyambaro ubwayo, inkombe zerekanwa muri leta ya mbere. Ibi byose, rero kuvuga, imiyoboro y'amazi yitiriwe uruzi rwumuka, ibintu byuzuzanya ntibivugwa.
Ubusanzwe iyi gahunda, kimwe nizindi gahunda nyinshi zikinyejana cya XVIII, nuko igaragara kandi ni iki cyari kigezeho rwose, kandi hari ikintu cyari cyakozwe, kandi ikintu ntabwo cyakorwaga. Iyi gahunda rero, nziza cyane, rimwe na rimwe isiga n'ibibazo byinshi kuruta gutanga ibisubizo.
Inzira imwe cyangwa irindi, ku cyerekezo cya Catherine mu 1764, imirimo ya hydrotechnical yatangiye guhindura uruzi rwose rurerure mu muyoboro. Umushinga ukoreshwa n'ibishushanyo kandi ugereranya amafaranga yakoreshejwe yatangaga injeniyeri illarion Mattvevich Gllverlav-Kutuzov, Padiri wumurima uzaza marshal. Mu izina rirerire ry'umushinga we hari amagambo: "... kubyerekeye gufata umuyoboro wo kubuza abatuye umurwa mukuru ku ngaruka mbi z'umwuzure." Nibyo, ibyiringiro nkibi byibasiye imiyoboro muri kiriya gihe. Ingoma yumugezi wo kutumva yararaguwe kandi irarekuye, inkombe zari zihishe, ariko imyuka ikomeye yihishe mu rutoki rwo hasi ntiyasigaranye uruganda. Kuri iyi gushushanya imirasire, tugomba gushimira ubuziraherezo Catherine II, byatumye gahunda yihariye kuriyi.
Nabereznyefal, muri 1766 yakiriye izina rya Catherine, bambaye granite, inkombe zahujwe n'ikiraro n'ibiti. Umwanditsi wumushinga wa Eninkments yari I.M. Glenchev's Glenchev, iyobowe nakazi, usibye we, injeniyeri V.N Nazimov, F.V. Baur (Bauer, Booto) na I.n. Borisov. Ibikorwa byose byarangiye na 1798.
None hejuru yuburyo bwaturutse he ikiraro cya Kazan? Ntabwo byose birasobanutse hano. Byemezwa ko aha ari ahantu hahamye kararangiye kandi aho bahujwe n'umugezi utumva, kandi birashoboka ko inkombe ze zizakomera mu myaka ya 1740, kandi zishimangirwa n'amabuye. Muri Catherine Times, inkuta zigumana z'umuyoboro zanatswe ziva mu mabuye, kandi granite iramba kandi nziza irangira hejuru yayo. Kandi kubyerekeye ko muri Catherine urangirwa hejuru yamabuye, byibuze igice runaka cyumuyoboro, amakuru asa nkaho aboneka.
Ku mafoto menshi, kandi abanza, na sovitioti, kugeza hagati kugeza ku ya 1950, tubona ko inkuta z'igice cy'umuyoboro wa mbere cyashyizwemo amabuye.
Gusa amazi ubwayo agaragara kumurongo wa granite, ubugari bwibuye, umupaka kandi ahagarara aho inkombe yari ifatanye, nazo zakozwe na granite, ndetse no mu muyoboro. Ku nkombe y'iburyo, umurongo uhura na The Trekiya yarangiye kandi Granite atangira, yari hafi y'inzu 19 (naho 21 ni inzu ya Banki ihamye ", maze uyu murongo wabereye mu Butaliyani umuhanda. Hafi ya 1950 inkombe zombi zatandukanijwe na granite rwose.
Nkuko byagaragaye ko agace gato k'ubutangu bya Kazan cyagumye kandi kigakomeza gutondeka n'amashyamba, ntibisobanutse. Nibyiza, sinayibagiwe kuri we, muri uru rubanza. Usigaye mu bitekerezo by'amarangamutima?
Hano ndahagarara, kuko inkuru yose yagumye inginje kuri njye.
Byoherejwe na: Natalia Tennrovskaya