Inkingo kuva Covid-19: panacea cyangwa ikibazo gishya?

Gahunda y'ingenzi y'umunsi wa 2020 ni coronamenye, yambara gupfukama isi yose. Muri 2021, ingingo yo kurinda icyorezo yasohotse ku binyamakuru bya mbere. Kandi nihe vuba ahagaragara inkingo cyangwa imiti i Covid-ali yatangiwe nka panacea, ubu aya magambo arabajijwe. Kubera iki? - Soma byinshi kubyerekeye mu kinyamakuru

Kuki umuryango wisi usuzugura inkingo kuva coronavirus?

Irushanwa ry'intwaro ryahinduye isiganwa. Amakuru ya nyuma yatumye isi nayo ifitanye isano na Covid-19. Umuntu wese yari ategereje cyane inkingo zuburayi n'umunyamerika, kandi byabaye ... uko byagenze. Noneho, mu Kuboza 2020, Uburayi bwemeje imikoreshereze y'inkingo mu masosiyete "na" Pfizer ". Nyuma gato, indi mpera yongewe kuri iyi miti - kuva muri sosiyete "Moderna". Byagenze bite? Kandi kuba nyuma yo gukingirwa byatangiye gupfa abantu. Abantu 55 bapfiriye muri Amerika ... ikintu kimwe kiri muri Noruveje.

@Markuswinkler / uppla.com.

Dore urundi rubanza: Muri Amerika, umwana w'imyaka 66 wo mu buforomo rwo mu buforomo muri Colorado, amaze kwakira urukingo rwa Covidi - imyaka 19, bumvise abatotsi n'intege nke. Umunsi wose aryamye, naho ahakurikira - arapfa. Muri Mutarama 2021, abayobozi ba Noruveje batangaje ko abantu 23 bapfuye nyuma yo gukingirwa n'ibiyobyabwenge bivuye mu masosiyete bionitech na pfizer. Nyuma yibyo, abaganga baho batangiye kuburira akaga ko gukoresha urukingo nabantu barengeje imyaka 80. Menya ko inzira yo gukingira hano zatangiye mu mpera za 2020 Ukuboza. Uwa mbere muri Noruveje yatangiye gucengeza abantu bakuze n'abashyitsi bo mu mazu yonsa. Urupfu rwa mbere ruva mu rukingo rwashyizwe muri Oslo. Bikwiye gushimangirwa ko abantu batandatu bapfuye abantu batandatu iyo bagerageje inkingo ziva muri Bionitech, "Puezer" na "Moderna". Muri icyo gihe, handitswe imanza ebyiri mu itsinda rikijwe, na bane mu itsinda ryaho.

Ni ryari imperuka ya piemic izafasha urukingo?

Ingingo y'inkingo ifitanye isano rya bugufi n'ibirori turacyategereje. Nibyo, tuvuga kurangiza icyorezo cya coronavirus no gukuraho imipaka. Birazwi ko mu gihe cya vuba ibihugu bimwe bishobora gutangira inkingo nyinshi kuva Coronasirusi. Umuryango w'ubumwe bw'ibihugu by'Uburayi na Amerika biteze gufata iki gikorwa mu ntangiriro z'umwaka wa 20211 - ako kanya nyuma yo kwandikisha inkingo no gutangira umusaruro munini. Uburusiya bumaze kubandikisha inkingo ebyiri z'umusaruro wabo. Nibyiza, Ukraine irashobora kubara kuri miliyoni imwe gusa ya covax mugice cya mbere cyuyu mwaka. Noneho, ikibazo kivuka: Inkingo ziva i Covid-19 uyumunsi ningirakamaro cyane kandi nicyo batandukanye?

Ubukurikira, turasesengura inkingo zisi cyane zo muri Coronavirus, kimwe no gutanga urutonde rwibyiza byabo nibibi. Mu ruhare rwe, twashingiye ku gitekerezo cya Ginonologiste y'Uburusiya, umukandida w'ubumenyi bw'ubuvuzi Nikolai Krsuchkov. By'umwihariko, yagereranije imyiteguro yavuye i Covidi - 19 n'ibipimo bikurikira:

• Ubwiza na kavukire byurukingo;
• Kuboroga no kugerwaho mugukora ibiyobyabwenge;
• Imibare yuburyo;
• Ububiko no gutwara urukingo.

@CDC / Unpla.com No. 1. Urukingo ruva mubigo "Biontech" na "Pfizer"

Mugihe urukingo rufite neza rusigaye, rwateguwe na Bionitech na PFizer (Amerika n'Ubudage). "Pfizer" ni kimwe mu bihangange bya farumasi ku isi, kugira amateka atima. By the way, mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, isosiyete yinjije miliyoni z'amadolari yo kugurisha ... peninilina! Mu cyiciro cya nyuma cy'ikizamini, imikorere yayo yagereranijwe kuri 95%, hatitawe ku myaka n'uburinganire bw'abantu bakingiwe. Abantu bagera ku bihumbi 44 bitabiriye. Urukingo rwa PFizer ni urukingo rwa RNA. Ibi bivuze ko agace ka code yumuntu watangijwe mumubiri wumuntu, mu kugongana na virusi itera umuhanga kandi arinda umuntu kwandura. Ugomba kwinjiza dosiye ebyiri mugihe cyibyumweru bitatu. Iminsi 28 Nyuma yo gukingira urukingo bizashobora kwirinda virusi. By the way, iyi mpera zakunze kugaragara na Nikolai Krryokkov. Ariko, mbere yuko batangariza umubare w'urupfu yateje.

Plus yinkingo kuva "Biotech" na "Pfizer"

1. Ibyago byo kwanduza Coronavirus nyuma yo kwakira urukingo ni 90-95% munsi kurenza nta rukingo.
2. Ibiyobyabwenge byatsinze ibizamini ku bantu benshi.
3. Urukingo mu bushakashatsi rwerekanye imikorere minini mu matsinda yose - utitaye ku myaka, ubwoko n'uburinganire.

Urukingo rwa "Biotech" na "Pfizer"

1. Urukingo rusaba ubushyuhe buke cyane kububiko bwayo (-70o c). Muri icyo gihe, niba ibiyobyabwenge biteye agaciro, birakwiriye gukoreshwa muminsi itanu gusa.
2. Urukingo rwose rw'iburengerazuba rutandukanye muri kimwe - ku bantu benshi, ariko, icy'ingenzi ni ingaruka: zirahenze cyane. Noneho, kubwiyi rukingo, igiciro cyagereranijwe ni amadorari 25-37 kuri dose. No gukingirwa byuzuye, uzakenera dosiye ebyiri.
3. Urukingo, nkuko byagaragaye vuba, ntabwo ukunda gukingiza abasaza. Byongeye kandi, abahanga bamwe batangiye gushidikanya kubikorwa byukuri byibiyobyabwenge.
4. Hariho ingingo imwe n'inzobere zirengeje kuva mu ntangiriro: mu rukingo kuva Bionine kuva Bionicech na PFizer, hakoreshejwe tekinoronsinsi yakoreshejwe, itigeze yemerwa no gukingira abantu. Turimo kuvuga kubyerekeye gukoresha matrix gusa rna ya virusi.

Barrons.com Oya 2. Urukingo ruva muri sosiyete "Moderna"

Urukingo rufite isosiyete y'Abanyamerika "Moderna" yateye imbere, ifite 94.1% yo gukora neza, kandi hamwe n'indwara zikomeye z'indwara - 100%. Abakorerabushake barenga 30.000 bitabiriye ibizamini. Nibihe bintu biranga iyi rukingo? Rero, abashinzwe iterambere barasobanura: Ibiyobyabwenge birimo agace ka kode ya genetike, "amahugurwa" yumubiri wumubiri wumuntu kugirango amenye virusi. Ni ukuvuga, urukingo ntirukozwe hashingiwe kuri virusi. Hariho moderna "moderna" kimwe nibiyobyabwenge "pfizer": ukeneye dosiye ebyiri zizatangira kurinda umuntu muminsi 28. Nibyo, abantu bamwe bakurikiranye urugero bakurikiranye na farmato, bashimangira ko Moderne yakoze ibiyobyabwenge byiza muri iki gihe, kuko bitanditse ibiyobyabwenge bishya mumyaka icumi!

Ibyiza Urukingo rwa "Moderna"

1. Imikorere mikuru yibiyobyabwenge (94.1-94.5%).
2. Umubare munini wabantu bitabiriye ibigeragezo byubuvuzi byinkingo.
3. Urebye umwihariko w'urukingo (kuba bidashingiye kuri virusi ubwayo), bikurwaho n'ibishoboka byo kwandura coronasirusi mu gihe cyo gukingira.
4. Ububiko bworoshye: Urukingo rushobora kubikwa mubihe bisanzwe byagenewe inkingo.

Ibidukikije byinkingo kuva "Moderna"

1. Uru rukingo, birumvikana ko ruhendutse gato kuruta ibiyobyabwenge bisa bivuye mubigo bionitech na pfizer, ariko biracyahari: amadorari kuri buri kigi.
2. Birashoboka, uyu muti nawo urakwiriye cyane gukingo abasaza.
3. Intera nini hagati yinkingo ebyiri. Ibi bitera abategetsi ba Amerika gutekereza ku ntambwe ikomeye: kugabanya intera hagati y'inkingo ebyiri kugira ngo yihutishe inzira yo gukingira muri ubwo buryo.

Oya. 3. Urukingo ruva Astrazeneca

Urukingo, rwateye imbere mu Bwongereza na Astrazeneca (hamwe na kaminuza ya Oxford), irerekanwa 70% yo gukora neza. Abakorerabushake bagera ku 23 bitabiriye ibizamini. Urukingo rukoresha virusi, rwakozwe hashingiwe kuri coronale ya coronasi. Nyuma yo gukingirwa mumubiri wumuntu, proteine ​​idasanzwe irashinzwe, ifasha umubiri udasanzwe kumenya coronavirus. Urukingi rwiziteza imbere rufite inyungu zidashidikanywaho - igiciro. Igipimo kimwe kizatwara amadorari 3 gusa. Nanone, Astrazeneca na modern inkingo zishobora nokwa kandi gutwarwa ku bushyuhe kuva +2 kugeza + 8 ° C byibuze amezi atandatu.

Ibyiza Urukingo rwa "Astrazeneca"

1. Igiciro kihenze cyibiyobyabwenge: Nkuko twabivuze haruguru, gahunda yabateza imbere kugurisha uru rukingo ku giciro cyamadorari 3 kuri dose cyangwa $ 5 kuri dosiye ebyiri.
2. Kuboroshya ububiko no gutwara urukingo.
3. Gukora neza no kubura ibibazo byo mu bitaro nyuma yubuyobozi bwibiyobyabwenge (ukurikije umutezimbere winkingo).

Ibidukikije byinkingo kuva "astrazeneca"

1. Ibizamini byingirakamaro byibiyobyabwenge byerekanaga ibisubizo bidasanzwe: kuva 70% kugeza kuri 90%. Urukingo rwerekanaga ibisubizo bikuru mugihe kimenyekanisha urukingo rwa mbere hamwe na dosage nto. Ibi byatumye abiteza imbere gushyiraho ubushakashatsi bwinyongera urukingo.
2. Astrazeneca aregwa kuba ubumwe muri raporo imwe yinyigisho ebyiri zitandukanye (ibi biterwa nuko gahunda yo gutangaza habaye urugero.
3. Ibiyobyabwenge ntabwo byageragejwe kubantu barengeje imyaka 55. Ntabwo bizwi uburyo ibisubizo bizayobora urukingo rwabasaza.

Oya. 4. Urukingo rwitiriwe mp. P. Chumakov

Muri federasiyo y'Uburusiya, inkingo ebyiri zimaze gutezwa imbere no kwiyandikisha no kwiyandikisha. Muri icyo gihe, "Satelite v" (kuva hagati ya Gamalei) na "Epivakkoron" (kuva mu kigo cya siyansi "vector") yerekanye akamaro ka 95% na 100%. Urukingo rwa gatatu ruva hagati ya Chumakov - ruzashyirwa ahagaragara mu bicuruzwa bya Leta muri Werurwe 2021. Umuyobozi mukuru wungirije ushinzwe ibikorwa byumushinga no guhanga udushya - Kontantin Chernov - yashimangiye ko amoko arenga ya mirongo itanu ya poroteyine aboneka muri coronale. Ibi birasobanura ko hakenewe uburinzi bwuzuye ko urukingo rugomba gutangwa. Hagati ya Chumakov, ibyo bita urukingo rukomeye-rwimana rwateye imbere. Ibi bivuze ko SARS SARS-COV-2 ishingiye ku myiteguro. Ariko, iyi virusi yatunganijwe kuburyo yataye imitungo yandura. Muri iki kibazo, ubushobozi bwabwo bwo gutuma igisubizo cyumubiri kizigamwa. By the way, ubu urwego rwo gushidikanya mu nkingo z'Uburusiya ziragwa buhoro buhoro. Noneho, niba kare ishami ryubuzima bwisi (ninde) wahakanye akamaro ka "satelite v" imwe, ubu, ubu abahagarariye bashyigikira kwihutisha uburyo bwo kwemeza iyi miti.

Ibyiza by'inkingo z'Uburusiya

1. Umunyamakuru wa Espagne Federico cusco yagaragaje igitekerezo cy'uko urukingo rw'Uburusiya "Satelite V" ruzashobora guhagarika icyorezo cya coronavirus. Ibi binyuranye nuko iburengerazuba bwabonye isura yiyi nkingi irakonje cyane ndetse ikakanashidikanya.
2. Inkingo z'Uburusiya zirahendutse - rwose ihendutse kuruta ibiyobyabwenge n'ibiyobyabwenge by'Abanyamerika. Federico cusco ishimangira ko laborafetique y'iburengerazuba bwa farumasi "ishyiraho imiti mu biciro by'inyenyeri." Urukingo rw'Uburusiya "Satelite V" rusaba amadorari 10 kuri buri kintu (ku isoko ryo hanze) na 1942 Rables (ku isoko ry'imbere mu gihugu.
3. Iyi miti ifite ububiko bwemewe nubushyuhe bwo gutwara.

Ibizwe n'inkingo z'Uburusiya

1. Abahanga bamwe batangaza ko icyiciro cya gatatu cyibizamini byurukingo cyu Burusiya ntabwo cyuzuye, nkuko bitwikiriye umubare udahagije wabantu bakigeragezwa.
2. Kubura itsinda rishinzwe kugenzura kwakira umwanya, iyo rigerageza urukingo "Satelite V".
3. Mubantu bamwe bakiriye urukingo, ibimenyetso byuruhande byagaragaye muburyo bwubushyuhe bwa 40.2о S.

Farumasi- kuvuga.com.

***

Birumvikana ko iyi atari inkingo zose. Byongeye kandi, urutonde rwabo ruhora ruvugururwa. Umuryango wisi ubona ko ari ikintu cyiza, kuko ubwo noneho abantu bazahitamo urukingo rwa Coronavirus. Kandi ni ibihe biyobyabwenge wahitamo? Sangira natwe ibitekerezo byawe, kandi nanone ntucikwe uko ubwiza bugenda butekereza muri 2021! Hanyuma inkingo zose da nkingo ?