Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya makumyabiri, igihugu cya Ukraine ki kijyambere cyahawe hafi 70% y'amakara y'ingoma yose y'Uburusiya. Umugabane wintare wiyi shusho ni uwanjye DonBass. Byongeye kandi, kubaka gari ya moshi ntibyashoboka nta bigo bya Metallurgive muri kano karere. Iterambere rya DonBass yose rifitanye isano rya bugufi nishoramari ryubwongereza.
Donhistory DonBass
Ku kinyejana cya 18, igihugu c'igisimba cya Doal cyari hagati y'ibintu bya Don na Zaporizhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzhzh. Nubwo byari bimwe mu murima (ikibaya kinini cya Eurage), ariko abantu batuye hano kurema Slobods, Zimovniki, batangira guhiga amabuye y'agaciro. Urukurikirane rw'akarere rwatangiye. Mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 18, bitewe no kurandura Kanama ya Kanama, abanyacyubahiro benshi bakiriye ubutaka mu majyepfo y'Uburusiya, harimo na Donbas igezweho. Batwarwaga hano igihome, bamwe ndetse barimo gucukura amakara, ariko badakoresheje imashini no gukora akazi. Kugeza mu kinyejana cya 19, hamaze kuba abantu benshi batuye mu karere, ariko bari bato kandi cyane cyane abahinzi.Inkuru ya Karl Gaskova
Ndetse na Catherine muri serivisi yari ifite abamwubatsi bo ubwato bwa Scottish na Admirals. Mu 1786, yatumiye mu Burusiya (mu buryo busanzwe, abinyujije mu gihugu cye) ahimbye kandi rwiyemezamirimo yari afite uburambe mu gukora intwaro, Charles Gakaya. Yari afite imyaka 41. Yamaze mu myaka itatu ya serivisi, yakiriye gahunda ya Mutagatifu Vladimir, yabaye umunyacyubahiro. Mu 1794, yakiriye umurimo mushya: guteshaka amakara y'intara ya Novolev na EkaterinoSlav. Muri raporo, yanditse ko aya mabuye y'agaciro "asezeranya umubare ukize cyane mu mabuye y'agaciro akize mu mico myiza." Kuva 1795 kugeza 1796 yasezeranye mu gushyiraho igihingwa cyashyizwemo cya LUGANSK, mubyukuri byari umuteguro mukuru wumujyi. Iki gihingwa cyari umushinga wambere munini mumujyi, wishora mu gukora ibicuruzwa by'icyuma, harimo imbunda. Abakozi ba Gaskina batwarwa na perrozavudsk. Mu 1806, Karl Gaskova yarapfuye. Mubyukuri, yagereranyaga umuvuduko wambere wa injeniyeri wubwongereza na ba rwiyemezamirimo bahagaze ku isoko yiterambere ryiterambere ryinganda za donbass.
Amateka ya John James Hughes
Mu myaka ya 1860, Umwami w'abami Alexander II bikabije yafashe ikundikwa ry'ubukungu bw'Ingoma y'Uburusiya. Gukemura ikibazo cyo kubura abakozi bafashijwe no gukuraho ikibazo cyo kubura umurwa mukuru. Ba rwiyemezamirimo b'abanyamahanga bakiriye uburenganzira bwo kugaburira no kugura byuzuye mu Burusiya. Mu 1869, nyirinzu ya Kochbey SlosreSandrovka yaguze muri wales John James, nyuma yaho mu Burusiya azitwa "Yuz". Yatangiye gukora igihingwa cya metallurgique, mu 1872 yasohoye icyuma cya mbere. Kuva muri guverinoma, yakiriye umurimo: "Kurema icyuma cy'intwaro mu nganda, ndetse no kubaka gari ya moshi." Overisa yemerewe gutumiza ibikoresho mu Bwongereza, ntabwo byagengwaga imisoro. Hughes yategetse imodoka n'imashini mu gihugu cye, hamwe n'abakozi boherejwe mu Burusiya ku nyanja. Muri Taganrog, byose byuzuye amagare kandi byari amahirwe muri Slobodov. Abaperelejiya barushaho kuba benshi, kandi gutura aho imirimo byiswe "Yuzovka". Mu bihe by'agateganyo, byahinduwe bwa mbere stalino, hanyuma aha izina rigezweho - Donetsk. Uz yubatse hoteri, amazu kubakozi b'Abongereza, Ishuri. Byari abakozi b'Abongereza bazanye umupira w'Uburusiya. None nahagurukiye nde? Yavutse mu 1815 muri Wales, ibice by'Ubwami bw'Ubwongereza. Se yari injeniyeri na rwiyemezamirimo, nyir'igihingwa rusange. John yongeyeho umurwa mukuru w'ikigo: Naguze ubwato, hanyuma ibirombe byinshi, hiyongereye, ni umuyobozi w'intwaro. Hughes wongeyeho, yari mu mafranga makumyabiri akize kurusha abandi, kandi yari umukunzi wa kera. Ibi bintu birangiza umugani w'uko abadiventiste batwaye mu Burusiya. Ariko havutse ikibazo, icyatumye Uza imyaka 55 yo kujya kuri "Imana yibagiwe Greaman Greatre" yo mu Bwami bw'Uburusiya, kugira amahirwe yo gusenyuka kw'amafaranga?
Abandi bagize isosiyete ya Novorossiysk
Wari Ubwongereza bwari "amahugurwa y'isi", kandi Alexandre wa II yasobanukiwe ko ari byo byabaye na injeniyeri byaba ingirakamaro mu iterambere ry'Uburusiya. Ahari ineza yemeye kwimuka no gutangira ubucuruzi mu Burusiya, ubwo yabonaga inkunga n'ingwate y'igihugu cya Leta. "Isosiyete ya Novorossisk. . Ibi bivuze ko kugura ahantu hateganijwe hakiri kare. Mu 1868, Kochubey yashoje amasezerano na guverinoma yerekeye gukuramo amakara no gukora icyuma, maze nyuma y'umuryango wa Atorossisk ", umutware wo kugabanuka kwabaye 3 Miliyoni Rables. Kuva muri Leta kandi ku giti cye kuva muri Alexander II, yakiriye ingwate zo ku buryo bwo gutumiza mu mahanga nta misoro kandi ugure ahantu h'inyongera nta mbogamizi. Fasha Yuzu n'abafatanyabikorwa muri aba ba nyir'ubutarusiya. Kochebey imwe yakiriye imigabane ya Secorossiysk societe yerekeye uruhushya rwihuse rwo kugurisha uburenganzira ku Bwongereza. Tuzasuzuma abandi banyamigabane:
- Sir Daniel Gooch. Yari injeniyeri ya gari ya moshi, uwahimbye na rwiyemezamirimo. Mubyukuri, iterambere rya gari ya moshi hagati yikinyejana cya 19 rifitanye isano nayo hagati yikinyejana cya 19. Mu 1860, yari umuhuzabikorwa wo gushyira telegraph hagati ya Amerika n'Ubwongereza. Byongeye kandi, Gucch imyaka 20 yari umunyamuryango w'inteko ishinga amategeko y'Ubwongereza. Murumuna we, John, Madier ya gari ya moshi, na we yari afite imigabane mibi.
- Sir Joseph Watt. Indi mico yingenzi mu nganda zo mu Bwongereza. Yahimbye imodoka ze zakoreshejwe mu bigo bya Metallurgive na Mine. Yaremye kandi intwaro, nk'imbunda ya mbere ku isi hamwe no kureba neza.
- Thomas Umunyamarna. Yakoraga nk'umuhimbyi wa mbere wa Lokomtotive ya Stephenston, hanyuma yubaka gari ya moshi mu Bufaransa.
- Ottor Hern. Yari umudage, ntabwo ari Abongereza. Ariko hashize no mu mpera za 1850 zemeje umwami w'abarusiya kugira ngo basinye amasezerano y'imyitozo ngororamubiri mu buryo bw'ibikoresho by'icyongereza. Nyuma, yari we wer wemeje Yuz kugura impanuro kuva Kacbay.
Urebye iki gihimba, biragaragara ko umwami w'abami yari yiteguye gutanga amahirwe yose, iyaba ari we sosiyete ya NovoSistk yatangiye guteza imbere ubutaka bwa donbass. Abifashijwemo na bo, umwami n'ababidukikije barateganya kurangiza guhirika mu Burusiya no kubaka umuyoboro wa gari ya moshi. Bihuza abandi banyamahanga, kimwe n'abaturage bo mu Burusiya, ndetse n'abaturage bo mu Burusiya ubwabo (Alchevsky, Morozov n'abandi). Mu 1918, Bolsheviks yiteguye ibigo byose byigenga. Epoch yose yagumye mu bihe byashize, amazina atariyo yimishinga gusa yaburiwe irengero, ahubwo yazimijwe n'abakozi.