Reba kurema kwamatsiko kuri caterpillar hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera cyibanze, kugirango uterane uko ushobora kubamo nimugoroba. Igishushanyo cyose kirashobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri - chassis ikurikira hamwe namashanyarazi azatanga imashini ya kure muri igenzura rya kure.
Gukora Chassis
Ntabwo bisaba ibikoresho byinshi: Caterpillar azayoborwa nibikoresho byose, ishingiro ryibishushanyo byose bizaba ari agace gato ka palwood wijimye, uzakenera kandi ibiziga byinshi bya plastike bizazunguruka. Kuri mashini, urashobora gukoresha hafi ya gearbox ikwiye, nziza "umuhondo", ushobora kuboneka mububiko bwinshi bwibikoresho bya radiyo, cyangwa kugura kuri Ali, kurikirana kuri kariya gear 1:48, ibyo kuri uru rubanza nibyo byinshi agaciro keza..
Buri gasanduku kabonye shafts ebyiri, gusa igiti kimwe gusa kizakorwa kuri caterpillar chassillar, igiti kimwe gusa kirashobora gukurwaho na gato cyangwa kugenda niba aba moteri bari bakeneye muyindi mishinga. Ni ngombwa korora ibiziga kuri shafts - kugirango bigerweho, bikongere kwiyubakira mu giti ubwacyo (imbere ni ubusa), kubwibyo, ibiziga bizasinzira neza. Kubikosorwa byinyongera, kandi kugirango utagikenye imigozi, urashobora gutinza byinshi bifitanye isano na kole. Nyamuneka menya ko uruziga rukubye kabiri - hari icyuho kiri hagati ya buri kiziga nka mm 3-4, inyenzi zizakosorwa nayo.
Motors yakosowe ku gice cyamafaranga aramba, ingano yacyo irashobora guhitamo uko bishakiye, bitewe nubunini bwifuzwa bwimashini. Nta hantu heza ho gufatira aya moteri y'ibikoresho ntabwo byaratanzwe, nuko mbyandike dukoresheje thermoclause - inkoni nziza zifatika zitanga ibintu byiza bifite ireme, nkuko uburambe bwerekanye.
Ibikurikira, kuruhande rwa moteri, ni ngombwa kurinda inguni kumigozi yinziga imbere. Kugira ngo ukore ibi, ndabasaba cyane gukoresha ibisobanuro birambuye ku ibyuma byabana - ngaho urashobora kubona impande zuzuye zifite umwobo. Iyo ucukura umwobo muri pani, birakenewe kuzirikana ko mugihe kizaza bizafata icyemezo cyimpagarara zinyeganyega, bityo rero ni ngombwa gukora umurongo winzoka zifite uburebure bwa cm 1-1.5 hanyuma uhuze mumwanya umwe wa oblong. Rero, imitako yose yimbere izagenda inyuma, ikosore ibirambanyi mumwanya wifuza.
Umwobo uri mu mwobo mu mfuruka, biroroshye gukoresha gukomera bihagije kandi bikwiranye n'inzitizi mu bice by'uwashushanyije. Agatsinsino kagomba kugorana gufatisha ku mfuruka, biroroshye gukoresha utubuto turimo ibitutsi, ntabwo bizunguruka mugihe imashini izatangira kugenda. Ku mpande, ibiziga bibiri bibiri byashyizweho nkanyuma, hamwe nicyuho. Inziga zigomba kuzunguruka kubuntu kumurongo, birashoboka kuyitanga nimbuto zimwe hamwe no gukosorwa. Nyamuneka menya ko ibiziga byibumoso kandi byiburyo bigomba kuzunguruka byigenga. Inziga nkizo nafashe mu gishushanyo kimwe, ariko urashobora kugabanya kuri plastiki zombi, cyangwa kuva ikarito yinshi, niba ubitsebitse mubice byinshi na kole.
Gukora inyenzi
Biragoye kwiyumvisha, ariko, inyenzi nziza hamwe na clutch nziza ziboneka muri PVC zoga ring, urashobora kuyisanga mu iduka ryibicuruzwa byo murugo. Igitambaro nk'iki kigizwe na "imirongo" itandukanye ihumeka, bifitanye isano n'imigozi ihwanye, igikenewe kugirango hatere inyenzi. Igitabata cyaciwe nubugari bwa cm 1.5-2, bigomba kunganya ubugari bwinziga zikoreshwa.
Noneho birakenewe guhuza kaseti ku ruziga rwometse kuri chassis hanyuma ukayitema ku burebure bukenewe, hanyuma impera z'ikibage zifatanije na superclailam. Nyuma yuko inzitiro isetsa, urashobora kugerageza inyenzi kuri chassis ndetse ukandukirira moteri - inyenzi zizazunguruka, ariko izahita igwa mu ruziga.
Kugirango inyenzi idagwa mu ruziga, nubwo imashini yigiheza izamura inzitizi, ugomba gukora amajura ahagarara hagati yinyenzi. Iyo bazunguruka, bazagwa mu cyuho hagati y'ibiziga, udatanze inyenzi zo kugenda. Urashobora gutondekanya nkibi muburyo bwinshi, nahisemo gushinga imikino kuri buri "ntambwe" yinyenzi, nkuko uburambe bwerekanye ko ubwo buryo bwahindutse umukozi kandi afite impagarara zihagije z'inyenzi ntizigeze zihuje na gato. Imikino igabanywa mubice byuburebure bwa mm 5-6 hanyuma ikarinda ifoto iri hepfo, abagenzi bamwe bakoreshwa - bituma imbaraga nziza zihuza ibikoresho bya PVC.
Ibikorwa byose bimwe bigomba gukorwa ninyenzi ya kabiri. Nyuma yo gutondekanya inyenzi, urashobora gusoma witeguye - Noneho bizeye Chassis kandi barashobora kugenzura uburyo mashini y'ejo hazaza izajya, igaburira bateri ya bateri muri moteri zombi. Nibiba ngombwa, birakenewe guhindura imbaraga za terefone - intege nkeya inyenzi zizabihindura cyangwa ngo zikungahane, kandi zirambuye, kandi cyane zizazunguruka cyane, zifite umutwaro winyongera kuri moteri.
Igice cy'amashanyarazi
Mu gice cy'amashanyarazi, hazakenerwa imbaho nyinshi: Ikarita yakira kandi ikwirakwiza amakarita yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu butegetsi bwa kure, bwongera abatwara ubutegetsi bwa moteri, ndetse n'imbaho "n'ibiraro" kugirango izenguruke buri moto mu byerekezo byombi. Gahunda rusange niyo - Inama ya Transmister izashyirwaho muri konsole, ikibaho cyakira ku imashini chassis. Ihindura ihindura guhindura voltage i Batteri (3.7 - 4.2 volt) kugeza kuri 7-8 volt, aho moto izarya. Niba moteri ikura umuvuduko uhagije kandi uturutse kuri bateri, hanyuma Abakanwa ntibashobora gushyirwaho. Gutwara moteri izunguruka bizaba umuzingo wikiraro - gahunda zidasanzwe hamwe na transistori zishobora gutanga voltage cyangwa polarique imwe hanze, cyangwa ikindi, ukurikije ibimenyetso (muri 2 cyangwa 2) bizahabwa ibimenyetso byubuyobozi bwakira. Ubwa mbere, dusuzumye imigambi yo kohereza hamwe nuwakira, bahagarariwe hepfo.
Kuba inyangamugayo, iyo mizunguruko yitwa Encoder na Decoder, hamwe nuwakiriye kandi transmister niryo module ya 433 MHZ, ishobora kugura byoroshye kuri Ali cyangwa ububiko bwinshi bwibice bya radio -
Buri module ifite itumanaho eshatu zo guhuza - wongeyeho imbaraga, gukuramo, kimwe na data ihuza amakuru cyangwa dataset. Gahunda yoroshye yoroshye itanga protocole yohereza amakuru, ikwemerera gutunganya gukanda buto 5. Kugenzura imashini yandika, uzakenera imiyoboro 4 gusa (imbere, inyuma, iburyo, ibumoso, kugirango umuyoboro wa 5 ucecekere kandi urashobora gukoreshwa munsi yimigambi yose, kurugero, kuzimya amatara. TXD na RXD bahuza mumirongo ihujwe ukurikije amakuru ya Data wa Transmitter nuwakira, muri gahunda zose, byoroshye kandi birasaba ibisobanuro. Gutanga ibikoresho bya gahunda ubwabo ni 3,5-5 volt, ariko, niba washyizeho stabilizers 78l05 (ziri kurutonde), noneho urashobora kugaburira kuri volt 7 cyangwa irenga volt. Ibibaho byo gucapa bitanga amahitamo yombi, ukeneye gusa kwinjizamo abasimbuka ahantu heza. Kugirango ukoreshe imashini, imbaraga nuwakira, kandi trantangarge birashobora gukorwa muri bateri idafite intandaro. Muri buri gahunda hari microcontroller - igomba kumurika hamwe na software ihuye, software iri mububiko hamwe namadosiye yimbaho.
Gukora console
Nkimwe muburyo bwo guhitamo, urashobora gukoresha kure yarangiye kuri radiyo yamenetse / idakenewe muri radiyo igenzurwa nayo niba hari umwanya uhagije imbere kugirango ushyire umuyobozi wa kodegisi. Cyangwa urashobora gukora kure yawe, nkuko nabigize. Nk'ibanze, indi mitwe ya Plywood yakoreshejwe, irashyirwaho kuri bateri 18650, amafaranga yimyanda hamwe na module yakira, kimwe na buto 4, ibashyira ku butegetsi bwinshi. Nyamuneka menya ko ikigo cy'inguzanyo kimaze kuba icumbi cy'Inama y'Ubutegetsi - kwishyiriraho birashoboka, usibye kugerageza imikorere nyuma yo guterana. Utubuto dukora rwerekanwe mu mbaho ku nsinga, nko mumafoto hepfo.
Gushiraho ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki kuri chassis
Ku chati ubwayo, bityo, usibye ikibaho cya decoder gifite module yakira, imbaho ebyiri "zizashyirwaho, kandi abantu babiri bahindura. Gukoresha abahindura bibiri, umwe umwe kuri buri moteri, nibyiza kuko bizashoboka guhindura umuvuduko wa buri kibenga. Ibikoresho bya moteri, nubwo bimeze, ariko biracyafite itandukaniro ryibipimo, nubwo bimeze bityo, birashobora gutanga revolisiyo zitandukanye, zihindura voltage mugihe cyo gusohoka zirashobora kugerwaho rwose. Skatky mu musatsi, ndetse na nto, izaganisha ku kuba imashini itazajya imbere, ariko hamwe no guhinduka gato. Urashobora kubona imbaho zose zisabwa kugirango zishyireho chassis hepfo.
Ifoto irambuye yinama yububiko. Nyamuneka menya ko, kimwe n'ikigo cy'inguzanyo, gifite ubushobozi bwinshi bw'imbaraga - bizashoboka rwose ko bidakabije mu bikoresho hamwe na microcontrollers.
Kubaka ikiraro
Byasaga nkaho ari byiza ikiraro gikenewe, kuko bihagije hifashishijwe urufunguzo rwo gutanga vocice. Kandi mubyukuri ntabwo akenewe niba imashini yandika itasabwa kugirango ihindurwe - kandi imyitozo yerekana ko idashimishije rwose itayifite. Rero, birakenewe guteranya gahunda nto yinyongera, izatanga ihinduka rya polarity kuri moteri. Polanim ihinduka - icyerekezo cyo guhinduka.
Moteri ihujwe niyi gahunda, kandi irimo inyongeramusaruro ebyiri - muri1 na muri2, 3-5 volt zashyikirijwe indirimbo imwe - moteri 3-5 yashyikirijwe undi - moteri izunguruka mubindi uruhande. Niba voltage itangiye kwinjiza, cyangwa itangwa kuri inyongeramusaruro ako kanya - moteri ntabwo izunguruka, iyi ni logique yoroshye yakazi. Igishushanyo gifite imyuga 4 yo murima yo murimaze izahindura moteri, bityo igomba kuba ibarwa ku burebure buhagije. Babiri muri bo ni n-umuyoboro, urashobora gukoresha Ao3400, izindi miyoboro ibiri ya p-p-trannel, ikwiranye na Ao3401. Ku cyemezo haba hari imyambaro ebyiri za Bipolar NPN, BC847 irakwiriye cyangwa ikindi gisa. Kugirango tutafata umwanya munini kuri chassis, ndasaba guteranya gahunda kubice bya smd. Diodes irasa, kurugero, 1n4148w. Ku mvugo yimyanda yiyi gahunda (yagenwe nka 12 v), voltage kuva ahindura yatanzwe. Nyamuneka menya ko gahunda ikeneye gukusanywa muri kopi ebyiri - kuri moteri yibumoso na iburyo, izakoreshwa muburyo buturutse kuri kimwe no mu myifatire ya kabiri. Amafoto ya Boards yakusanyijwe hepfo.
Noneho urashobora gukomeza kugirango ushyireho - kandi mbere ya byose birakwiye ko ufatanije na bateri ebyiri za bateri 18650, bateri ifitanye isano, batya ifitanye isano no kubangikanye.
Mbere ya bateri, imbere ya decoder, ikibaho cya decoder cyashyizweho, urashobora guhita ubihuza binyuze kuri switch kuri abafite imibonano. Kugirango ibyoroshye, led 5 zashyizwe kurubu kibaho - LED ihuye izamurikira mugihe urufunguzo rwa kure rukandamijwe.
Ku gice cyo hepfo, munsi ya chassis, abahindura hamwe nibisomu byoherejwe. Ako kanya, ibintu byose bifitanye isano ninsinga - inyongeramusaruro zihindura zinyuze kubafite, ibisohoka bihinduka kugirango ugaragaze imbaho z'ibice, n'inyuma y'ikiraro, na byo, bimaze kugera kuri moteri. Igomba kwitondera ko moteri munsi yumutwaro irashobora kurya hejuru, muburyo, kuri iyimo ihindura, hazabaho amanota inshuro 2 kandi hashobora kugeraho inshuro 2-15, bityo birakenewe gutanga imbaraga zishaje zijimye.
Iheruka, icyiciro cya nyuma cyo guterana gisigaye - Ugomba guhuza ibisubizo bya decoder (UKWIYE GUHUZA HANZE 5) kuri inyongeramusaruro (muri1, muri2, kugirango mugihe ukanda igikoresho, imashini yakiriye uburyo bwifuzwa. Aribyo:
- Kanda "imbere" - moteri zombi zizunguruka mu cyerekezo kimwe.
- Kanda "inyuma" - moteri zombi zizunguruka muburyo bunyuranye.
- Kanda "iburyo" - moteri yibumoso izunguruka, inyuma, imashini ibera kumasaha yisaha.
- Kanda "ibumoso" - moteri iburyo izenguruka, hasigaye imbere, imashini iragaragara.
- Icyarimwe kanda "imbere" na "iburyo" - moteri y'ibumoso izunguruka imbere, ikintu cyiza gihagaze aho, bityo, impinduka yoroshye ibaho.
- Icyarimwe kanda "imbere" na "ibumoso" - kimwe, ariko mu bundi buryo.
Kugirango ushyire mubikorwa logique, ugomba guhuza ibisubizo bya decoder kugirango bihure byirangirire muburyo nkuko bigaragara hepfo.
Hasi ya Decoder yerekanwe hepfo, mugihe kimwe muribo ari ubuntu, birashobora gukoreshwa mubindi bikorwa. Diodes hano urashobora gukoresha imwe 1n4148, yarabagurishije yinjira iburyo bwa decoder.
Ikizamini
Ibi birangiye kuri iyi mashini, urashobora gushiramo bateri hanyuma urebe imikorere. Muri icyo gihe, ntabwo bizaba hejuru yo kugenzura ibikoreshwa ubu - mugihe habuze amakipe avuye kuri konsole, bigomba kuba bito, nka man. Intera ya konsole izaterwa na module yakoreshejwe hamwe na transmitter - akenshi zitanga zone yibintu byakira byiringiro kuri metero 20-30 mumijyi, nibihagije kugirango ugenzure imashini. Bizafasha kongera intera ya antene, urashobora gufata ibice byumugozi wumuringa ufite uburebure bwa cm 17 (kuri 333 mhz) numugurisha muri module kuri "ibimonyo".
Rero, byahindutse igikinisho gihuze cyane kubana nabakuze - PVC-rug Caterpillars itanga clutch nziza hamwe nubuso ubwo aribwo bwose, bityo imashini itsinze byoroshye inzitizi. Ibyiza byibisimba birashobora kandi kwitirirwa ubworoherane bwo kugenzura - ntabwo ari ngombwa gushiraho uburyo bwinyongera bwo kuyobora, igenzura ryose ribaho gusa kubera guhindura icyerekezo cya tracks. Kubura chassis byasobanuwe kuri chassis birashobora kwitwa "umuhanda" - moteri iherereye munsi yumwanya munini, ariko, ntabwo bibangamira umwanya munini wo gutwara, kandi niba ubishaka, uku kubura irashobora kuvaho wongeyeho umurongo winyongera kugirango winjire kandi ushyire moteri hejuru. Inteko nziza!