Ibisobanuro bya ostrich yo muri Afrika: Kugaragara nubuzima

Biragoye kwiyumvisha ko mwisi, zishobora guteza imbere umuvuduko wo kwiruka kugeza kuri 90 km / h, ufite uburemere bunini bwumubiri, bushobora kubaho hafi aha? Ibi byose bijyanye na ostrich yo muri Afrika, biratangaje kandi bifite akamaro muri byose byubaha inyoni.

Ibisobanuro bya ostrich yo muri Afrika

Ostrich yo muri Afrika ninyoni nini idasanzwe itazi kuguruka kandi nta keel. Isura yonyine yinyoni yabitswe muri iki gihe.

Inkomoko

Abahanga bamenye ko umukurambere wa kera w'izo nyoni wabaga muri Afurika y'Epfo hashize imyaka igera kuri miliyoni 23. Byari bifite ubunini (munsi ya none) na burimwimerere. Hafi yimyaka 15, amwe muri ostrich yinjiye muri Turukiya, kandi kuva aho, batura mu karere k'ubutaka bwa Aziya.

Ubwihindurize bw'izi nyoni yabereye muri Eurasia hejuru ya Miocene. Imiterere yikirere ni izi zikurikira: gukonjesha, gukuramo akarere. Ariko ku mirima yagutse hari Savannahs, aho babaga iyo ostriches muri ifishi yoroshye kandi yibanze igihe kirekire.

Isura

Afrika ostrich nini mumiryango yose yinyoni izwi kubahanga muriki gihe. Reka dusuzume birambuye buri kantu kerekana isura ye:

• Umutwe. Bihagije, birambuye. Amaso ni manini, meza, nk'ubutegetsi, afite amaso menshi, aherereye mu jisho ryo hejuru, nta na bo hepfo. Icyerekezo ni cyiza cyane. Ibikoresho byubushakashatsi bigaragarira neza kubera plumage intege nke mukarere k'umutwe, ibishishwa byo gutwi bisa n'amatwi ya kiriyaya.
• Amababa. Abadatera imbere, bafite intoki zifite inzara. Plumage mu mubiri wose ni kimwe, ni umubyimba. Mubisanzwe, abagabo bafite plumage yirabura, nabagore bakubye, ntabwo ari beza - imvi, imvi, umwanda n'amabara yera.
• Ingingo. Ku maduka ya ostrich yo muri Afrika habuze rwose plumage, ndetse no kubice bya thoracique. Imirima ikomeye, ndende ifite intoki 2, kuri imwe muriyo hariho ibinono. Amaguru yabo arakomeye kuburyo imyigaragambyo imwe ishoboye gukora ibyangiritse bikomeye ndetse no kwica inyamanswa zikomeye.
• Uburebure n'uburemere. Izi ninyoni nini kandi ziremereye kwisi. Uburebure bwabo bugera kuri metero 2.5, kandi uburemere bugera kuri kg 120 mu gitsina gore na 150 mu mugabo.

Imibereho n'imyitwarire

Ostrich irashobora kwitwara cyane ku muntu niba ateye akarere kabo. Izi manza ni ibintu bidasanzwe, ariko nyamara, birabaranga nkubwigenzo bwumudendezo no kurwanya inyoni zikunda.

Hitamo kuyobora imibereho ya stade. Birashobora kubaho amatsinda yumuryango, agizwe nabagabo, igitsina gore nabakomokaho. Umubare w'imikumbi ugera ku bantu 30, kandi imbuni nto mu majyepfo baho nk'itsinda rigizwe n'inyoni amagana.

Ostriches yo muri Afrika irashobora kuba hafi yizindi bera imbuto, babana kandi ube inshuti cyane. Ukurikije iterambere ryayo ryinshi hamwe niyerekwa ryiza, barashobora kumenyesha akaga inyamaswa zose hafi.

Gusinzira

Amayobere nyafurika arashobora kwimura neza imbeho ku butaka bwa cis hagati ya CIS, iterwa na plumage nziza cyane hamwe nubuzima bwiza bwa genetifike.

Mugihe amazu yinkoko yuzuye, yubahwa cyane yinkoko yubatswe inyoni nkizo. Umuntu wavukiye mu gihe cy'itumba ku buzima arakomera cyane kandi afite ingendo kuruta inyoni, yavutse kandi akura mugihe cyizuba.

Ubwoko

Kugeza ubu, ubwoko 4 gusa buba muri Afrika burabikwa. Mbere, hari byinshi muribi, ahubwo kubera gutsemba inyoni, abaturage babo bagabanutse cyane. Tekereza ku masomo yose utandukanye:

• Ostrich isanzwe. Reba cyane. Afite uruhara ku mutwe, kandi amaguru n'ijosi bisiganwa mu gicucu cyijimye-gitukura. Umugore aho kuba uruhu rutukura rweruzi-ibara ryijimye. Amagi ya ostrich isanzwe ifite ubugari muburyo bwinyenyeri.
• Masay Ostrich. Aba muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba. Mugihe cyo kongera kubyara, uruhu rwarwo ruhinduka umutuku mwinshi, igihe gisigaye gifite igicucu cyijimye. Abagore ni ba nyir'umukara wijimye hamwe ningingo zeru.
• SOMALI Ostrich. Bamwe mu bahanga n'abashakashatsi bayitanga mu moko yitandukanye kubera kwigunga kw'imyororokere, bagaragazwa n'isesengura rya ADN. Abanyasomali ostrich igitsina gore bahora ari nini kuruta abagabo. Uburemere bwabo bugera kuri kg 150, no gukura kwa metero 2.5. Ibara ryuruhu rwabagabo ni bluish-gray, nabagore batandukanijwe namababa yijimye.
• Amajyepfo ya Ostrich. Kutugira ibara ryijimye kandi ryumukara wumukara. Aho ituro ni yagutse: Namibiya, Zambiya, Angola.

Aho bisanzwe

Ukurikije ubutabazi, aho utuye ostrich ya Afrika irahinduka. Kenshi na kenshi, amababa agerageza gushaka ibintu bisanzwe bikurikira mubuzima:

• Savannah. Ostrichs kubera ibintu byayo bisanzwe kandi hakenewe kugenda byihuse ahitamo savannes nahantu aho biti. Ikibaya nikintu cyiza cyo gukomeza ubwoko bwimirire. Ku bihugu byorose, inyamaswa zose ni nziza cyane, harimo inyamanswa. Kubwibyo, mugihe habaye akaga, ostriches irashobora koherezwa mbere.
• Igice. Mugihe cyo kubaga amagi, itsinda rya ostrich yo muri Afrika rishobora kuboneka aho. Ariko, ntibatuye mu butayu bwa Sahara. Kuberako nubwoko nk'ubwo bw'umucanga kuko inyoni iragoye kuyiyobora, ziba ngombwa kuri bo. Uburyo bwiza bwo kubaho buzaba ubutayu-ubutayu hamwe nisi ikomeye nibihuru bito.

Hariho uduce tugerageza kurenga uruhande rwa ostricice ni ahanini ahantu h'ibishanga n'ibiti by'imbuto n'ibiti, ubutayu hamwe n'umusenyi munini.

Abanzi karemano

Ostrich muri kamere ifite abanzi benshi batandukanye. Reba mu buryo burambuye uburyo akaga gakomeye kandi kenshi batwara:

• Inyamanswa. Ibi ni impyisi, ingunzu n'inyoni, abateye kandi bangiza ibyari byabo bifite inkoko zitagira kirengera. Niyo mpamvu mugihe cyo kwiyongera no gukura kw'inkoko, abaturage bo muri ostriches nyafurika ni ibyangiritse cyane. Ariko urubyaro rushobora guhunga akaga ku ya 30 Nyakanga nyuma yo kuvuka. Gusa inyamanswa nini gusa zibazwa kubantu bakuru: intare, ingwe, ingwe, imiseri. Ariko ostriches ifite uburyo bwiza bwo kurinda, inyamaswa zibanga zitanga igitero witonze.
• Abashimusi. Batwara ibyangiritse cyane byabaturage. Abahigi bica amashyo yose, abantu bagera kuri 30-80. Bagurisha mu buryo butemewe n'uruhu, amababa, inyama, amagi ya rally. Uburyo bwo kurwana na Bashice ubu - ubwo bwororoka abantu mumurima kugirango babone inyungu zose amatungo yakuze bidasanzwe, ntabwo ava mu iyicwa ryinyoni zose.
• Ba mukerarugendo. Kuri bo, ni imyidagaduro gusa, bityo bishimira guhiga inyoni ziva muri kajugujugu. Biragoye kurwana nabo kandi imbaraga zabujije koherezwa mu mahanga ubwo aribwo bwose bwibicuruzwa biva mu gihugu.

Umuntu afite akaga gakomeye kumurima wa Afrika. Nubwo amashusho, umuvuduko mwinshi, ingingo zikomeye n'ubucucike bw'amagi, abantu babonye uburyo bwo gusenya abantu ku nyungu zabo bwite.

Imirire ya ostrichs yo muri Afrika

Ostrich ifite indyo itandukanye. Barashobora kurya ibyatsi, amashami, imizi, ibimera nindabyo. Ariko ntibazangwa mu mbeba nto, ibisigisigi by'ifunguro ryangiza, udukoko.

Kubera ko inyoni idafite amenyo, yamihaga amabuye make kugirango ibiryo bimenenwe neza mu gifu.

Izi nyoni zirashobora kuvama idafite amazi kuva kera, kandi zitanga ubushuhe mubimera. Ariko, mugihe washinze ikigega, ikoresha ubushobozi bwayo ntabwo igenda gusa, ahubwo iranagera.

Abaturage n'imiterere yurupapuro

Mu binyejana byashize, abafana ba Ostrich bakunzwe cyane, nuko abaturage baragabanutse cyane. Ariko tubikesheje ubworozi bwubukorikori, ubu bwoko bwashoboye kuzigama kuva kubura.

Noneho ostrich yo muri Afrika yanditswe mugitabo gitukura bitewe nuko umubare wamatungo mubushake ugabanuka vuba. Ibi bigira ingaruka kumihanda mishya, inyubako, abahigi ndetse nabantu basanzwe bizera ko inyama za ostrich zishobora kuvura diyabete.

Kwororoka no Kwizera

Mbere yo gutera amagi, umugabo ubwayo akuramo umwobo. Umukobwa munini wumukumbi yihuta amagi yose iminsi 40. Yishora muri iyi minsi yose, imyigaragambyo yo kurya no gutoteza inkoni nto. Mwijoro, igitsina gabo cyicaye kumagi.

Umugore umwe arashobora gusubika amagi agera kuri 10. Amagi ya ostrich niyo manini kwisi. Ibiro byayo ni 1.5-2 kg, kandi muburebure ni cm 15.

Nyuma yiminsi 40 inkoko. Iyi nzira ifata isaha imwe. Isenya igikonoshwa hamwe numutwe. Niba udusimba tuvuye ku rubyaro rudashobora kugaragara, noneho umugore ubwayo afungura amagi. Nzapima 1 kg ipima, hita ihita itangira kubona, kugira fluff. Iminsi 30, barashobora kwiruka vuba.

Uburemere bwa Ostrich buhinduka kg 25 mumezi atandatu nyuma yo kuvuka. Nyuma yimyaka 2, abagabo bitwikiriye amababa yirabura, mbere yuko bose bakunda igitsina gore. Iterambere ryabo rirangwa na gahunda gahoro gahoro kandi buhoro. Cyane cyane igihe kirekire batezimbere plumage.

Icyizere ntarengwa cyubuzima bwa ostrich ni imyaka igera kuri 80, ariko benshi muribo babaho 35-40.

Ubusobanuro bwubukungu

Abantu bakora ibirimo no kororoka kwizi nyoni kugirango babone uruhu ninyama. Iya kabiri ifite agaciro muri ko mu bigize ibigize. Mubyongeyeho, urashobora kubona amababa n'amagi.

Imirima myinshi iherereye muri Afrika, ariko n'ibihugu bikonje bimaze kwishora muri ubu bukorikori. Tuzasesengura mu buryo burambuye kuruta amabuye y'agaciro:

• Inyama. Yibutsa cyane inyama z'inka n'amavuta make. Inyama za ostrich nuburyohe cyane kuri iyi si, ijanisha rya cholesterol muri ni rito cyane. Urashobora kwagura misa ya ostrich, urashobora kubishoboza ibiryo byatsi bihendutse kandi ibyatsi, hanyuma ukava kuri kg 40 yinyama zumuntu. Nibyiza cyane kuruta kubamo ingurube zigomba kurya ibiryo bihenze.
• Uruhu. Muruhu rwa ostrich rukorwa mubisabwa, uruhu rwingirakamaro kandi ruhenze, rutari munsi yingona yuruhu mubwiza. Ku myaka ya ostrich, uruhu rwiza, rutagifite umwanya wo kwangirika.
• Amababa. Kuva kera, plumage yinyoni yishimiye cyane mubagore. Muri ibyo, ibintu byiza byakorewe. Akenshi amababa yakoreshejwe nk'ibihe by'ishushanya ry'ibyishimo mu ngofero y'ingofero, kubera ko amaheta yose yarimbuwe.
• Amagi. Agaciro k'ingufu z'igituba ni 118 kcal ku 100 g y'ibicuruzwa. Ntabwo bitandukanye cyane nigibwa yinkoko. Amagi yose arahagije, kugirango abantu 11 bameze.
• Ibindi bicuruzwa. Abahanga bo mu isi y'ubuvuzi bashyira ubushakashatsi ku tubari. Ibinure bikoreshwa mubicuruzwa byo kwisiga, kurugero, mumafaranga avanwaho iminkanyari no mu ruhu rworoshye.

Ubusobanuro bwubukungu bwinyoni ni bwinshi, barashobora kuzana inyungu nyinshi. Duhereye ku bukungu, ibirimo ni ingemba n'uburimbuke. Yagerageje inyama n'amagi ya ostrich? Ukora ute? Biraryoshe cyane, bitandukanye cyane nizindi nyoni 0% zagerageje (LA), ntakintu kidasanzwe 0% ntabwo cyagerageje (LA) kwerekana ibisubizo byatowe: 2

Ikigereranyo cya ostrich yo muri Afrika

Bizwi cyane ko kugerageza kwangiza imbunda nyafurika yabaye mu bihe byashize muri Egiputa ya kera. Ariko, mu kinyejana cya 19 gusa umurima wa mbere wafunguye, wari uherereye muri Amerika. Nyuma yibyo, imirima ya ostrich yabaye hafi kwisi yose. Noneho barangwa mubihugu birenga 50 byisi.

Inyoni zirashobora kumenyera vuba ikirere kibi, nubwo bakomoka muri Afrika. Ntabwo bizabagora kwimura impamyabukire 30, ariko ibitonyanga byubushyuhe, ibitombo hamwe na shelegi bitose kuri inyoni bikora cyane, kubwibyo barashobora kurwara ndetse no kurimbuka.

Birashoboka kurohama?

Ostrich - Inyoni nini kandi idasanzwe, ariko ikomeye kandi itanga. Kugira ngo inyoni yorohewe kubaho mu murima, ugomba kugira ibintu bikurikira:

• Hafi aho hagomba kubaho intanga mvuka ya kaseni aho ibimera bitandukanye bizaba bimera;
• Kubaho kw'inzu y'inkoko ishyushye, kubera ko amabuye yo Kumaswa ku rukundo rushyushye rw'ikirere, nubwo nubwo kwihangana;
• Ku mugabo umwe, birakenewe kubamo igitsina gore 3-4, kubera ibi, imyororokere yabo ikwiye iremewe.

Ni ngombwa guhangana ninyoni witonze kandi witonze, kuko bashobora kwitwara nabi mugihe cyubusabane bwo gushyingirwa, kurinda inkoko zabo n'amagi.

Ubworozi bwa ostrich yo muri Afrika murashobora kubisanga muri videwo:

Kurinda ubwoko

Ostrich yari akeneye ibirori bikomeye kandi bikomeye byumutekano. Ishirahamwe rikora na Sugara ryahisemo gushishikariza abantu gufasha gukiza abaturage no gusubiza ostrich kubushake. Uyu munsi, ikigega cya Sahara kimaze kugera ku ntsinzi zitandukanye mu kurengera ostrich yo muri Afurika.

Isosiyete yagaragaje mu rwego rwo kwemeza ingamba zimwe mu iyubakwa rya pepiniyeri, bagishije inama inzobere ku nsanganyamatsiko yo kubyara inyoni mu bunyage. Ubufasha bukomeye bwahawe imwe muri pariki mubworozi bwa ostrich.

Yaremye pepiniyeri mumudugudu nyafurika nibisabwa byose bikenewe mu burasirazuba. Gushyigikira abategetsi byafashije kuvana inyoni z'inyoni mu turere turinzwe no kubarekura ibigega kugira ngo bakomeze ubuzima bwabo mu buturo busanzwe, ubuntu.

Bitewe n'ingamba zafashwe kugira ngo zirinde inyoni, birashoboka kwirinda iterambere ryiza ryo gutoroka no gukomeza abaturage.

Ostrich - inyoni idasanzwe muburyo bwe. Afite inkuru nini, ikwiriye ubuhinzi kandi ntikeneye amacumbi menshi. Abahinzi benshi banyuzwe n'icyemezo cyo gutangira kubyara imbuni, kuko bahabwa inyungu nyinshi muri bo.