Iyo nta bahuza mu gucuruza, abitabiriye amahugurwa barashobora gushuka undi. Muri Blearchain, ikibazo kirakemurwa ukoresheje amababa akomeye yimibare yatunganijwe.
Mubikoresho tuzakubwira uwaremye kandi akagenzura ibice murwego rwo kuzimya. Uziga uburyo umuntu ahuza ibitekerezo byemeza umutekano wiki gikorwa.
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- Ni izihe ntego na imirimo ihuye na blokcha
Ibuka ibitekerezo byibanze
- Urusobe rwurungano numuyoboro aho hantu hakorana hamwe nta muhuza.
- Blearchain ni ubwoko bwurusobe rwurungano rwurungano, urunigi rwibikorwa.
- Guhagarika - imiterere yihariye yo gufata amajwi.
- Gucuruza - Kwinjira ku mpinduka mumitungo.
Kutizerana muri blowchain
Kubera ko nta seriveri ihari, ongeraho kandi urebe amakuru kubakoresha ubwabo. Muri icyo gihe, buri wese mu bitabiriye amahugurwa arashobora kwirukana inyungu ze bwite kwangiza umutekano wa blearchain. Kuva hano hari ikibazo cyo kutizera abitabiriye. Kugirango ugirire intege, abanyamabanga ba Algorithms bakoreshwa, bazaganirwaho kurushaho.Tekereza ko hari umutungo wawe, undi mukoresha uhagaze yizera ko atari. Hatabayeho kwivanga, biragoye guhitamo ubuhe burenganzira bubiri. Birakenewe guhitamo mubakoresha ababigenzura kandi bongereho gusa. Abakoresha nkabo bitwa abacukuzi.
Abashitsi - abitabiriye amahugurwa basezeranye kurema ibibanza bishya hamwe na cheque yubucuruzi.
Kugirango utegure ibikorwa byiza byabacukuzi, birakenewe kubyemera, uzaba nuburyo bazakora akazi kabo. Iki nikikorwa kitoroshye, kuko ugomba kuzana ayo mategeko nkaya, bizagirira akamaro kwizihiza abacukuzi kuruta ukomeneka. Uru nurugero rwiza rwibikorwa byumukino wimikino: Nigute wahitamo ingamba zizaba nziza kubitabiriye inyungu zitandukanye.
Igikorwa nk'iki cyateguwe kandi cyakemuwe n'abafite imibare mu kinyejana gishize. Noneho iki gisubizo gitanga umutekano haba mubujura no mubuhanga bugoye. Kugira ngo wumve uburyo abakora bashinzwe kutabangamira inyungu zabo, tekereza kuri iki gikorwa.
Igikorwa cya Byzantine Jenerali
Mu kiganiro cya siyansi 1982, ikibazo cyumvikana cyateguwe. Yerekana ikibazo cyo gushyikirana imiyoboro yurungano rwurungano ruganira nyuma yintambwe ikurikira. Nkigereranyo kimwe, Byzantium yakoreshejwe - igihugu cya kera gikabije gifite ingabo nyinshi zigenga. Niyo mpamvu izina - umurimo wa Byzantine abajenerali.
Igikorwa kibaho mugihe cyo kugota umujyi wingabo za Byzantine. Mwijoro, abalejiyo baturutse impande zitandukanye bazengurutse umujyi. Abajenerali ba buri legiyoni bategereje gahunda ya komanda-mukuru. Amahitamo yo gutumiza: "Igitero" cyangwa "Umwiherero".
Indwara ya mbere yumurimo - Ingoma igabanuka. Muri rusange abajenerali ndetse n'umuyobozi mukuru barashobora kuba abagambanyi ba Byzantium bashishikajwe no gutsindwa. Abajenerali bakeneye gufatwa nkutemerera ibisubizo bitameze neza. Muri rusange, ibizava ku rugamba:
Ibisubizo byiza. Niba ibitero byose byajejwe - Byzantium arimbura umwanzi.
Ibisubizo Hagati. Niba abajenerali bose bazasubira inyuma - Byzantia azagumana ingabo zabo.
Ibisubizo bitameze neza. Niba abajenerali bamwe batewe, kandi bamwe bazasubira inyuma - umwanzi amaherezo asenya ingabo zose za Byzantium mu bice.
Niba buri Muryango mukuru azakora ubushishozi, noneho birashoboka ko ibisubizo byiza ari bike. Kubwibyo, abajenerali bakeneye guhana amakuru hagati yabo kugirango baze kumuti umwe.
Imyidagaduro ya kabiri mugikorwa nukubura umuyoboro wimisere yizewe hagati yabasaza. Nubwo nta bagambanyi mu jenerali, amakuru ashobora kuba ibinyoma. Kurugero, ubutumwa buzatinda cyangwa gufata. Ibi bihe bizatera urujijo abandi bajenerali n'icyemezo kitari cyo kizakorwa. Mubihe nkibi, ugomba guteza imbere ingamba zihujwe nibikorwa bizaba byiza kuri bose muri rusange.
Imibare yerekanye ko buri gihe bishoboka kubona igisubizo muriki gikorwa, niba abajenerali nyabo barenga bibiri bya gatatu byu wose. Muri sisitemu zitandukanye, umurimo urashobora gukemurwa muburyo butandukanye.
Byzantine amakosa yo kwihanganira - ubushobozi bwurusobe kugirango ukomeze gukora, kabone niyo bimwe mumiti yanze cyangwa bikora nabi. Muyandi magambo, uyu mutungo wurusobe aho umurimo wa Byzantine wakemutse.
Byzantine kwihanganira birakenewe muri sisitemu yindege yindege, ku mashanyarazi ya kirimbuzi kandi mubyukuri muri sisitemu iyo ari yo yose, ibikorwa biterwa nibisubizo byimirimo myinshi ya sensor. Ndetse spacex ibona ko ari ibishoboka byose kuri sisitemu zayo.
Niba iki gikorwa ari ugukoreshwa muburyo bwo guhagarika, noneho abajenerali ni abacukuzi. Bagomba kubyemera no kumenya ibikorwa nyabyo kugirango byaguye mumurongo. Iyi nzira yitwa ubwumvikane.
Kurugero, abacukuzi babona ko umukoresha umwe ashaka kohereza Bitcoins. Umucamanza wa mbere yizera ko transaction igomba kwemezwa. Abakekwaho icyaha cya kabiri ko iki gikorwa gitanga igitero. Uwa gatatu yahagaritswe na net kandi ntiyagenzuye ibikorwa. Fata igisubizo kimwe hanyuma uze bwumvikane.
Kubera ko umurimo wa Byzantine urwaye ibisubizo byinshi, noneho ibice bitandukanye bigera kuri Byzantine kwihanganira ukoresheje abantu batandukanye ba Algongithms. Reba byinshi bikunze kugaragara.
Algorithms Yumvikane
Guhagarika imirimo hashingiwe kumurongo watanzwe. Nta kigo na kimwe gisaba uyu muyoboro. Kugirango utegure imikorere yumutekano wa blearchain, ugomba gushyikirana ninde uzaba mine kandi uko bizatera impande. Abami bashinzwe gukora ku mategeko asobanuwe neza yitwa kumvikanye algorithm.
Alegonsus algorithm nuburyo busobanura uburyo umuhuza watoranijwe mugituba kandi ukurikije amategeko atanga.
Kugira ngo wumve neza icyo ubwumvikane bukenewe muri sisitemu ya Blowchain, tekereza abapangayi ryinyubako. Ibishushanyo bikenewe kugirango basabane kandi bafate ibyemezo ku iterambere ry'inzu: Kusanya amafaranga kuri Clechaul, hitamo Ishirahamwe Ryara cyangwa hitamo inshingano. Hariho inzira eshatu zo gushyikirana - bitatu bitandukanye bitandukanye byumvikanye. Buri kimwe muri byo gishingiye ku moderi runaka y'imibare.
Icyemezo cyakazi (POW) ni algorithm kubimenyetso byakazi. Mainter irashobora guhinduka ikoti murugo. Gukora ibice bishya, bigomba gukoresha mudasobwa ye kugirango ukemure imirimo igoye.
Algorithm izasuzuma verisiyo yukuri ya blackchain imwe aho bibutse cyane. Kandi ibyinshi mubice byose bizaba muri verisiyo, kugirango irema abapangayi bamaranye ubushobozi bunini bwa mudasobwa. Uburyo bwa demokarasi cyane buraboneka: Niba 51% by'abacukuzi bemeza ko ibikorwa byo guhagarika aribyo bikaba ari byo kandi bizaba. Kubwibyo, urujinda ntishoboka hack.
Icyemezo cyimigabane (POS) ni algorithm kumugabane wagaragaye wa nyirubwite. Abafatanyabikorwa bahinduka abafite umutungo mwinshi muri Blearchain. Tuzagira abapangayi hamwe ninzu nini. Kandi mubyishimo bya Ethemic, kurugero, bizaba abakoresha bafite amaturo menshi ya Crypto. Hamwe niyi algorithm, ibiciro byamashanyarazi ni bike, kubera ko ibyaremwe byahagaritswe muri Blearchain ntibigisaba gukemura imirimo igoye. Uko umugabane wawe mumyanda, niko uzarushaho gukora ibice bishya.
Iburyo bwa Blearchain, kimwe mubimenyetso byakazi, bizafatwa nkibyo bihagarika cyane. Ariko gihamya yimigabane ntishobora kwitwa demokarasi. Ibice byinshi bizarema abaturage benshi, ariko abapangayi bakize. Ariko, ndetse ni umutekano. Niba Majnem ari uw'inshi mu nzu, noneho bizahinduka bibi kuba.
Prof yubuyobozi (Poa) ni algorithm yibimenyetso bya kantu. Birashoboka ko abapangayi bateraniye bahitamo ko hazabaho inzu imwe yo kurema ibice. Iyi algorithm ikwirakwizwa mu mwiherero, ifunze. Kurugero, birakwiriye rwose gucunga inzu yurugo kurugero rwacu.
Umucukuzi watowe ubwayo ahitamo verisiyo yukuri ya blearchain. Agomba kwimenyekanisha kugirango abahanga bose bamwizera. Niba mugihe kimwe abapangayi bazareka kuba ibijyanye nibisubizo bya Maneer, bazashobora guha undi. Umukeraruzi mushya azatangira kubaka urunigi rwayo, kandi umusinzi ushaje uzabaho ukundi. Inzira nkiyi yo muri blearchain yitwa Hardfko.
Aligorithms ni nyinshi. Guhora uhimbashya, ariko aba batatu nibikorwa bizwi cyane, igihe cyageragejwe kandi bikoreshwa kenshi.
Umwanzuro
Mu miyoboro iyo ari yo yose y'urungano, urungano rworoheje hagati y'abitabiriye amahugurwa. Mu bajijutse, abacukuzi bakemura iki kibazo. Aba ni abakoresha bagenzura ibikorwa hanyuma wongere gusa kubice bishya.
Ingingo ya 1982 isobanura inshingano ya Byzantine abajenerali. Byasobanuwe bwa mbere muri algorithm yukuntu umuyoboro ushobora gukomeza gukora, kabone niyo bamwe muri Node yahakanye cyangwa ngo bagirire nabi.
Mu rujijo, ubwoko butatu bwibintu bya arsonesus bikoreshwa:
- Icyemezo cyakazi (POW) ni algorithm kubimenyetso byakazi.
- Icyemezo cyimigabane (POS) ni algorithm kumugabane wagaragaye wa nyirubwite.
- Prof yubuyobozi (Poa) ni algorithm yibimenyetso bya kantu.