Virusi nibintu byinshi bya biologiya bibyara ikiruhuko kuri iyi si. N'umubare wa bagiteri, uzwi kandi ku mafarasi - virusi, kwanduza ingirabuzimafatizo za bagiteri na chiraley, nk'uko abahanga mu bya siyansi babivuga, ni ibice 1031. Bagira ingaruka zikomeye mumiryango microbial, bakora nka horizontal gene yihereza muri horizontal yahagaritse imirimo ifasha, igira akamaro muburyo bwa bagiteri-ingabo.
Abashakashatsi bamaze imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo bababaye ku buryo budashoboka uko bashaka, ariko, kubera kugaragara mu mikorere myiza, byashobokaga kumenya umubare utigeze ubaho. Rero, kuvumbura bitunguranye nuko ubwinshi bwa Fage akurikirana ntibushobora kwitirirwa na komite mpuzamahanga izwi na komite mpuzamahanga ya Commus tagilepory (ICTV).
Birazwi ko ibyiciro bigira ingaruka ku binyabuzima bitandukanye, kandi biha agaciro ko kubahiriza microbioma mu buzima bw'amara ku mibereho y'abantu, ubwitonzi bwatangiye kwitangira ku mibiri. Ubusumbane mu giteranyo cya bagiteri biganisha ku iterambere ry'indwara nyinshi ndetse n'ibihugu bigoye, nka allergie n'umubyibuho ukabije. Ariko, kugeza ubu, twari tuzi bike ugereranije nuruhare bagiteri yinyama na bagiteri zikina mubuzima nindwara zabantu.
Abahanga bo muri laboratoire hagati yakiriye na microbiota mu kigo cy'u Rwanda ndetse n'ubwami bukurikirana bwakozwe mu bwoko bwa virusi bwavumbuye mu maseti 2860 ya Genomes yakusanyijwe 28 Ibihugu bitandukanye mumigabane itandatu (Afrika, Aziya, Uburayi, Amerika y'Amajyaruguru na Amerika yepfo na Ocemia), na Genomes yonyine ya bagiteri, yazamuye muri iyi mbiri za bagiteri. Ibisubizo byimirimo yabo bitangwa mubinyamakuru.
Abahanga bavumbuye genomes 142.809 ibyiciro byijimye biba mu mara yumuntu, kuruta kimwe cya kabiri cyabantu bigeze bahura mbere. Virusi zitandukanye zagaragaye ko ari hejuru mu bwoko bwa bagiteri nka ferms. Muri icyo gihe, hafi 36% ya virusi ntizagarukiraga ubwoko bumwe, gukora imigenzo ya genes hagati ya phylogeneque itandukanye ya bagiteri zitandukanye.
Mu bihumbi icumi bya virusi, abahanga mu bya siyansi bagaragaje imiterere mishya ya kera hamwe n'ibiranga imiterere isa n'igituba isa na crackphaphape, yavumbuwe muri 2014 mu bwato bwibihugu byinshi. Iri tsinda ryanduye Grami-mbi ya bagiteri za bagiteri za bagiteri za bagiteri za bagiteri za banzeroidaceae yitwaga Gudafag. Kandi, nk'uko abahanga bavuga, we na crasphage - abakurambere basanzwe.
Ati: "Twabonye kandi gutandukana neza hagati y'ibice by'abatuye Amerika ya Ruguru, Uburayi na Aziya n'impanga zo muri Afurika no muri Amerika y'Epfo. Igishimishije, imiterere ya fagioma (urutonde rwibice byose bya phage genomes murugero. - Ref.) Ivuguruzanya nitandukaniro ryingenzi mubuzima bwumuntu. Imyandikire iboneka mu mijyi yari agamije bagiteri, ariko ntabwo ari kuri bagiteri z'umuryango wa Prevoteali, mu gihe mu cyaro cyabereye muri Peru, muri Tanzaniya, Madagasikari, Madagasikari na Fiji Hafi ya banyiri neza aho kuba bandaroides. " babwiwe.
Ku bwabo, ibisubizo byinshi bikomoka ku buryo bwo hejuru cyane-genomes of genime y'ibyiciro bya virusi - igice cya virusi cya Microbioma - kandi bizatuma bishoboka gusesengura ibidukikije n'ubwihindurize bwa bacteriopha.
"Igomba kwibukwa ko virusi zose zangiza: nibigize ibintu bigize urusobe rwinyuma. Ibyinshi muri virusi twahishuye bifite ADN nkibikoresho byimbaraga, ni ukuvuga, nka coronavirus, muri corovirus-cov-2 cyangwa virusi ya Zika, ni virusi. Icya kabiri, ingero zacu zabonetse ahanini n'abantu bafite ubuzima bwiza badafite indwara zihariye ".Abanditsi Der. Alexander Almeida, umwe mu banditsi bamenyerewe, ati:" Umwe mu banditsi bafite ubuzima bwiza badafite indwara zihariye. "
Inkomoko: Ubumenyi bwambaye ubusa