Ubwonko burimo hafi miliyari 86 zibouron zirimo guhuza miriyoni 100, cyangwa ibisige. Buri selile igira uruhare runaka, ifasha imitsi igenda, kumva icyo gicucu, gushiraho kwibuka nibindi byinshi. Kubera umubare w'abantu ba neurons n'amahuza, abahanga bigoye kumenya uko sisitemu itanga gutekereza cyangwa imyitwarire.
Noneho abahanga mu Buhanga muri Kolembiya bakoze uburyo bw'inzoga. Ikoresha uburyo bwa genetike ya "amabara" neurons ifite amabara ya fluorescent. Kandi kandi ku nshuro ya mbere yemerera abahanga kumenya byose neuron muri sisitemu y'inyamaswa. Kandi nanone urutonde rwa sisitemu yose ifite ubwoba mubikorwa.
Ku bushakashatsi, abahanga bashizeho gahunda ebyiri. Umuntu agaragaza neurons zose mumashusho yambaye amabara. Igishushanyo cya kabiri cyoroshye ibara ryakamaro kibagenewe ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bwingirabuzimafatizo cyangwa imyenda mumubiri iyo ari yo yose yemerera manipuline ya genetique. Abahanga mu bya siyansi bavuze ko uburyo bushobora gukoreshwa mu kwiyandikisha gusa, ahubwo no kumenya ko hariho genes zihariye muri kasho.
Ikipe yakoraga urukurikirane rw'ibigeragezo byagenze neza hamwe n'inyo ya Elegaya ya Caenobditis (C. Elegans). Bikoreshwa kenshi mubushakashatsi bwibinyabuzima. Abahanga bashoboye kumenya buri muntu wese neuron mu bwonko bw'ame. Ibisobanuro byakazi byasohotse mu kinyamakuru.
Umunditsi w'inyigisho yagize ati: "Igitangaje ni ugutegereza sisitemu y'imitsi yose kandi turebe icyo akora." Yongeyeho ko amashusho yaremye yatangajwe nitsinda: ahantu hahanamye amabara agaragara mumubiri winyo "Amatara ya Noheri mwijoro ryijimye."
Abashakashatsi bavuze ko intambwe yabo ishobora gutwikira vuba ibyo kuvumbura ko uburyo bushoboka. Mbere yo gutangaza mu kinyamakuru cy'akagari, Oliver Hobert na Eviaatar Yemini yarekuwe neuropal kubaturage ba siyansi. Abakozi babo bamaze kwerekana ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwerekana akamaro k'iki gikoresho.
Yemimini agira ati: "Ubushobozi bwo kumenya neurons cyangwa ubundi bwoko bw'akagari hakoreshejwe ibara burashobora gufasha abahanga kumva mu buryo bwere ko uruhare rwa buri gice cya sisitemu y'ibinyabuzima. Ati: "Niba rero hari ibitagenda neza muri sisitemu, irashobora gufasha kumenya aho gutsindira kwabaye."
Inkomoko: Ubumenyi bwambaye ubusa