Ku ya 11 Mutarama, washinze ishyaka ririkira rya Jeworujiya Bijina Ivanishvili yatangaje ko ubutumwa bwe bwarasohoye, kandi ava muri politiki ubuziraherezo. Muri icyo gihe, yagaragaje ko yizeye ko ubwitonzi bwe butazacogora, ariko, mu buryo bunyuranye, buzashimangira ishyaka. Yahamagaye ibyagezweho mu miterere ya politiki kugira ngo ane ku butegetsi bwa Perezida wahoze ari Perezida Mikhail Saakashvili na "IGIHUGU Y'IGIHUGU". Saakashvili ubwe ariko yizera ko Ivanishvili yagiye muri Amerika, kubera ko yateje inkunga ubukangurambaga bwo gutakaza Donald impanda kandi atinya ibihano guverinoma nshya i Washington. Ni iki gisobanura neza ko kugenda kwa IVANISHVili muri politiki n'uburyo bizahindura umushakashatsi w'imbere muri Repubulika, cyane cyane kuri Eurasia. Impuguke isebanya. Impuguke yarasebye umushakashatsi wakozwe na Minisiteri mpuzamahanga y'ububanyi n'amahanga y'Uburusiya, umutware Ikinyamakuru Mpuzamahanga Serivisi Sergey Expenononov
Kwegura ikimenyetso
Se-washinze ishyaka rya Jeworujiya Bidzina Ivanishvili yatangaje ko yita kuri politiki. Mu guhura na bagenzi be hamwe na bagenzi bacu, yagize ati: "Mu masomo ya politiki ariho muri iki gihe, ikipe y'ibipimo ni byiza rwose kandi bidasubirwaho. Nzi neza ko itsinda ryo muri aba bantu rizashobora gusimbuza akazi kanjye, ubutware n'ubuhanga. " Icyemezo cyo kuva mu mwanya w'umuyobozi w'ishyaka riri ku butegetsi, aherutse gutsinda icya gatatu mu matora ye, Ivanishvili yatowe n'imyaka ye: Ku ya 18 Gashyantare azizihiza Yubile ye 65.Ariko, ibisobanuro nkibi birimo imyanda runaka. Muri politiki yimyaka 65 - Ibi nimba niba atari muto, noneho rwose ntibisaza. Imibare myinshi ya leta muriki gihe igera gusa ku mpinga yakundwa kugirango itangire gushyira mubikorwa. Hagati aho, ivinishvili kugeza ku myaka 65 yashoboye kugera kuri byinshi nk'umucuruzi, kandi nk'umunyapolitiki.
Nyuma yo kwishyira hamwe kw'akabuntu byaremwe na we mu 2012 yatsindiye amatora y'abadepite, asiga inyuma yigihugu cyunze ubumwe bwa Perezida Mikhail ntabwo yazanye umutwe wa Jeworujiya ya Jeworija ya Jechosc avuye mu mukino, ariko nanone yamennye sisitemu y'imbaraga ye, ariko nayo yaremye. Ihuriro ry'ingabo za politiki ryaremwe na we ryahinduwe mu ishyaka, muri 2016 na 2020. yatsinzwe mugihe cy'ubukangurambaga.
Muri 2013 kandi muri 2018 Abanyapolitike bashyize imbere cyangwa bashyigikiye ababuranyi babaye abaperezida. Nubwo ubusobanuro bwiyi nyandiko muri Jeworujiya bugezweho ari buto, amatora ubwayo kugeza igihe kigumye mu gihugu cyose, cyari gifite akamaro kanini. Mubyukuri, babaye ibizamini kuri sisitemu ya IVISHVili, yatsinze neza, nubwo atari mubibazo runaka (cyane cyane muri 2018).
Ariko, kubijyanye na George Margvelashvili, inzira za politiki zumukuru wa leta watowe hamwe na nyiri igihugu nyirubwite. Ariko Jeworujiya arashobora kwishimira rwose kumenya politiki nkuyubona nkababyeyi basanzwe ba opposition: Ubu ni bwo buryo bwa Margvelashvili ubwe yasobanuye Credo.
Igihe cyose nyuma yo gusenyuka k'ubumwe bw'Abasoviyeti, muri Jeworujiya yigenga, nta mbaraga zashoboraga kugera ku bisubizo nkibi. Ariko kwita kuri ivinishvili muri politiki birenze kwakirwa muri politiki? Sisitemu izaremwe na we idafite umwubatsi? Hoba hariho impinduka muri politiki yububanyi n'amahanga ya Tbilisi?
Kuva Kurwanya Kuri Premieres na Boss by'Ishyaka
Ibisubizo kubibazo byavuzwe nibyiza gutangira kubiranga sisitemu ya IVANISHVili ubwayo. Ku bijyanye n'amarushanwa ya politiki, Jeworujiya, kurwanya amateka y'ibihugu byinshi nyuma ya Somaliya, biratandukanye cyane mu cyerekezo cyiza. Ibizava mu matora biragoye guhanura, amazina yose yinyamanswa hamwe na politiki ya politiki biragoye kwibuka nta mahugurwa yihariye, bigoye ahora bishoboka, ubukangurambaga bugera ku myigaragambyo ndetse na boycott yinteko ishinga amategeko. Muri icyo gihe, sisitemu y'amashanyarazi yasimbuye imyaka mirongo itatu yakuweho mucapiro gihoraho. Mugihe cyo gutegekwa gato kwa Zlowad gamsomakhurdia, kandi mugihe kinini cyane mububasha bwa Eduard shevarde na Sakashvili. Ariko, mumashyaka atavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi, agaciro k'umuntu umuyobozi ntigomba gukemurwa.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bushya bwazanye invishvili muriyi gakondo? Yatangiye inzira ye muri politiki nyuma y'umwuga watsinze. Ivanishvili yakoze ubwihindurize bugoye buturutse ku muyobozi wa opposition (ihuriro ry'amatora kuri nyiri igihugu nyirizina. Ku cyiciro cya mbere, inzozi za Jeworujiya (peculiar ya Saakashvili "Syndicate") yatsindiye amatora mu Nteko. Iyi ntsinzi yabereye inyuma yo kuvugurura itegeko nshinga, yatekerejwe na wahoze ari perezida kandi igamije gusohora imbaraga hagati y'inzego z'ingenzi. Hifashishijwe ubu buryo Saikashvili, asiga umwanya wa Perezida (kuguma muri uyu mwanya yagarukira ku itegeko nshinga afite amatora abiri) y'amatora y'abadepite yerekeza ku mutwe bityo akaguma ku butegetsi igihe kirekire.
Icyakora, mu 2012, yatakaje ubukangurambaga bw'amatora, kandi Inama y'Abaminisitiri yashinzwe na uwo bahanganye - ivinishvili. Jeworujiya yinjiye mu gihe cyo guhuza igihe ibiro bya perezida n'ibiro bya Minisitiri w'intebe bubana. Mu mwaka, intambwe nshya y'intebe intambwe ku ntambwe yakuruwe n'imbaraga zikomeye kuri we, isimbuza abacamanza, imitwe ya diplomasi, ubuyobozi bw'imiterere y'imbaraga n'abayishyigikiye. Muri 2013, ibiremwa bye Margvelashvili yatsindiye amatora ya perezida. Rero, ibigo byose bya Leta byingenzi byagenzurwaga na Ivanishvili, nyuma yaho ava ku ntebe y'uwakarengane kugeza muri Gicurasi 2018, ubwo yatorewe na Perezida w'inzozi za Jeworujiya, ubwo yatorewe ku mwanya wa mbere, mu gihe akomeje kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku cyemezo cy'ingenzi - gukora inzira. Ubu bwoko bwo gucunga igihugu nyuma yo muri Soviet Jeworujiya itaramenyekana.
Korstallsation "Inzozi"
Muri 2013-2016 Imyambarire ya "Inzozi za Jeworujiya" yabaye, kandi imyanya yayo yakomejwe mu gihugu no mu kibuga mpuzamahanga. Ubu bumwe bwahindutse ihuriro rinini ry'amatora, aho ingabo zidafite aho zishingiye kuri Sakashvili, mu birori monolithic. Igomba kwizirikana ko, kwibanda mu biganza byuzuye ubuyobozi, Ivanishvili yohereje ingabo zose ku guhezwa kurwanira.Umaze gufungurwa hafunguwe imanza enye zahoze ari perezida wa Saakashvili, hamwe n'abagenzi babo ba hafi (uwahoze ari Minisitiri w'intebe (wace Minisitiri w'intebe wa Gano Meno Metirabish, wayoboye Minisiteri y'ingabo Kandi imbere mu myaka itandukanye, uwahoze ari umuyobozi wa Tbilisi giga Udulava) yakatiwe igihano gitandukanye. Hafi ya Saakashvili uwahoze ari minisitiri w'ubutabera Zurab Ameishvili yatangajwe ko mpuzamahanga bashakishwa.
Rero, uwahoze ari umukuru w'igihugu kandi umubare w'abafatanyabikorwa be waranyeganyega mu mahanga, cyangwa ufite umudendezo. Mu buryo bwinshi, nicyo gisubizo cy'ibifuzo by'abatora bitanyuzwe no kunywa ihohoterwa ritakaza ubutegetsi. Muri icyo gihe, gutotezwa kw'abayobozi bigize igihugu bigize urwego ntibyari, benshi muri bo bakomeje ibikorwa rusange. Ishyaka ryagumanye imiterere idasanzwe y'ingabo zingenzi zitavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi bw'igihugu gifite amasano akomeye mu kibuga mpuzamahanga.
Muri 2016-2020 "Inzozi za Jeworujiya" zashimangiye umwanya wayo mu gufata ubwigenge bw'itegeko nshinga mu matora y'abadepite. Kandi muri icyo gihe, kuva 2018, hadukangurirwaga ku ruhame ibirori byatandukanijwe neza. Kwiyongera, Ibikorwa rusange byatangiye kubaho (impinga zabo zaguye ku cyitwa "Ijoro rya Gavrilov" mu mpeshyi ya 2019 ndetse no mu gihe cya 2019 - mu ntangiriro ya 2020, abantu barota " Itegeko Nshinga rishyigikira imbaraga zatavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi).
Ba uko bishoboka, umuburanyi yashoboye kwizirikana ikizamini na corosenike icyorezo cya coronasi, n'ibikorwa byo kugata ohereza oppot oppot opposition, no mu gitutu cyo hanze. Ntabwo ibintu byose biri i Washington na Bruxelles biteguye kwakira monopole mu nzozi za Jeworujiya muri politiki y'imbere ya Jeworujiya.
Ariko, igitutu cyabo cyari cyoroshye kwihanganira, kuko muri politiki yubuhanga Ivanishvili ntabwo yahinduye ibyingenzi byamubanjirije kandi akomeza amasomo yo kwishyira hamwe kwa Jeworujiya kugeza kuri Euro-Atlantike. Byongeye kandi, muri ubwo buryo, guverinoma ya Jeworujiya yageze ku ntsinzi runaka, nko gusinya amasezerano y'ubumwe n'Ubumwe bw'ishyirahamwe no kubona imiterere ya "umufatanyabikorwa wo kwinjira muri Tbilisi muri Euro- Inzego ya Atlantike ntabwo yateye imbere cyane.
Muri icyo gihe, Jeworujiya yahinduye ibyo yibanze mu gihe cya IVishvili, avuga ubucuti n'uburusiya, ariko nta kurekura "imirongo itukura" (ivuga imiterere ya Abkhazia na Ossetia yepfo). Amasomo yo guhuza ubusabane n'Uburusiya yatewe no gutsinda inzitizi muri Jeworujiya yerekeza mu nzira, hagamijwe kubona ko amakimbirane mu cyerekezo cy'Uburusiya ashobora gufunga iyi ngingo.
Byongeye kandi, kubera umubano usanzwe n'imibanire, kubuza ibicuruzwa bya Jeworuji ku isoko ry'Uburusiya byavanyweho. Yasunikishije iterambere ry'ubukungu muri Jeworujiya kandi rikomeza gukundwa kw'ishyaka riri ku butegetsi. Biracyahari gusa kwicuza kuba iyi modoka yahagaritswe muri 2019, ariko, "ijoro rya Gavrilov" ryashimangiye gusa intege nke zo mu buryo busanzwe bw'imikorere mike y'ibikorwa. Ibikurikira byagaragajwe ko IVANISHVili, kimwe nabamurwanyaga, ntabwo yiteguye ibiganiro bya politiki bya politiki na Moscou hanze y'ibisabwa mu kugaruka kwa Abkhazia na Ossetia yepfo.
Abayobozi bashya no mu maso hashaje?
Birashoboka cyane ko ishyaka riri ku butegetsi ryatumye mu nteko ishinga amategeko nyuma y'amatora ataha muri 2020, azayoborwa na Irakli w'imyaka 42 y'amavuko Kobahidze. Yari azi uburambe butari buke: Mu Gushyingo 2016 - Kamena 2019. Yari Perezida w'inteko ishinga amategeko y'igihugu ya Jeworujiya. Niwe wafatwagaho ivishvili akunzwe na Ivanishvili, yatuye mu nsanganyamatsiko irwanya inyuma y'ibyago bigaragambya nyuma ya "ijoro rya Gavrilov nyuma y '" ijoro rya Gavrilov ", ku buryo ku mwanya woroshye, kugarura umwanya wa kera.
Birasa nkigihe Kobahidze yaje. Ariko mbega ukuntu ivishvili yari afite agaciro gusiga politiki ya Jeworujiya? Ibibazo nkibi ntabwo bisa nabi. Ikigaragara ni uko yasezeranije umuyobozi utavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi mu buryo butemewe na Saakashvili ati: "Nyuma y'imyaka mike nzasiga politiki, kandi ndamutse mgarutse, gusa nk'ubutabikuru."
Kandi mubyukuri: mu Gushyingo 2013, mu mwaka nyuma yo gufata ubutegetsi, Ivanishvili yavuye mu gihugu cya politiki cya politiki. Yavuye mu mwanya wa minisitiri w'intebe kandi mu buryo bw'umugaragaro atigeze akora imyanya yemewe, nubwo ataba abatavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi. Byongeye kandi, yahinduye ibisubizo byose by'ingenzi byatanzwe n'abaminisitiri n'abaminisitiri.
Muri Gicurasi 2018, Umuremyi w'inzozi za Jeworujiya yatorewe kuba umuyobozi wacyo kandi asanzwe muri ubu buryo, amatora ya perezida, ndetse no kwiyamamaza kw'abadepite, warangije gutsinda abahagarariye Ishyaka rya guverinoma kandi na we yagenzurwaga. Rero, abamenyereye kwitaho no kugaruka kwa IVANISHVish muri politiki bimaze kuba. Kandi ntabwo ari ukuri ku isaha "x" ntazahitamo kumurika ibya kera kandi muburyo bumwe cyangwa ubundi kugira ngo yinjire mu bisobanuro bya Jeworujiya.
Ikibazo cyumvikana: Kuki uwashinze ishyaka riri ku butegetsi yafashe icyemezo cyo kugenda "hano na none"? Ikigaragara ni uko ibyavuye mu matora y'abadepite, nubwo inzozi za "Jeworujiya" zatsinze, ntibemerewe kwivuguruza cyane hagati y'abayobozi no kurwanywa, bigenwa na politiki y'imbere mu myaka ibiri ishize.
Abatavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi, nubwo kutumvikana imbere abayobozi bayo, ni imwe mu kwangwa mu nteko ishinga amategeko nshya. Hariho kugerageza kwerekana ubwato nka marat, nomination y "abantu bashya". Nubwo hamwe na kobahidze metaphor nkiyi isa cyane kuruta gushidikanya.
Kumenya imiterere ya Ivanishvili, biragoye kubigaragaza nkumwami wumwami. Birashoboka cyane, ingaruka zayo zo gufata ibyemezo zizakomeza, ariko ntizizakomera cyane. Rero, imbaraga no mugihugu, kandi kuri Arena yo hanze ishaka gutanga umushinga wo kuvugurura kugirango usohore ibintu. Ibiganiro n'umuryango w'abatavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi wanze kwigarurira intebe z'uyubashingira no gusaba ibyakozwe ku bisubizo by'itora, bitarinze ku ntsinzi, ariko imbaraga ntizihutisha kuyirara, ku buryo, ziteguye gukomeza. Ni muri urwo rwego, kwita kuri IVANISHVILI birashoboka cyane ko bizagereranywa nkubwumvikane. Kandi birashobora kugira ingaruka runaka, byibuze amayeri. Ariko ingamba nigikoresho gito kitari muri Jeworujiya gusa, ahubwo no mumwanya wose wanyuma-sovieti muri rusange.
Sergey Extenononov, Ukoresheje Umushakashatsi w'ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi mpuzamahanga bwa Minisiteri y'ububanyi n'amahanga w'Uburusiya, umwanditsi mukuru w'ikinyamakuru mpuzamahanga gisesengura