Ubwa mbere, manuveri y'inzibacyuho ya orbit hamwe na traetory yimuka yakoze ibyiringiro by'icyarabu byakoze ibyiringiro by'icyarabu ("Nadezhda" mucyarabu, al-amal). Inzira yamaze iminota 27, kandi iyo irangiye, igikoresho cyari rufite uruhare runini rwa Madamu Gravity. Bizamura amezi abiri yakurikiyeho kuri orbit ya elliptike hamwe nuburebure bwa kilometero ibihumbi 20-43 hejuru yumubumbe. Noneho ibyiringiro biri kuri orbit ndende - uburebure bwayo ntarengwa ni kilometero igihumbi gusa, kandi ahantu kure cyane birengeje imyaka ibihumbi 49 uva Mars.
Mu kibaho - ibikoresho bitatu bya siyansi byo kwiga imitungo ya The Martiniya ikirere. Bikimara kuba gahunda nyamukuru yubutumwa itangira, kuri buri minsi icyenda Imyitozo izakuraho burundu umubumbe wose utukura muburyo butandukanye bwo kumaraso (kugaragara, inkerale na ultraviolet). Ibi ntibiziga gusa muburyo burambuye ibiranga ibigize imiti ya gaze ya mars, ariko kandi kugirango dukurikirane impinduka zayo.
Ibyiringiro bya Probe byashyizweho mu bufatanye bwa hafi n'abahanga muri Uae hamwe n'inzobere z'Abanyamerika mu butumwa bw'iterabwoba. Inteko y'ibikoresho yakorewe muri laboratoire ya fiziki yo mu kirere no mu kirere (lask) ya kaminuza ya Colorado i Boulder. Igishimishije, ku ya 19 Nyakanga umwaka ushize, batangiye "ibyiringiro" mu Buyapani kuri etage ebyiri H-Iia.
Umusaruro wumwanya wambere wigihugu muri orbit ya Mars yari yuzuye muri UAE. Ku buso bwose bwa skyscralle "Burj-Khalifa" byateganijwe kubara neza kugeza igihe gitangira. Mugaragaza imwe yerekanaga imiterere yikipe mugihe cya feri (hamwe numunota wiminota 11, biragaragara). Nanone, portal Port.com yaranditse, mu kirere nijoro hejuru yamashusho yubutayu bwa satelite ebyiri za Mars - Phoos na Deimos bagaragaye.
Ubushinwa ni icya kabiri
Munsi yumunsi, manuuver isa yashyizeho ubutumwa "Tiawean-1" (Tiawen-1). Igizwe ako kanya ako kanya - urubuga rwo kugwa, imashini hamwe na module ya orbital, nayo ikora nk'igitugu. Ukurikije ibikoresho nk'ibi, turashobora kuvuga ku byifuzo bikomeye by'Ubushinwa bijyanye na Mars. Nibura, ikigo cyubwami bwo hagati kigiye gukora ibikorwa bitatu mugutezimbere ubundi buryo bwo kugerageza: gusohoka kuri orbit (bimaze gutsinda (gusiga byoroshye.
Kubera ko abagize ubutumwa butandukanye, ibikoresho byabo bya tekiniki bizatandukana. Imyaka itatu (hafi toni eshanu) "Tiawean-1" yafashe iminota 15 gusa yakazi koko afite imbaraga zirenze ibyiringiro, moteri kugirango igabanye nuburemere bwa Mars. Igisubizo cyabaye orbit gitandukanye rwose - hejuru-elliptique 400x1800 kilometero hamwe nigihe cyiminsi 10. Amezi iri imbere, ikipe ya gishinwa nacyo izagabanuka neza kandi ikashushanya ubuso bwisi.
Uburebure ntarengwa aho ubutumwa bugomba gukora ni kilometero 265 gusa. Mu mpeshyi, impuguke ziva mu kigo zigenzura zizabura ukuboko kwamanuka no kohereza itegeko ryo gutandukana kuri mashini. Biteganijwe ko module ya orbital izamara imyaka ibiri, kandi rover izakora amajoro 90 (iminsi ya Tetitwari). Hariho ibikoresho 13 bya siyansi ku bikoresho, muri byo birindwi bizaguma mu kirere, kandi bitandatu bizagenda ku mubumbe utukura.
Ubushinwa ntabwo bwa mbere bwo kugera kuri Mars: Kugerageza kubanza byarangiye gutsindwa mu ntangiriro yindege yagarutse muri 2011. Porogaramu ntoya "IINHO-1" (yinghuo-1) yagombaga kujya mu butumwa bwa pasiporo ku butumwa bw'Abarusiya "Phobos-Brunt". Ariko kubera kunanirwa kw'ibice byihuse, Module yimuka ntabwo yavuye ku isi orbit. Umushinga ukurikira wo kwiga umubumbe utukura inzobere mu Bushinwa zishyirwa mu bikorwa byuzuye wenyine, utabariye ubufasha ubwo aribwo bwose.
Inkomoko: Ubumenyi bwambaye ubusa