Mu bushakashatsi bushya bw'ikigo gishya cy'ikigo cy'ibihugu by'umubumbe (Ikigo cya siyansi yubumenyi), abahanga basesenguye kuboneka kwamata. Akazi katangajwe mubinyamakuru byasubiwemo kamere aghtronon. Ishingiye ku bisubizo byo gutoragura subsurface ikwirakwizwa ryamazi ya rubura (subsurface amazi ya ice, koga). Mu rwego rw'uyu mushinga munini, amakuru yagereranije amakuru ya rimwe n'ibikoresho bitanu bya siyansi bishyirwa ku ngambo eshatu: Mars Reconzoisance Ordible yashyizwe ku kibanza bitatu: Mars Reconzoisance CEBESCRAFIAL: Mars Orysey igerageza, Mars Odyssey na Marssing School.
Abasohoka mu musinzi b'Abanyamerika bashushanyijeho imyanzuro yabo hamwe nikarita yerekana amashusho yisi ya Mars, aho uturere twa permafrost hamwe no gukwirakwiza urubura rwamazi hafi ya ekwateri. Muri iyi mirimo yeguriwe iki gikorwa, ingingo yerekeye urubuga rwa Nasa nziza yo kugwa mu bucuruzi bw'ikigereranyo bugereranywa n'isi Uburayi na Amerika y'Amajyaruguru. Muri utwo turere, ibibaya byinshi bya Arcadia platitia na deciansilus mensae - ahantu fatizo birashobora kuba byiza. Hano haraha n'izuba rihagije, n'amazi munsi yubutaka buto.
Kuki urubura rufungiye ubutumwa bwabagabo
Amazi nibyingenzi icyarimwe kubwimpamvu nyinshi. Ubwa mbere, ni hafi yo gushonga no kongera gukonjesha, abahanga bafite amahirwe menshi yo kuvumbura niba atari ukubaho mubuzima muri iki gihe, hanyuma nibura ibimenyetso byayo ugereranije. Icya kabiri, amazi arakenewe nabapfumu ubwabo, kuko ari abantu bagapfa niba batanywa, ndetse no guhinga ibiryo. Hanyuma, icya gatatu, birashobora kugabanywamo ogisijeni na hydrogen kugirango ukoreshe umwuka wa lisansi wo gusubira murugo - hasi.
Niba dukuramo intego yubumenyi yakunzwe ni ugushakisha ubuzima budasanzwe, agaciro gafatika k'amazi ni hejuru cyane. Kubitwara hamwe nabyo, na lisansi kugirango hakemure ibikorwa byingenzi abakozi bakoreshejwe cyane. Kubwibyo, ubushakashatsi bwigihugu cyigihugu nubushakashatsi bwubushakashatsi (NASA) muburyo bwose buboneka bwizwe no gukwirakwiza urubura munsi ya Mars. Ibindi byose, urubura rwamazi, kuko muri dioxyde de carbone kuri lenet itukura. Ariko uwanyuma ni manini mumashanyarazi ya polar, hamwe nimpande zimenyerewe h2o zibaho n'amajyepfo.
Mubyukuri, gutegura ejo hazaza habonetse ubutumwa hejuru yumubumbe utukura, bagomba guhitamo hagati yibyingenzi mugihe uhitamo urubuga. Andi majyaruguru - birashoboka cyane. Hafi ya ekwateri - Itara ryinshi, bityo imbaraga nubushyuhe, ariko amazi make. Amajyepfo yisi ya Mars ntabwo afatwa nkintego yo gutembera hamwe nabantu mubwabo: hariho amazi make, kandi kugwa hazabaho bimwe bigoye hano. Inyongera yongeyeho latitude nkeya ni ikirere kijimye, gifite akamaro ko gufatanya nini cyane gutera hamwe na module hamwe. Kandi ikirere cya Martiya kiri kito cyane, kandi imyumvire yayo irashobora kuba ingirakamaro mugaciro ugereranije.
Urashobora gupakira amavalisi?
Kubwamahirwe oya. Ikarita yakozwe nabashitsi ntabwo ihagije neza. Nibyo, bizatubera ubufasha bwiza kubishushanyo rusange byubutumwa bwabajitabili, ariko ahantu nyaburanga hashobora kumenyekana. Ikibazo nuko cyoherejwe mbere yubururu bwa orbital itukura ntabwo yari ifite ibikoresho byabikoresho neza kugirango ushakishe urubura rwa subsurface. Bose batwaye ibikoresho byabo bigenewe byinshi cyangwa intego zifunganye. Kurugero, gushushanya imikino cyangwa gushakisha hydrogen.
Gukora iyi karita, inzobere bakoraga kuri koga zagombaga kugereranya ibice bitanu byamakuru icyarimwe. Kandi wizeye imbere ya barafu munsi yubutaka bashoboraga kuba mugihe aya makuru menshi yemeye. Noneho turashobora kuvuga gusa muburyo butandukanye, ubujyakuzimu bwirafu iva muri santimetero eshatu kugeza kuri eshanu kugeza kuri metero 900-1100. Kandi ayo turere dukomeye amazi akwirakwizwa mu majyaruguru y'isi, kandi ibipimo byabo birazwi ahubwo hafi.
Mu minsi ya vuba, NASA, hamwe n'abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga, bazishimira ibyifuzo by'ubutumwa bwa Mars mpuzamahanga ya Mars. Iyi probe izayoborwa cyane cyane gushakisha urubura rwamazi. Kandi hamwe no guhuza umushinga, ingorane zirashobora kuvuka: ntabwo abahanga bose basangiye ishyaka ryindege za Markshanautsts kuri Mars. Ntibashaka kumarana ingengo yimari ya porogaramu, intego nyamukuru izategurwa kubutumwa bubi, aho kuba ubundi bushakashatsi.
Inkomoko: Ubumenyi bwambaye ubusa