Muri 2020, igitabo cy'umwanditsi w'Abanyamerika n'umunyamakuru Anna Norz byavuzwe ("Kugabanuka") ku byerekeye umukobwa w'umubyaza, uhatirwa kongera guhungira mu burengerazuba kandi akagerageza kugaragariza abantu bose Abagore batabyara ntabwo ari umurozi.
Mu nyandiko kugira ngo umwanzi mukuru, umwanditsi yavuze uburyo imyumvire ye ku nsanganyamatsiko y'insanganyamatsiko y'umwana yahindutse nyina ubwe abaye nyina. Dutangaza ubusobanuro bwiyi nyandiko.
Ivuka ry'umwana mu kinyejana cya cumi n'icyenda byari ubucuruzi bwo guteza akaga. Abagore benshi baguye bafite umuriro wa nyuma - ubwandu bwa nyababyeyi, bushobora kuganisha kuri Sepsi n'urupfu. Abandi barashobora kumererwa cyane kuva amaraso menshi mugihe cyo kubyara, nabwo yahitanye ubuzima bwamavuko nyinshi.
Bamwe bagombaga kugerageza Eclampsia - imiterere yiyongera cyane kumuvuduko wamaraso bishobora gutera ubwoba. Mu 1900, abagore batandatu n'icyenda bapfuye bafite abagore batandatu cyangwa icyenda (kandi ibi ni inshuro 30 ugereranije) kuva mumyaka igihumbi yo kubyara mugihe cyo kubyara cyangwa nyuma yo kurangira.
Nize ibyo bintu byose igihe natangiraga gukusanya ibikoresho by'ubutagatifu "(bivuzwe) - muri yo mvuga amateka y'umusaza, mu 1894 yahunze mu burengerazuba bwa Amerika. Nari nkeneye kumenya uko kwibagirwa na bundicologiya yicyo gihe.
Ubwa mbere nasomye ku mateka y'igice cya Cesarwan - ibikorwa, kugeza ku ya 1880 mu Burayi byatumye habaho ibisubizo byica, nubwo batangiye kubikora mu kinyejana cya kabiri.
Namenye uburyo abantu 1670 babayeho kandi Dr. Imvura yavugaga ko ibaho, ishyiraho inkwavu zaho nyuma yo gushyikirana) na mu gaboji ya yang swamertam (wakundaga gutembera hamwe na nyababyeyi ya muntu kandi Ibindi "bintu bya anatomiya y'imyanya ndangagitsina").
Nize ibigize urubyaro rwa mbere kubana, mu kinyejana cya cumi na karindwi kugeza kuri cumi na karindwi akenshi rwari rufite imigati yuzuye umutsima, kandi bakaba basunitse abana bava mu mazi adasanzwe (bibabaje, byaragoye kumeneka, bityo biragoye kumeneka, bityo biragoye kumeneka, bityo biragoye kumeneka, bityo biragoye kumeneka, bityo biragoye kumeneka, bityo biragoye kumeneka, bityo biragoye kumeneka, bityo biragoye kumeneka, bityo biragoye kumeneka, bityo biragoye kumeneka, bityo biragoye kumeneka, bityo biragoye kumeneka, bityo biragoye kumeneka, bityo biragoye kumeneka, bityo biragoye kumeneka, bityo biragoye kumeneka, bityo biragoye kumesa, bityo biragoye gukusanya aho).
Amenshi muri aya makuru yaranshimishije. Mu bintu bimwe na bimwe, birumvikana kose, ariko muri rusange sinshobora kuvuga ko ikintu cyangizeho amarangamutima. Mfite ibyo bikoresho byose, natangiye kwandika inkuru ivuga kumunsi wiminsi myinshi, episiotomy yamaraso, urupfu rwamaraso no kubyara, kandi, nubwo nagerageje kwandika mfite impuhwe kubagore bahatiwe kubaho ibi byose, iyi nzira ntiyahatira kubaho njye, kandi rwose nakomeje gusinzira. Nanditse kubyerekeye uburambe bwabo nkuko abanditsi bandika kubyerekeye uburambe bwabandi bantu batagomba kubaho ubwabo: gushyira mumyandiko, ariko ntibamenyekane hamwe ninyuguti.
Hanyuma nabyaye umwana.
Twagize amahirwe hamwe n'Umwana - haba ku mahame y'ikinyejana cya cumi n'icyenda, kandi dukurikije amahame agezweho. Urwego rwimfu zababyeyi no gupfa kwa bavutse, nubwo rwaragabanutse kuva 1900, ariko ayo makuba abaho uyu munsi. Kandi abazizizi benshi baracyahatirwa gutsinda uburyo bwo gubabaza episiototom cyangwa bahura nibindi bibazo nyuma yo kugarura, kugirango bakire nyuma bagomba kumara amezi cyangwa imyaka.
Nagize amahirwe - gutwita no kubyara no kubyara, kandi, kimwe n'umugore wera, ntabwo nagombaga guhangana n'ivanguramoko ry'inzego, kubera ko umuvuduko w'abagore b'Abanyamerika mu gihe cyo kubyara gisigaye cyane. Nubwo mfite ibibazo bijyanye nicyo societe yiteze kubagore nyuma yo kubyara (iki? Kugira ngo bahise basubira mu bihugu "bisanzwe, ivuka ry'umwana ntibyabaye ikintu cyahahamutse.
Ariko sinagishoboye kureba igitabo cyanjye nka mbere.
Narangije kurangiza verisiyo yambere iyo umuhungu wanjye yavutse. Kubindi gice nagombaga kumara amezi menshi. Icyo gihe cyo gutanga kirageze.
Nashoboraga kugira ingorane zikomeye zo kongera gusoma iki gice, aho nyina wa Arhie, umubyaza uzwi cyane, arimo yitegura kubyara kwe, yibuka umurwayi we wa nyuma wapfuye mugihe cy'abapfuye. Byari ngombwa cyane gusoma kuvuga impinja zapfuye nyuma yo kuvuka.
Mu gutwita kwayo ndetse no mu cyiciro cya mbere, nakomeje gutuza ndengakamere - bigaragara ko imisemburo imwe yahagaritse impungenge nabayeho imyaka mirongo. Ariko umuhungu wanjye akimara kuvuka, nasanze cyane ko mugihe cyo kubyara ntibushobora kugenda kugirango bitagenze neza.
Ukuri k'umuti mu kinyejana cya cumi n'icyenda, rimwe na rimwe byasaga naho byuzuye, mu buryo butunguranye byatihanganirwa rwose no gusobanukirwa.
Turashobora kuvuga, Nishimiye ko hafi ndangije igitabo mbere yuko umwana wanjye agaragara. Niba ngomba kwandika kubyerekeye akazi k'umubyaza nyuma yo kuvuka k'umuhungu, nshobora kuba mfite ikigeragezo cyo gukaranya akaga icyo gihe. Nubwo byari bigoye ko na none kugirango wongere usubize iyi page, ntabwo natinye.
Isiya yanjye yahinduye byinshi kuva nandika umushinga w'Igitabo. Noneho ndarakaye cyane. Njye mubi uburyo imitekerereze abantu bavuga ku kamaro ko gukomeza ubwoko n'uburyo bagabanya abagore mu mirimo yo kubyara. Niba abaganga b'abana basa inshuro nyinshi nyuma yo kuvuka, hanyuma abagore nyuma yo kubyara ni ubwambere kongera kujya kwa muganga ibyumweru bitandatu! Nubwo muri iki gihe bashobora kuba barabonye ibintu bibabaje mubuzima bwabo.
Uku mu ruhame hamwe nubushobozi bwumugore bwo kubyara ni abagore bakomeye kandi bafite imbuto, nabagore bahisemo kutabyara abana mumpamvu ibitekerezo.
Mumyaka myinshi napfutse insanganyamatsiko zijyanye nubuzima bwimyororokere nkumunyamakuru, nzi rero ibya stereotypes zose ntibyabanje. Ariko narayumvaga njyenyine igihe atwiteye yagaragaye kubandi - imico yanjye yari myinshi, ariko ibitekerezo byose byakuruwe numwana.
Ariko umuvandimwe yanteye urugomo gusa. Noneho ndumva uburyo societe yagombye kuba yaravuze ku bashaka kubyara. Muri kimwe mu bice by'igitabo cyanjye, byanditswe nyuma yo kuvuka k'Umwana, nsobanura ikigo gitwite n'abagore baza baza gukuramo inda, kandi abo bagore badashobora kumva impamvu badashobora gusama. Aha ni ahantu heza kandi hasukuye. Hano hari umusego wo kubyara. Hano buri mugore afite umwanya wo kugenda mugihe cyintambara.
Ariko icy'ingenzi nuko abantu bavugana nabagore kandi bafite ikibazo kuri bo, kandi atari imbere yabana babo gusa.
Natangiye gukorana nigitabo hamwe nubwenge bwubwenge kubyo kubyara aribyo. Kandi irangira - hamwe numva neza. Natangiye kwandika iki gitabo kuko nashakaga kumenya uko uburumbuke, ubudahangarwa, nuburyo bwimyororokere ku bagore buvuka. Kandi kumpera nashakaga kwiyumvisha uko iyi si yagombaga kuba - cyangwa byibuze umwanya umwe - aho abantu banyura mu gutwita, ibibazo byo kubyara, ingorane zimyororokere - zishobora kumenyera ko bikwiye.
Uracyasoma ku ngingo
