Mu ntangiriro za Gashyantare, Banki ya Deutsche yageneye miliyoni 192.5 z'amadolari kuri miliyoni ebyiri za Uzubek - Banki ya Xalq na Nkaka.
Birashimishije ariko, ntibishobora kuba amasezerano ubwabwo, ariko icyo gitekerezo banki y'Ubudage yatanze igisubizo cyayo:
Khrushchev, Gorbachev, KosyginRero, inguzanyo iriho kuri banki ya Uzubek yahindutse Amateka maremare ya politiki, yatangiye muri 2016, igihe Perezida wa Uzulandan Islamu apfuye, aho perezida wa Uzulandan yafashwe na Shavkat Mirziyev, ashyirwaho Shavkat Minziyev, mbere ya wahoze ari minisitiri w'igihugu , ndetse mbere na mbere - Hokim (Guverineri) wo mu karere ka Samarkand. Se wa perezida uriho yari umuganga n'umukuru w'ibinumbanyi by'Akarere, umukuru w'igihugu maze atangira umwuga we ufite umushakashatsi mu kigo cy'ubugwaneza ndetse no mu bihe by'agateganyo yabaye umufatanyabikorwa Porofeseri na Visi-Recteur kubikorwa byamasomo. Muri politiki, umukuru wa leta uzaza yagiye nyuma ya 1990.
Inama ya Shavkat Minzijev yatangiye ivugurura ryuzuye ryashoboye kugereranya na Khrushchev Thaw, hamwe na perestroika ya Gorbachev. Biragoye kuvuga ibyerekeye ivugurura muri make, kuko bikubiyemo ko ari byo byose ubuzima bwa politiki mbere yo gutangiza serivisi za Leta za elegitoronike, ivugurura rya posita, ubuvuzi n'ingabo. By the way, ibisobanuro byururimi rwa Uzbek muri Latin rwatangiye. Umukungugu w'ivugurura wa Shavkat Minziyev nasuzumwe n'izi "Indorerezi zo hanze" nka Perezida wa Biyelorusiya, Alexander Lukashenko, mu ntangiriro za Gashyantare yavuze kuri mugenzi we wa Uzbek:
Uwahoze ari perezida wa Kirigizisitani Oscar Akayev muri kimwe mu biganiro bye Shkolkat Mirziyev:
Akayev ndetse yavuze ko Perezida Perezida MURIYEV:
Kuraho ipamba idafite abaforomoMu buhinzi bwa Repubulika, yatangiye amaherezo gukuraho ibisigazwa by'Abasoviyeti (kandi icyarimwe hateganijwe ko igihugu cyose cyari muri Leta, ibyo igihugu cyose cyari muri Leta, abapangayi bose bamwakiriye, abapangayi bahawe igihugu Tegeka gutanga umusaruro runaka wipamba nintete, nabaturage benshi, harimo nabana, bakusanyaga ku gahato ku ipamba. Imirimo mpuzamahanga yateje ibirego byinshi mu mahanga, ndetse no kugerageza kwamagana ipamba ya Uzubek, ariko ubu imirimo mirimo y'agahato yatangiye kugabanuka: Abakozi ba Leta 96% batangiye kugabanuka: 96% by'abakozi bari ku iteraniro ry'ipamba muri 2020 bakoze mu bwisanzure, Ifishi y'abanyeshuri, abarimu, abaganga n'abaforomo bahagaze neza, umugabane w'abamwubatsi ba Patton bahatiwe gukora ni 33% munsi ya 2019.
Muri icyo gihe, kugura ubutaka buri gihe byemewe muri Uzubekisitani. Icy'ingenzi ni muri 2020 mu buhinzi bwa Repubulika gahunda y'itegeko rya Leta ryahagaritswe bwa mbere. Noneho abahinzi babonye amahirwe yo kugurisha ibicuruzwa aho bashaka, ariko ntabwo buri gihe bisobanura ubwisanzure ku bahinzi, kubera ko amasomo mashya yagaragaye mu rwego rw'ubuhinzi mu gihugu - yiswe. "Clusters", mubyukuri ubugome agro-ibigo, yubatse hafi yo gutunganya imishinga (byumwihariko, ipamba yazengurutse imyenda). Igice cy'ubutaka bw'Abahinzi cyagiye mu cluster, kandi ahantu hamwe nta mwanya uhari ko abahinzi badafite umwanya w'abahinzi basoza amasezerano n'amatsinda, kubera ko mubyukuri ari abaguzi bo mu buhinzi ibicuruzwa.
KwibohozaInzira imwe cyangwa ubundi, ubukungu bujya kumashanyarazi menshi. Mu Kwakira 2020, Perezida wa Uzubekisitani yashyize umukono ku kwikorera itegeko ryihuse, kandi umubare w'abaturage 62 uhuye n'imiryango 6 yo kubaka, ibigo 2 bya peteroli, ibirango bya mobile, n'ibindi Hariho ubutumwa bwa paki yimigabane ya tashkent semiconductor yigihingwa "Photon" ishaka gutanga abashoramari b'Uburusiya.
Hariho ivugurura ryigihe kirekire; Ibipimo byimisoro myinshi bimaze kugabanuka: umusoro winjira - kuva 14% kugeza 12%, umusoro ku mutungo - uva kuri 5%, abayobozi baretse NDFL zigenda zitera imbere kandi zivuga igipimo cya 12%, kimwe Ubwishyu bwakozwe kuva kuri 25% kugeza 12%.
Amaherezo, Uzubekisitani yatangiye gukingura ubukungu. Ku munsi w'ububanyi n'amahanga, umubano n'abaturanyi ba hafi barateye imbere. Uzbekistan yinjiye nkindorerezi muri EAEU. Isoko ry'ifaranga ryemewe (mbere yuko ifaranga ry'isoko ryagurwa mu gihugu gusa "kuva munsi y'igorofa"), abaturage bemerewe kuva mu mahanga badafite viza. Ibibujijwe na Monopories mu bucuruzi bw'amahanga byahagaritswe. Abajyanama baturutse mu Budage, Turukiya, Koreya y'Epfo yatumiwe muri guverinoma; Mugereranije, imishyikirano yatangiye hamwe nabashoramari bakuru.
Ni izihe ngaruka z'ubukungu zibivuguruzanya yose?
Nibura, imibare yo kuzamuka mubukungu yerekana ko mumyaka yashize, Uzubekisitani niyo gihugu gikura vuba.
GDP kwiyongera,%
Igihugu 2017 2018 2019 Uzbekistan 4.5 5.5 5.6 Qazaqistan 4.1 4.1 4.5 Uburusiya 1.8 2.5 1.3 Ukraine 4.8.Inkomoko: Banki y'Isi
Mu bunararibonye bw'ubucuruzi bwa Banki y'Isi mu myaka 5 ishize, Uzbekistan yazutse kuva ku mwanya wa 85 ku ya 69. Mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2019, mu kinyamakuru cy'ubukungu cyamenye Uzubekistan y'umwaka wa Uzubekisitani y'umwaka, byerekana ko igihugu cya Aziya cyo hagati cyakoze "gusimbuka ubuziranenge mu iterambere ry'igitugu cya kera cya kera-cy'abasoviyeti gifite umuryango ufunze kuri Ishyanga rikiri nto ryihuza mu bukungu bw'isi. "
Guvumburwa kw'isoko gasanzwe byatumye rwiyongera mu mahanga, kuko kugeza 2017, Uzubekisitani, ingamba zitandukanye n'imyanzuro itandukanye, mu byukuri ingamba zo mu gihugu zitumizwa mu mahanga y'ibicuruzwa birenga ibihumbi n'ibihumbi by'ibicuruzwa birenga ibihumbi n'ibihumbi. Nyuma yo kubuza kuvaho, umubare wibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu myaka 3 (2017-2019) byiyongereye kuva muri miliyari 12 z'amadolari y'Amerika kugeza kuri Miliyari 22 (Ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bitewe no kwishyira ukizana kwamahanga nabyo, ariko ntabwo ari byinshi - C $ 10 kugeza $ Miliyari 15). Nk'uko Banki Nkuru ya Uzbek, muri 2018-2020. Umugabane wibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga mubyifuzo byanyuma biva kuri 48% kugeza 63%. Kuva ku kwishyira ukizana kwa Uzbek yohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, muri trans, Uburusiya, butsindwa n'Uburusiya, mu 2020, Uburusiya bwohereje Uzbekistan ku madolari kuri miliyoni 689 - hafi inshuro 1.5 mu mwaka urenga, kandi Uzbekistan yinjiye mu mwaka Abaguzi bane banini b'amavuta yizuba ryu Burusiya (hamwe n'Ubushinwa, Turukiya n'Ubuhinde).
Muri icyo gihe, igihe cy'inguzanyo cyatangiye mu gihugu, igice gisobanura ko gikenewe guteza inkunga amafaranga. Niyo mpamvu amabanki ya Uzubeki na we yasabye inkunga banki ya Deutsche.
Uzbek Regilator - Gukurikira mugenzi wawe w'Uburusiya - na we yatangiye gutekereza ku kibazo cyo gukura mu mutwaro w'amadeni. Cyane ko ivugurura ryisoko ryarimo nkuyu badakunzwe mubaturage basanzwe, nkugukuraho inkunga ya leta kubicuruzwa byingenzi - Umugati na peteroli na fayili.
Ukeneye amafarangaGuhinga inguzanyo, gukenera gutera inkunga ivugurura ry'ibihugu byongereye igihugu gikeneye inguzanyo zo hanze - kandi ni ingirakamaro cyane ku buryo bwo kumenya izina rya Uzubekisitani mu maso y'imiryango mpuzamahanga na banki. Ugushyingo 2017, yafunguwe ibiro bya EBRD, yahise aha igihugu miliyoni 120 z'amadolari. Banki ishinzwe iterambere ryo muri Aziya yatanze inguzanyo mu rwego rw'amadolari 573, yateguye inguzanyo kuri miliyoni 500 z'amadolari . Umuryango w'ubumwe bw'ibihugu by'Uburayi washyizweho. Ubufasha bw'Ubukungu kuri Uzubekisitani hamwe n'umurwa mukuru wa miliyoni 168 z'amayero, kubera ko amafaranga ya miliyoni 25 mu rwego rw'inganda, ubucuruzi, iterambere ry'imibereho, ibidukikije, ibidukikije. Noneho Uzbekistan na Banki yisi baterana gahunda yubufatanye kugeza 2026. Byongeye kandi, umwaka ushize Uzubekisitani yakiriye miliyari zirenga miliyoni 1 z'amadolari mu rwego rw'inguzanyo zatanzwe na Banki y'Isi, Banki ishinzwe iterambere rya Aziya n'ikigega mpuzamahanga cy'imari kurwanira Coronavirus.
Ibi byose byateganijwe ku buryo igihugu cyatangiye kongera ideni ryo hanze. Kuva 2017 kugeza 1 Ukwakira 2020, umwenda wo hanze wigihugu hafi yikubye kabiri, wiyongereye kuva kuri miliyari 17 z'amadolari - cyane cyane kubera umwenda wo hanze, urenze 40% ya GDP. Muri icyo gihe, umwenda rusange muri 2020 wiyongereye kuva 29% kugeza 36% ya GDP. Ingengo yimari yigihugu irabuze - kandi ibura ryabitswe kurwego rwa 4% ya GDP.
Kugeza ubu, imari ya Uzbek ifite imbaraga zimbaraga, kandi birakwiye ko twizera ko igihugu kizatsinda ingorane zose. Icyorezo cyakubise Uzbekistan kimwe na byose: Umubare w'iterambere rya GDP, uteganijwe n'abashinzwe ubukungu, waguye kuri 0.7% muri 2020. Ariko hariho ibyiringiro ko ubushakashatsi bwa Uzbek buzakwibutsa nibindi bihugu byisi kubikenewe kubikorwa.
Byoherejwe na: kantantin frumkin