Ibyo bavuga kuri ibi ni abafilozofe, abanyamategeko n amategeko yibihugu bitandukanye mumagambo 5, 50 na 500.
Nyuma yo ku ya 6 Mutarama, abashyigikiye impanda bavugishije muri Capitol basaba ko amajwi yongeye kwisubiraho mu matora ya perezida, ikiganiro kijyanye n '"uburenganzira bw'abaturage ku myigaragambyo". Intangiriro iraza gukemura ikibazo, niba sosiyete sivile afite uburenganzira bwo kurwanya igitugu no gukandamiza intwaro mu ntoki. Niba kandi uburenganzira nk'ubwo burahari, burya uburyo bwo gutandukanya iterabwoba no kwigomeka bitwaje intwaro.
Ubushize mbere ya 2021, iyi ngingo yaraganiriweho muri 2014 - bijyanye na Ukraine Ibyabaye. Icyakora, abafilozofe n'abanyamategeko bagaragaje ibyerekeye "uburenganzira bwo kwigomeka" ndetse no mu ntangiriro nyinshi, imyaka amagana mbere yimyaka mu Bushinwa bwa kera n'Ubugereki bwa kera. Mu gihe cyashize, siyanse yemewe yatungishije imirimo y'abatekereza nko kumenyekana no gutsindishiriza abanyagisobanuro n'abanyaga impaka, maze bavuga nabi amahirwe ayo mahirwe.
Ibiranga, byamenyesheje "uburenganzira ku myigaragambyo" n'umuyobozi wa mbere wa Soviet Russia Vladimir Lenin. Mu mirimo ye ya kera, "Leta ya Revolution" yanditse ko hashimangira kwisubizwa mu gukandamizwa, gushimangira kwisubiraho "bihatira impinduramatwara kugira ngo abantu bose basenya imbaraga za Leta."
Bazamenya muburyo butandukanye n'amategeko kandi bivuga "Uburenganzira ku myigaragambyo" ndetse nuburyo bikosowe - bitewe nigihe cyo ku buntu ushobora kubisoma muri 5, 50 cyangwa 500.
Mu magambo 5
Muri rusange, yego, mu Burusiya - oya.Mu magambo 50
"Uburenganzira ku myigaragambyo" menya Ubudage, Repubulika ya Ceki, Ubufaransa, muri Repubulika, Amerika, ndetse n'Ubwongereza. Mu 1793, imenyekanisha ry'Abafaransa "ry'Uburenganzira bwa muntu n'umuturage" watangaje ko imyisumizi "iburyo bwera cyane, inshingano zikenewe ku bantu." Abitabiriye iyo nama bagize iyo nama mu mushinga w'itegeko Nshinga ry'Uburusiya bwo mu 1993 bahawe uruhushya rwo gushimangira uburenganzira nk'ubwo, kubera iyo mpamvu, kubera iyo mpamvu, igitekerezo nticyashyigikiwe.
Mu magambo 500
Igitekerezo cya "Uburenganzira bwo Kwigomeka" Abatekereza batejwe imbere igihe kirekire. Birashoboka ko aribwo bwa mbere bwaba uwambere mu binyejana bya Xii-Xi kugeza ku bategetsi bacu b'Ubushinwa bwa kera kuva ku ngoma ya Zhou. Kugira ngo batsindishirize ifatiro ry'imbaraga ziva mu ngoma zabanjirije iyi, bategura inyigisho zose, zizwi ku izina rya "manda yo mu ijuru." Inyigisho ze zo hagati zisoma: Ijuru riha umugisha gahunda karemano n'ubushake bw'umutegetsi mwiza, uri muri urwo rwego "Umwana w'ikirere". Ariko, Tyran yo mwijuru ntizishimira kandi agasubiza manda yabo, amaze kwimurira umutegetsi ukwiye.
"Uburenganzira ku myigaragambyo" biri mu migenzo ya kisilamu. Minisitiri wa Islamu Arabiya Sawudite mu 1998-2014, Sheikh Salih Ali Sheikh yasobanuye ibikubiye muri Hadis ya 28, agira ati: "Umva kandi uzakumvira, kabone." Ku bwe, "kumvira no kumvira umutegetsi ni gusa ko adahumeka Allah." Niba kubwimpamvu umutegetsi ategeka icyaha, ntibushobora kumvira.
Mu Burayi, intangiriro y'ingengabitekerezo ya "uburenganzira ku myigaragambyo" yashyizweho "Tiranori" ya garmodey na Artitoni mu Bugereki bwa kera. Ahagana mu 514, mbere yigihe cyacu, bagerageza Tiranans Hippius na Hipark baripfa. Abenegihugu bashimira babubaha Tiranoubyts nk'intwari z'igihugu maze barubaka urwibutso, bafatwa nk'urwibutso rwa mbere rwa politiki ku mugabane wa politiki ku mugabane wa politiki ku mugabane wa politiki ku mugabane wa politiki ku mugabane wa politiki ku mugabane wa politiki ku mugabane.
Muri 1215, barons yo mucyongereza yaharaniye umwami wa Yohani ikimenyetso kidafite ubutaka "igitabo gikomeye cy'igikorwa gikomeye". Imwe mu ngingo z'inyandiko zavuze ko niba umwami "mu kintu cyose cyo kurwanya umuntu uwo ari we wese azatsinda cyangwa ngo arenga cyangwa ngo arenga ku isi cyangwa ku isi yose," hamwe n'isi yose, azahatirwa Inzira zose uko zishobora gusa, ni ukuvuga gufata ibigo, ubutaka, gutunga ndetse no mu bundi buryo. " Nubwo mubyukuri ko mubyukuri kuba iyi ngingo ntabwo yabaye, amasezerano ubwayo muri rusange aracyamenyekana numushingamategeko wubwongereza nkawe.
Usibye gutangaza igifaransa mu 1793, "Uburenganzira ku myigaragambyo" bisobanurwa mu gutangaza ubwigenge bwa Amerika: "Iyo urukurikirane rumaze gufunga ubwigenge rwa Amerika:" Iyo urukurikirane rumaze gufunga ubwigenge rwa Amerika: "Iyo urukurikirane rukomeye rwo guhohoterwa no guhohoterwa rutanga ububasha bwo guhatira abantu kwiheba, guhirika Muri guverinoma, hashyirwaho ingwate zishinzwe umutekano mu bihe bizaza bihinduka abantu iburyo n'inshingano. " Mubyukuri, ntabwo abavoka bose bemera ko ibisobanuro nkibi byerekana ko ibyo bishoboka byose ejo hazaza. Bamwe muribo bemeza ko imenyekanisha yagize icyo akora.
Mu itegeko nshinga rigezweho, "uburenganzira bwo kwigomeka" bwanditswe mu buryo butaziguye, urugero, mu Mategeko Nkuru y'Ubudage. Ingingo ya 20 yavuze ko "Abadage bose bafite uburenganzira bwo kunanira umuntu wese uzagerageza guhagarika itegeko nshinga niba nta yindi miti ihari." Kimwe n'ibisobanuro by'ubumenyi biri mu Itegeko Nshinga ry'Ubugereki: "Kubahiriza Itegeko Nshinga byashinzwe gukunda igihugu cy'Abagereki, bifite uburenganzira bwo gukunda igihugu, bufite uburenganzira bwo kurwanya uburyo bushoboka bwose ku muntu wese ugerageza kubihagarika" na Repubulika ya Ceki: "Abaturage bafite uburenganzira bwo kurwanya umuntu wese uzanga icyemezo cya demokarasi. Uburenganzira bwa muntu n'ubwisanzure bw'ibanze."
Mu Itegeko Nshinga ry'Uburusiya "Uburenganzira ku myigaragambyo" ntabwo bukubiye mu mugaragaro. Umuryango wa siyansi ntaragera ku buryo bwumvikanyeho niba ari "kamere" iburyo (umuntu ufite akamaro ka kamere yacyo) cyangwa aracyari "mwiza" (asaba kurera amategeko yihariye). Ntibisobanutse niba uyu arirwo muntu ukwiye (nkuburenganzira kuri tyranobium) cyangwa rusange (abantu gusa ni bo bashobora kwigomeka, ntabwo ari umuntu umwe). Ikibazo gikomeye ni itandukaniro ridashidikanywaho hagati yabaterabwoba nubwitonzi bwubwisanzure. Ntarabona uruhushya rushimishije.
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