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Ninde muri twe mubwana udashaka kuba cosmonauut, kuguruka ukwezi (neza, cyangwa byibuze muri orbit) hanyuma ushimishe abo bateraniye hafi yabana ibijyanye no gukusanya? Ndetse n'abakobwa bararota! Nyuma ya byose, kubaho muburemere no kuva kumwanya wo kureba isi birashoboka ko bishimishije. Ntabwo bishoboka ko noneho umuntu muri twe yatekerezaga ku kuntu amahugurwa y'ikirere mbere yo guhaguruka, ndetse birenze ibyo bagombaga kujyayo mu kutotwa.
Imihango ya buri munsi
Ibihura natwe hamwe nibisanzwe, mumwanya bisaba kwitabwaho cyane. Kurugero, koza amenyo, ugomba kubanza kwitegura - byibuze fata igitambaro kugirango ukureho ibisigi byoza amenyo. Erega, biroroshye kubacira mu kantu. Bitewe no kubura uburemere, paste ya FOAM izagabanywa gusa mumubiri wose. Rimwe na rimwe astronauths iramira.Amazi kuri sitasiyo akubiye mubipapuro byihariye hamwe na tubes. Cosmonaut yazimye gusa mubipaki, hanyuma ifata umunwa wibitonyanga. Birasa nkaho usekeje niba uhinduye iki gihe cyangwa bibiri. Ariko mubihe nkibi byayo bigaragaye ko atari byoroshye.
Nigute noneho kwiyuhagira cyangwa byibuze woge umutwe? Muri uru rubanza, hashobora - Shampoos na Soap ibisubizo bije gutabara, bidakeneye kuvaho. Birahagije gusa gutangiza igikoresho kuruhu no gukama igitambaro. By the way, ibyo bicuruzwa byisuku byateguwe kubantu, bitewe mubihe bimwe, ntibishobora kwemera kwiyuhagira wenyine. Kurugero, igihe kirekire mumavuriro ari igihe kirekire.
Noneho ikindi gikorwa kijya kuri sitasiyo ya orbital kugera mu musarani. Hano, uburemere bwaba bumeze neza, ariko kubera ko atari bwo, noneho kugirango duhangane ko abantu bakeneye igikoresho cyihariye - pompe ikuramo umwanda. Nyuma yo guswera, imyanda y'amazi yigabanyijemo ogisijeni n'amazi, itangira inzitizi ifunze ya sitasiyo.
Ku myanda ikomeye, hari imifuka idasanzwe ya pulasitike yinjijwe mu gikombe cy'umusarani. Mu gihe runaka, babitswe muri konti ya baluminiyumu 20, hanyuma bagakoreshwa.
By the way, ubwiherero bw'umwanya ufite izina ryemewe "imyanda n'isuku y'isuku", bisobanura "gutandukana kw'imyanda n'isuku." Kandi kugirango umuntu ube imyumvire nyayo y'Ijambo Irashobora kwicarayo ku musarani, agomba gufatirwa n'umukandara. Kugenda mu musarani mu mwanya abantu bahugura ku isi. Mugihe cyo gukora imyitozo idasanzwe mu musarani, kamera idasanzwe yinjijwe, ihindura ishusho kuri ecran. Indwara rero irashobora kugenzura inzira kuva mu ntangiriro kugeza ku iherezo.
Soma kandi: Umuntu uwambere mumwanya ufunguye. Inyandiko zitangaza
Gusukura no kwishimisha
Isuku ya vacuum ni ishami ryingirakamaro, kandi kuri sitasiyo yikibanza kandi rirahagaritswe. Ntabwo bifasha gusa isuku hejuru, ariko nanone gukusanya ibintu bitari ngombwa biguruka mukirere. Kurugero, umusatsi mugihe cyumusatsi. Mu bihe byo kutagira uburemere, isuku ya vacuum irashobora kandi gukusanya "amazi yatowe cyangwa ngo atatanye uduce duto twibintu. Nanone, abarozi ntibarwanya korohereza kubaho kwabo nta rukuruzi, gukomera ku kintu gikenewe hamwe na vacuum.
Umwaka
Kuri iss, astroniauts iraryama mumifuka idasanzwe ihambiriwe kurukuta, cyangwa muri capsules. Birakenewe kuburyo uryamye ari kubwimpanuka mu kindi gice cyubwato. By the way, kugereranya umusego, munsi yumutwe muriyi mifuka myinshi yashyizeho amasogisi yuzuyemo ibindi bintu byimyambaro. Gusinzira mu kirere ntigihungabana rwose. Buri masaha nigice yasimbuwe nijoro kandi akamenyera bigoye cyane. Byongeye kandi, sitasiyo ya orbital ni urusaku rwinshi kubera ibikoresho bihora akora hamwe na sisitemu yo gufasha ubuzima bwabantu. Cosmonauts igomba gukuramo. Muri iki gihe, bafasha imiyoboro isanzwe mumatwi.Ariko hariho ibihe byiza. Kurugero, gukomera bibura muburemere. Ikigaragara ni uko ku ruzinduko ku isi kivuka mugihe imbaraga zo gukurura ururimi zisaba ururimi nimpapuro zoroshye inyuma yumuhogo. Ibi biganisha ku gutondekanya tract yubuhumekero, niyo mpamvu ijwi ryo guhinda umushyitsi cyangwa kunyeganyega rigaragara. Bitewe no kubura uburemere mumwanya, gukomera birashira, kandi guhagarara byigihe gito byo guhumeka bizimira, bizwi nka gusinzira kwa APNEA.
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Amahugurwa
Kubura guswera mumwanya wo hanze ni uruhande rumwe rwumudari. Geeness ntabwo igira ingaruka kumitsi yumuntu, kubera ibyo bahitanwa na atrophy vuba. Kugira ngo gutakaza ishusho, cosmonauts badahorereza no biragoye bahuguwe mu simulators Umwanya, bikaba, mu miterere yabo, bitandukanye ku isi, ariko kugumana ihame gikorwa na urakenera amatsinda atandukanye imikaya.
Ukuri gushimishije. Mugihe cyo kwinjizamo orbit, gukura kwabantu kwiyongera ugereranije na santimetero 3-5. Ibi biterwa n'imbaraga z'uburemere. Ahubwo, kubera kubura kwe. Umugongo ugororotse bityo bisa nkaho umuntu yarushijeho kuba hejuru. Ugezeyo, gukura bihinduka kimwe muminsi mike.
Nibyo, ubuzima hanze yisi no hanze ibikorwa byamategeko asanzwe ya fiziki asa nkaho ari superheavy. Cosmonauts ibaho imyitozo idasanzwe mbere yo kujya mumwanya utagira iherezo. Nubwo winjiye mubindi bisabwa kubaho, umubiri nubwenge ndetse no muri Cosmonauts inararibonye bihinduka. Iminsi yambere yabantu bahangayikishijwe na isesemi no kunyerera, ariko mugihe, ibimenyetso byahujwe.
Umushinga "Gemini"
Mu myaka mike ishize, NASA yafashe ubushakashatsi bushimishije - bwohereje umwe mu bavandimwe babiri b'impanga kuri ISS (iminsi 360), undi asigaye ku isi nk'akaga kopi yo kugenzura. Abahanga rero bagiye kumenya uko umubiri wumuntu uhinduka nyuma yo kuguma igihe kirekire mumwanya. Byaragaragaye ko Scott Kelly yahinduye ibikubiye muri bagiteri mu mara, ubucucike bw'amagufwa na telomers ku mpera ya chromosome yiyongereye. Hanze, byasaga naho ikimenyetso kirenze kimwe Scott, ariko nyuma yigihe runaka umubiri we "wafashe" umurambo wumuvandimwe wasigaye kwisi.
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Ingingo zishimishije muri telegaramu yacu! Iyandikishe kugirango nkunde ikintu cyose!