Kubijyanye nimpinduka zumuyobozi wikigega cya leta, ibiganiro byatangiye guhuza amafaranga uko ari atatu arenga - pansiyo, ubwishingizi bwubuzima hamwe nubwishingizi bwubuzima bwihariye. Nibyo, hariho imiterere ya gari yatunganijwe - kugabanya infusion yikigega cyubwishingizi bwimibereho mukigega cya pansiyo.
Ntabwo ari letaIgitaratangwa na guverinoma mubyukuri, ntibisobanutse kugeza imperuka, nta mpumwa rusange. Nubwo byari bimeze bityo ariko, twakagombye kumenya ko ivugurura rya sisitemu yo ku gahato ubwishingizi bw'ita ku gahato ryaratereranywe kandi birashobora kuba bimwe mu "masezerano mashya", ubutegetsi buriho bukora.
By'umwihariko, muri 2019, umwanditsi w'iyi mirongo hamwe na Yuri Voronin na Alexander Safanov yashyize ahagaragara ingingo nini yateguwe hashingiwe ku kigo kinini cy'iterambere ry'ibintu Alexei Kudrin.
Iyi raporo ivuga ku iremwa ry'ikigega kimwe cy'ubwishingizi bw'imibereho mu mafaranga y'ingengo y'imari aho kuba amafaranga atatu agezweho.
Mbere ya byose, twakagombye kumenya ko ishyirahamwe ryateganijwe ridaharanira kandi riri kure cyane kubijyanye no kuzigama ibishoboka ku bijyanye no kuzigama amafaranga y'ibiriho. Intego nyamukuru yo gukora ikigega kimwe cyubwishingizi bwimibereho ni ugukarangirwa nabaturage bose bakusanyirijwe muburyo bwo kwishyura ubwishingizi, ubunini bwimitsi mubihe byinshi ni 30% byurufatiro. Aya mafranga ntabwo ari imisoro, ibi ni bimwe mu mushahara w'abaturage bametero, mubyukuri byasubiye inyuma mugihe bibaye mubuzima bwabo habaye ubwishingizi: imyaka yizabukuru, ubumuga bwo kwivuza, nibindi rero ntibigomba kuba ibintu bya federasiyo , nka none, kandi bigomba kuba mu ruhame (rusange).
Ibibazo bitatu by'ibanzeImpinduka nkiyi muburyo bwa nyirubwite ni ikibazo cyateganijwe, kuko cyateganijwe mbere yo gucunga ikigega cyubwishingizi bwimibereho myiza yabakozi, abakoresha na guverinoma nkuru. Umutwe wa Fondasiyo ugomba gutorwa mu kibaho cye, kandi ntukurikize muri leta ubu.
Ikibazo cya kabiri cy'ibanze ni ukumenya ubwoko bw'ubwishingizi bw'imibereho buteganijwe bujyanye n'ubushobozi bw'iki kigega. Usibye amoko asanzwe amenyerewe - Pansiyo, ava mu mpanuka ku mirimo n'indwara z'agateganyo, akurikije ubumuga bw'igihe gito, gutwita no kubyara, ni ngombwa gusungura ubwishingizi (akamaro kabyo rwemeje uko ibintu bimeze muri iki gihe muri Isoko ryumurimo), kimwe no mugihe hakenewe kwitabwaho burundu.
Ikibazo cya gatatu nyamukuru ninzibacyuho kumafaranga imwe yubwishingizi akubiyemo ingaruka zose. Ingano yacyo ikwiye gushyirwaho hashingiwe ku bwumvikane bw'abahagarariye abakozi, abakoresha ndetse n'ubutegetsi bw'inzego z'ubuyobozi bw'ikigega kimwe cy'ubwiteganyirize kandi, ari ngombwa mu buryo butaziguye, muburyo butaziguye bwo gusimburwa ubwishingizi bwubwishingizi nuwinjiza abakozi. Nyuma ya byose, igipimo cyubwishingizi no gusimbuza igipimo nimpande ebyiri zumudari umwe.
Uburyo bwo gukora ikigega kimweMu iterambere ry'iyi nteruro, ni byiza gukora gahunda yo gucunga imibereho yihariye - ibyo byari byiteze ko bikwiye gusubiramo umukozi wa premium yubwishingizi bwihariye kugirango wongere urwego rwingwate kubwubwishingizi bwimibereho no kugabanya icyarimwe mubundi bwoko bwubwishingizi. Byongeye kandi, birakenewe guha abenegihugu bafite imyaka ingahe. Uburenganzira bwo kwishura amafaranga yinyongera kuri gahunda yubwigenge bwamafaranga yaryo, kandi mugihe umuntu adahari yubwishingizi bwayo - uburenganzira bwo kuyicungura mugihe cyanyuma ku giciro cyashyizweho.
Naho abakoresha, inyungu zubwishingizi bw'imibereho bagomba kubangwa mu buryo bwite kugira ngo bashyirwe mu bikorwa ibipimo by'ingenzi birenza imirimo y'inyongera, ubwiyongere bw'akazi ndetse n'umuryango wa Wage.
Ibikorwa remezo by'ikigega cy'ubwiteganyirize kigomba gushingira ku gitabo kimwe cy'abantu bafite ubwishingizi. Muri, uretse amakuru bwite kuri muntu, ikibanza umurimo wako na i Ingano: Bya yinjije na kuvanwaho muri co, ibyangombwa gukorana agomba arimwo passport ubuzima - amakuru ku murongo wa ibizamini kubavura no profresses yihariye, harimo amakuru ku Kumenyekanisha gukorana nakazi kangiza kandi gakomeye. Igice cyibikorwa byiki gitabo kigomba kuba amakuru yerekeye umubare wishyuwe wakozwe nubwoko bwubwishingizi. Kwiyandikisha ku kibazo birahuye neza n'ishusho y'ibihumyo bya Mikhail byagaragajwe na Mikhail ku bijyanye n'ibirindiro byitwa imibereho myiza.
Ivugurura ryubwishingizi bwimiberehogisigiro ku gahato, niba, birumvikana ko bitazagabanya guhuza ubukanishi gusa mu mafaranga atatu y'imibereho, agomba kubahiriza amahame yo gushinga "amasezerano mashya" kugirango ahinduke ikintu Ikiganiro hamwe n'impuguke z'inzobere, abanyapolitiki, umubare munini w'abaturage kugirango ubone impande zose zirabangamira. Icyo gihe ni bwo burashobora gukomeza intambwe nyarwo, intego yacyo, amaherezo, hazaba ishyirwaho ry'inzego z'inzego zo kunoza igihe kirekire kunonosora imibereho yose ya sosiyete y'Uburusiya.
Igitekerezo cy'umwanditsi ntigishobora guhura n'umwanya wa VITAME.