Imiryango imwe n'imwe irashobora gusaba amafaranga yumwana munsi yimyaka 18. Intego yinyungu birashoboka mubihe byinshi. Hafi yibyo inyungu zisabwa zigomba kuba umuryango, mbega amafaranga yo kwishyura, tuzakubwira ibikoresho byacu.
Ninde ushobora gusaba amafaranga yumwana munsi yimyaka 18
FZ No 81 "Ku nyungu za Leta ku baturage bafite abana" uretse kwishyurwa bizwi, no kwita ku bana no kwita ku bana, mu ngingo ya 3 kandi bagaragaje kandi ku murongo w'imyaka icumi.
Amategeko mbonezamubano ya federasiyo y'Uburusiya mu gika cya 1 cy'ingingo ya 21 ashimangira ko umwana ari umuntu udafite akamaro kabi kandi atageze ku myaka y'ubukuru (imyaka 18). Mbere yiyi myaka, umuturage muto arashobora kubona amahirwe mbere yimyaka yo gukura, niba:
- yashakanye;
- Yatangiye umwuga wuzuye kuva mumyaka 16. N'ubushobozi bwuzuye buzwi nurukiko cyangwa umurinzi.
Noneho, kugeza ku myaka 16, umwana azaba ameze nkuwabihame. Kuva ku myaka 16 kugeza kuri 18, ni umwana niba ubushobozi bwuzuye butagerwaho kandi ntabwo byemewe nkunzego zishinzwe umutekano mbere.
Rero, imfashanyigisho idafite amabwiriza kumyaka yemejwe kuba abana bari munsi yimyaka 16. Hafi yimyaka 18, amafaranga ni umuturage, niba atabonye ubushobozi bwuzuye kandi aracyari umwana.
Ibisabwa muri rusange hagamijwe amafaranga yumwana muto:- Umwana atuye asenga ababyeyi;
- Ababyeyi ntibafite uburenganzira bwababyeyi;
- Ubundi bwoko bwinyungu ntabwo busubiriwe kumwana.
Rero, birashobora gufatwa ko umupaka wo hasi wumwana ufite nibura imyaka irindwi. Kugeza kuri iyi myaka, inyungu zabana zibanze zishyurwa.
Amategeko yo gushyiraho no kwishyura inyungu ku mwana muto hakurikijwe FZ No 81 ashyiraho abayoboke b'ishyirahamwe ry'Uburusiya, kubera ko igitabo cyishyuwe mu ngengo y'imari y'akarere. Ariko, amategeko ya federasiyo ashyiraho inshuro yo kwishyura: byibuze rimwe mugihembwe. Niba ubishaka, akarere karashobora kwishyura amafaranga kenshi.
Mu ngingo ya 16 y'itegeko rya 16 ryerekeye umurongo ngenderwaho, abaturage bafite abana "na bo bavuga ko ibipimo umuryango utishoboye watoranijwe kugira ngo babone inyungu, akarere nako karashyirwaho. Kubwibyo, mbere yo gusaba kwishyurwa, amabwiriza ibikorwa bigenga bigomba kwigwa.
Igitabo gishobora kubona umuryango, mubyukuri, gikeneye ubufasha bwamafaranga. Mubisanzwe, imiryango nkiyi arimo:
- Imiryango ituzuye, aho umwe mubabyeyi yapfuye cyangwa yavuye mumuryango kandi ahunga ubwishyu bwa Alimony;
- Imiryango idafite amafaranga ahagije, aho umwe mubabyeyi yagumye adafite akazi, ni umunyeshuri cyangwa wakiriye imirimo ya gisirikare.
Mubisanzwe ko hakenewe inkunga yibikoresho bigenwa mugereranya umuryango winjiza ndetse n'igipimo cy'ubuzima byibuze bw'abaturage bakorana mu karere utuyemo. Ariko, ingingo ya federasiyo y'Uburusiya ubwayo ishyiraho igihe amafaranga yumuryango yigaruriwe.
- Itandukaniro ryinyongera ryinshi hagati yinjiza buri wese mu bagize umuryango nigipimo cyimikorere ntarengwa;
- umubare urenze iri tandukaniro;
- Igice cy'iri tandukaniro.
Hamwe nibimenyetso byihariye hamwe nibyiciro byishyuwe birashobora kuboneka mubikorwa byo kugenzura by'akarere. Urashobora kubasanga kurubuga rwa guverinoma yakarere, ndetse nishami ryubutaka bwinzego zizabirwa imibereho.
Ni izihe nyandiko zigomba gukusanywa ku nyungu zigera kuri 18Gushaka igitabo ku biro by'akarere kurengera abaturage. Urashobora gusaba kwishura:
- mu buryo butaziguye mu nzego zo kurengera imibereho;
- Binyuze muri MFC;
- Ku kimenyetso cya serivisi rusange.
Porogaramu igomba gukoreshwa mumyanya y'inyandiko zemeza ko ari ngombwa ko umuryango wishyura:
- Icyemezo cyo kuvuka k'umwana muto;
- Passeport y'abana irenga imyaka 14;
- Icyemezo cy'imiryango;
- Icyemezo cyinjiza umuryango mugihe cyagenwe;
- Inyandiko zemeza kubura amafaranga yigenga mumwana kuva kumyaka 16 kugeza 18 - mubisanzwe iyi ni icyemezo cyatanzwe na pasiporo kubyerekeye umushyitsi;
- Amakuru ya konti ya banki;
- Kopi y'igitabo cy'akazi cy'ababyeyi badafite akazi;
- Itike ya gisirikare ya se, niba akorera;
- Icyemezo cy'inyigisho z'ababyeyi;
- Icyemezo cyo kubara muri CZN;
- Icyemezo cyo gutandukana cyangwa gupfa kwa umwe mubabyeyi;
- Icyemezo cyo kutishyura ubukana bwababyeyi bwa kabiri.
Inzego zo kurengera imibereho zigomba gusuzuma ibyifuzo byawe muminsi icumi yakazi. Igitabo ubwacyo kimaze kuba umwaka umwe. Kugura inyungu, gusaba hamwe ninyandiko zikenewe ziravugururwa. Niba igitabo cyashyikirijwe umwana w'imyaka cumi n'irindwi, ubwishyu bwateganijwe mu gihe mbere yacyo.
Icy'ingenzi kwibuka ku nyungu kugeza ku myaka 18- Kugirango ubone uburenganzira bwo kwishyura, umwana agomba kuba aguha ababyeyi.
- Ukeneye umuryango uremewe mugihe amafaranga yinjiza atarenze ikiguzi cyo kuba mukarere utuyemo.
- Ingingo ya federasiyo y'Uburusiya ubwayo ishyiraho ibisabwa kugirango itange ubufasha, ingano n'inshuro. Urashobora kwiga uburyo bwo gutanga ubwishyu kurubuga rwa guverinoma yukarere cyangwa kurubuga rwinzego zo kurengera imibereho yawe.
- Kwishura umwana ntabwo bishyirwaho niba umuryango umaze kwakira andi yishyuye.
- Gushaka ubwishyu buvugwa mu nzego zo kurengera imibereho.