Ati: "Isano iracyagaragara hagati yindwara za pande-19. Mugihe twiga byinshi kuri Coronavirus, ikora nk'ibutsa imiterere y'ibimera, imbaraga z'ukuntu zanduza kandi zangiza ibihingwa byacu. - Kwandika mu ngingo ye ku giti cye Stephen Stepron T. Koyk, umuyobozi ushinzwe gusuzuma indiri, iherereye muri Californiya, muri Amerika.
- Imwe mu mitwe iheruka kubyerekeye Covid-19 ireba virusi. Kwisi yose, virusi ya Covid-19 ibaho muburyo butandukanye butandukanye cyangwa "imbaraga" (izwi kandi nka "amahitamo").
Mu ikubitiro, icyorezo cyatangiye mu Bushinwa kuva muri virusi l. Strain S nuburyo bwa mbere cyangwa guhinduranya ya Covid-19. Ariko, vuba aha impungenge nshya ni verisiyo nshya ya Covid B.1.1.7, bisa nkaho byanduye neza numuntu nyir'ubwite kandi ukwirakwiza vuba. Ku nshuro ya mbere yiyandikishije mu Bwongereza, ubu buryo B.1.1.7 ubu byagaragaye mu bihugu bitandukanye byisi.
Uruhu rwamabi rwaho rubaho muburyo butandukanye bwamoko, bushobora kwitwa "imbaraga", "amahitamo", "amahitamo" nibindi bisobanuro. Mu bihe bimwe, kubaho kw'imigozi itandukanye bigira ingaruka ku bihingwa, kandi abahinzi n'inzobere mu murima ntibashobora no kubimenya.
Ariko, mubindi bihe, iterambere ryimiterere mishya cyangwa ubwoko bushobora kwerekana iterambere rikomeye muri kano karere.
Imihangayiko mishya cyangwa amoko arashobora gutsinda induru ya genetike yinjiye muburyo butandukanye bwo kwirinda indwara za pathogen. Kurugero, muri Californiya, ubwoko bwa seriveri izwi bwarimo genes zatumye ibyuma birwanya itandukaniro ryumuhondo wa Fusari Umuhondo wa Fusari Pathogen. Abahinzi barashobora gutera ubu bwoko kumirima yanduye kandi icyarimwe bahabwa umusaruro mwiza. Ariko, ubwoko bushya bwa fujuru ya Pathogen bwatsinze izo ngenderwaho, biganisha ku gihombo rusange.
Epinach yahoraga yibasirwa cyane numukozi wimpamvu yo kubabaza ibinyoma, mugihe aborozi bakoze ubwoko buhamye. Ariko, ubwoko bushya bwibinyoma bwo kubabaza ibinyoma butezimbere indwara kumirongo ihamye igenda itera imbere hano.
Intumwa yo kuboneza urubyaro, itrytis, mubisanzwe iteza imbere amahitamo arwanya ibihumyo bitandukanye byakoreshejwe kugirango birwanye. Bagiteri xanthomonasi na pseudomonas, fuudomonas, fusurium hamwe nibihumyo bimwe na bimwe ntibizwi kuburyo ubushobozi bwabo bwo guhinduka no gukora ubwoko bushya.
Mikorobe zose zibaho nkuzuye ibintu bifitanye isano rya hafi, ariko amatsinda atandukanye. Mubyabaye, amatsinda yose ya bagiteri cyangwa amatsinda yose yibihumyo ntabwo bisa, ariko biratandukanye gato mubigize ibipimo bya kamere. Iyi mpinduka iterwa no kugabanuka, kwizirika kwa genetike nibindi bintu.
Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe bibyara cyangwa ibidukikije, itsinda ryihariye rishobora kugaragara, rishobora kugaragara n'umuvuduko wihuse kandi rigaragara nka verisiyo nshya ya pathogen ishobora gutera indwara ba nyirayo.
Kimwe na verisiyo nshya ya B.1.1.7 Corvise, kwisuzumisha niyo ntambwe yambere ikenewe. Mu gihe cy'ubushakashatsi, abahanga bagomba kubanza guteza imbere uburyo bwo kuvumbura bemeza ko habaho iterabwoba rishya.
Abashakashatsi bakoresha isesengura rya molecular, ubushakashatsi ku nkingo n'ibindi bintu kugirango bamenye ubwoko bushya cyangwa ibintu. Nyuma nk'ibi, abahanga mu bya siyansi batera imbere kandi batondekanya ibizamini ko gusuzuma n'abakozi bafasha bashobora gukoreshwa mu kwemeza ko icyorezo cy'indwara y'ibihingwa giterwa n'amahitamo mashya. Noneho abakora bagomba kugenzura icyorezo cya pathigenic nshya ya pathogenic yibimera hakurikijwe ingamba zigoye.
Hano hari uburyo busanzwe bwo kurwana:
- Witoze kuzunguruka ibihingwa kandi ntutere umuco ushobora kugerwaho.
- Shyira mu bikorwa ibikorwa byumuco kugirango bigire uruhare mu mikurire yibisarurwa, ariko kubuza iterambere ryurupfu.
- Itegereze ingamba zikwiye kugirango urubingo rushya rudakoreshwa mu butaka bwanduye (ku ifarashi y'ubutaka), ibisigazwa cyangwa ibikoresho.
- Hindura ingamba zuzuye zuzuye kugirango hakoreshejwe uburyo butandukanye bwibikorwa bikoreshwa muguhindura imitima irambye.
Kubera ko benshi mumoko mashya ba Pathogene bavunitse genes zabanje gutanga umutekano, igice cyingenzi cyo kugenzura kigaragara muburyo bushya, ariko guhitamo ni akazi katoroshye gafata igihe cyo kugera kuntego. Mugihe mikorobe ihamye bidasanzwe kandi byoroshye. Mugihe kimwe cyahise gikoreshwa, abaturage ba pato pathogene bashiraho ubundi buryo bushya, bwerekana ko kurwanya indwara bishobora kuba bigoye guhora hagati ya mikorobe nabantu. "
(Inkomoko: www.urubuga.com. Byoherejwe na: Stephen T. Koyk, Umuyobozi wa diagnostiques).