Icyatsi kibisi Umusore Maddine hamwe n'abanditsi be bakomeye b'Imyaka myinshi - Abavandimwe ba Evan na Galen Johnsovv hamwe na Evan Johnson yakuweho na / cyangwa imyenda yimbitse: "Ibihumyo", "Green Green" (The Icyatsi kibisi, 2017), "ibintu" (bishimye, 2018), "uzanzanire umutware wa Tim Horton" (uzane umutwe wa Tim Horton, 2018). Byagaragaye ko dushimira amategeko adasanzwe yo guhanga filime y'iposita yeguriwe ishyaka ryakorewe muri 60 mpuzamahanga i San Francisco. Muri firime ya Maddina, hasanzwe hari hasanzwe "ikarita" imwe - "Data afite imyaka 100" (papa afite imyaka 100, 2005 kugira ngo isabukuru ya Roberto Rossellini, ariko urubanza rwari rudasanzwe. Inyandiko ya firime yanditse Isabella Roselini, umukobwa wa Yubile numwe mu bakinnyi basanzwe ba Maddine; Yakoze kandi uruhare hafi ya yose muriyi fanematike. Inkomoko yo guhumekwa yakoraga amateka ya hafi, kandi ibyo abana bibuka ubwana, n'umurimo we.
Kurema "igihu cyicyatsi" (igihu cyicyatsi kibisi, 2017) shyira umurimo utoroshye imbere abayobozi. "Ikarita y'ikinyamakuru ku byerekeye umujyi" izana ibitekerezo ku kurambirana ubwoko bumwe bw'amoko amenya, patos idakenewe n'ibinyoma. Ifishi ya prititive, irimo ubukonje, igihe gito kandi kikamenyekana ibintu byamenyekanye ... Ariko, hariho izindi ngero, kurugero "kubyerekeye nziza" (à vigo. Hamwe numukoresha, Boris Kaufman Vigo ashishikaye yatangije "kamere" - inyuguti zamabara kugirango inyandiko ye ivuga kumujyi. "Kubyerekeranye na byiza" - gusa kugaragara kw'ubwoko. Indwara ya Umuyobozi hamwe no kwiheba yemeza optics kuri firime yumuntu ku giti cye cyane yumwanditsi afunzwe mumwanya wamahanga nukwanga.
Umwe mu mafilime ya "Umujyi" ni "My Winnipeg" (Winnipeg yanjye, 2007). Autobiografiya, bityo, umuyobozi wa firime wa hafi ntabwo yitangiye gusa mumateka yumujyi kavukire gusa, ahubwo yanakorewe umuryango wumwanditsi. Ibivugwa muri byo bikorwa n'umunwa w'intwari ugerageza, bidasanzwe, ibiruhuko bya Winnipeg. Ijwi rya Scrot riva mu maso ya Maddine ubwe abwira ibisobanuro bidafite umudendezo kuri Winnipeg: ko uyu ariwo mujyi wa Lunatikov, ko muri Winnyatikoviya Ijambo "niba kimwe na kimwe Igihe Buri munsi muri Winnipeg - Umunsi "Niba" Intwari y'iyi Soma birashaka guhunga umujyi no kwicara muri gari ya moshi, ijoro ryitumba rifite amahirwe. Mu bushyuhe bukabije bw'imodoka, arasinzira. Inzozi ninyigisho zitera ibitekerezo bifatika byuzuyemo amashyirahamwe, priori ntabwo ihuye na gahunda iyo ari yo yose. Umwanditsi wiyi logique yibizwa cyane mugihe atangira igeragezwa mugukora firime ivuga kuri uru rugendo. Niba wemera Maddine wenyine, "Gukora film gusa, urashobora kwigobotora imbaraga z'umuryango n'umujyi." Gusinzira no kwibuka bifasha gukora ibishoboka byose: Kugarura isano na bene wabo bapfuye (intwari yabo muri film ye yasimbuye abakinnyi batoranijwe cyane) kandi bakaranze kuva muri Topografiya yatoranijwe Igisubizo cyuburambe bufatika ni umutuzo wo kwibagirwa. Intwari ireka kwibuka ko imigi yo mu bwana rye itagikiriho, murumuna we na se bapfuye. Afata umujyi akayunga na We mu Byahishuwe, ni byo bishimiye Winnipega ko akiri uwo ari we. Kandi umujyi amaherezo uramureka.
Ariko niba Winnipeg ari umwanya ukize mubyababayeho, ubwoba bwabana hamwe nibibazo byumwana, ni ukuvuga amashusho yuburenganzira, noneho amashusho yuburenganzira, hanyuma San Francisco ni umujyi wundi muntu udafunguye. Kugira ngo umwiyegereza, ashuri sinefil irashobora hose mu bigo bisanzwe bya sinema. Gukora "igifu cyicyatsi" Maddin hamwe nabanditsi bayo hamwe na Azirt Vigo bashakishije ibikoresho. Ariko ntabwo ari muri San Francisco, ariko muri firime zafashe isura yumujyi. "Icyatsi kibisi" ni film ikoranamutwe yuzuye, yerekana amahoro kuri firime za kera, televiziyo, ibikoresho bizwi cyane ku murongo wa b, kuzunguruka hamwe na youtube. Abanditsi ba firime banganye amashusho arenga ijana muburenganzira - kuboneka gusa gusa mumakadiri ya San Francisco cyangwa inkengaka.
Birashoboka ko filime yishusho ya San Francisco ni umuco "ukinana" (vertigo, 1958) Alfred Hichkoko. Abanegura "Icyatsi" banegura bita "Recop" y'iyi firime (kuva mu buryo butaziguye "kuzunguruka", ariko uku kwiyubaka ", ariko uku kwiyubaka", ariko uku kwiyubaka ", birasa naho bisa na fantoms ya fantom ya fantom ya fantom Filime ya Hichkok, aho kuba puzzle. Muri "igihu cy'icyatsi kibisi," nko mu "mutwe", guhangayikishwa ", imyifatire yo kumugandukira kandi imutera kumugandukira kugana ku buryo budasobanutse bwo kugaruka kwa kera. Abareba rwose bamenya ikibanza cya firime Hitchcock, ariko kumashyirahamwe gusa numwimerere. Mugihe ukora ku ishusho Maddin hamwe nabanditsi bayo batangajwe ninshuro zimwe zakuwe mu mfuruka imwe yaguye muri lens ya kamera ya cinematografiya, hamwe na mitanese imwe, bisa na buri mibare. Amashusho azwi cyane arasobanura cyane mubumva ko rimwe na rimwe, abayobozi basubiramo imigambi na Clichés, kandi ababumva basoma indorerezi icyarimwe, ndetse batabizi byuzuye. Impanga z'intwari za firime ya Hitchcock, zizenguruka ingendo no gukurikirana izindi mashusho rwose, ntabwo ushishikarize gusa ubwoba bwo kubura ibyo kwibuka, ariko kandi byerekana ubuke buteye ubwoba bwa silinderi.
"Igitsi kibisi" kiragoye kuruta "gusukura" dizziness ": abanditsi bamenyesheje inyongera - icya kabiri - Ukuri. Abashinzwe iperereza, gukora iperereza ku isura y'icyatsi kibisi mu mujyi, ireba Filime, uhereye ku bice byacyo n'umugambi "ukina" ukina urujijo rurutonde. Uyu mugambi urenga projection ibikoresho kandi biteye ubwoba - yatsinze imbibi zukuri kwabanje gutangwa, iva mubuyobozi. Mu nzogera, intwari ntakindi, usibye gusenya amakadiri yatoranijwe.
Abashinzwe iperereza bahindura ego Maddine na Johnson. Mugushakisha igisubizo kubibazo bijyanye na kamere yigihu, intwari zatsitaye kuri clip izwi cyane mu myaka ya za 90 za Boise Band 'N Sync. Kugaragara kw'abasore bafite akazi gahendutse mu ishyamba hafi y'ishyamba rya San Francisco ku buryo basaba umufasha kwerekana "andi" mashyamba. Mu kiruhuko cya tekiniki hagati y'ibitekerezo, umushakashatsi umwe abaza undi ati: "Kandi dushaka iki?" Kandi abona igisubizo nyacyo: "Simbizi." Mu buryo nk'ubwo, abanditsi b'icyatsi kibisi ntabwo bari bazi neza icyo bashaka, ariko bakimara kugaragara mu masaha menshi, ubwo bushakashatsi bwagaragaye, nta ubwenge butangaje afite icyizere. AMAFARANGA zasaga nkaho ubwabo zateguwe mugushimira mumashyirahamwe. Igitekerezo cy'uko Filime zose zifite amabere mato yinjiye muri "Icyatsi kibisi" gishobora kuba gifitanye isano, zahuye n'ikuzimu cy'uko bidashyira mu gaciro - abategetsi b'ibimenyetso hejuru y'ibikoresho bahinduka. Filime ishakisha ukuri, igena aho ya San Francisco kandi irema ishusho yayo. Cinema ireka kuba ibyerekana ukuri, itangira kuyikora.
Mu mwobo we mwiza cyane, Hitchkoku "yambaye ubwicanyi" (yambaye kwica, muri 1980) Brian de Palma yafashe inama y'intwari mu ngoro ndangamurage nta jambo na rimwe. Mubyukuri nyuma yiminota icumi ibihe byose bimara, mugihe hari umukino uhindura inshingano: mumiryango nigitambo, igitambo no gukurikirana. Inzu ndangamurage ni umwanya, uhindurwe n'amashusho asumbuye, bityo - umwanya wo guceceka. Amagambo ya mbere yintwari ya angie dickinson avuga gusa ko yakuweho intambwe, kumupaka wukuri usanzwe. Ugereranije n'amakadiri asa mu nzu ndangamurage yo mu nzu ndangamurage yo mu nzu ndangamurage - iyi ni ndende cyane kandi itinda, ibabaza ibintu bireba. Kubura ibiganiro muribisanzwe kandi ndengakamere icyarimwe.
Maddine (umufana wa Yohana ufite) na Johnson yagiye ku ntambwe ikomeye: bagabanye neza kopi ya bose kuva kuri frame ikoreshwa mu gihu cyatsi gikoreshwa mu gihu cy'icyatsi kibisi. Mu magambo yasobanuraga ibiganiro, habaye intanga, kuruhuka, grimace, ibitekerezo byerekana, gushimangira paradoxique, gushimangira ingaruka z'amagambo adasanzwe. Kugirango uhindure ibintu bisomye, byanze bikunze bikomoka kubitekerezaho gukurura, birakenewe kubona ko amashusho atambuwe nubusobanuro. Ukurikije uko byerekanwe mubyukuri hagati yamagambo, nuburambe byegeranijwe mugihe cyibindi bya firime hamwe nibintu bimwe bisanzwe, urashobora kugarura ibirimo. Ariko uku Kwakira ntabwo aribyo rwose kugirango abareba kurenga ku kibazo cyamahirwe. Ahubwo, kugirango dusuzume igice kidasobanukiwe rwose tutakoresheje imikasi yinteko, guhisha inyuma yigitugu cy'umwanditsi nubushakashatsi bwerekana imitekerereze yanduye, bimenyereye guhuza interuro hamwe ninteruro.
Amakadiri hamwe nigishushanyo cyabarwanyi bo muri Norrs 1990 bashyizwe mu buryo bwuje urukundo mu gice cya kabiri cya firime munsi yizina "Catatoniya". Katatoniya, cyangwa ubwugaze, nuko bidatunguranye rwose kubona mubikorwa bya Norris, ariko bitanga byinshi - byukuri kwifuza biherereye. Maddine na Johnson bituma abashyitsi bashidikanya ukuri kwimyumvire yabo, yitondera urwego rwo guhimbaza no kugandukira code n'amahame yashizweho mu nganda.
Imwe mu nteruro nke, nyuma ya byose, kuvura muri "Fog fog": "Imijyi yo mwisi irapfa." Mu mwanya wabo hari ibisimba na polyps, bihutira kujya mu byiciro byinyubako. Kandi ntabwo ari inyubako - inkuru, kwibuka hamwe nubunararibonye. Muri "icyatsi kibisi" cakade ikomeza, amateka yo mu mujyi abwirwa - kuva ahagana ahari ku isi ya San Francisco no kurimbuka kwuzuye uyu mujyi. Ibisarurwa by'ibyago, kandi birashoboka, igihu cyicyatsi cyicyatsi cyari kimeze - kandi iki nikimwe gusa mubisobanuro bishoboka. Umujyi, wangiritse n'umutingito, wanditse mu mugambi w'amashusho, ku rundi, mu nkuru nyayo, ahanini zisanzwe mu gutura ku nkombe z'Abanyamerika. Amatongo muri byinshi - Ishusho ya reflexivivivivivivivivivivivivivivivivivivivie, gutekereza ku nkomoko yabo. Gushakisha no kwinjiza muri firime yamakadiri menshi yo gusenya umujyi ari amaso, ari uw'icyiciro cyerekana ubwiza. Itera ubwoba, itanga imyumvire y'ahohe yo gukora no gufungura ubushobozi bwo kutamenya ubwenge.
Usibye "dizziness", Maddine hamwe nabanditsi bayo bagize byibuze irindi soko ryo guhumekwa - film ya John Carpenter "Igicu, 1980). Ntabwo ari kunyura mu gice cy'agace gusa, ahubwo no ku myifatire yerekeye umujyi. Muri umubaji wa film, umujyi wa Antonio Bay urimo kwitegura kwizihiza ikinyejana uhereye umunsi wa Fondasiyo, ariko ibiruhuko bitwikiriye ibintu bisanzwe bitazwi - igihu cyakonje gikonje gihita kiva mu nyanja. Umugani w'amahanga, wabwiye Prolog, avuga ko ubwato bwafashe ubwato bugera ku nkombe kugira ngo bashinge umuturage, kurohama, kugerageza kwegera umuriro ugaragara ku nkombe. Igihu cyihishe mu itsinda Akaga ko ubwato bwamato. Abakozi b'ubwo bwato baracyaruhukira hepfo, ariko amaso yabo arakinguye. Igihu, cyajyanye mu bwato, kirazimira ntagereranywa, kuko abantu bose bavuze ko igifu kizagaruka, abantu baryama mu nyanja, kandi abantu baryamye mu nyanja, bazashaka. ku rupfu rukabije. Mu gihu gihisha abazimu bijimye, bafite inyota. Filime ya Maddine na Johnson ni kugaruka kw'igihu, ariko, iki gihe ntabwo kiri mu kigobe cyangiritse (hafi ya Los Angeles (hafi ya Los Angeles), kandi i San Francisco. Kubwibyo, ntabwo ari abakozi, ahubwo ni ishusho yibagiwe.
Umubaji yamenyesheje inshuro nyinshi ingaruka za Hitchcock kuri firime ze, "igikinisho" kivuga ko kuvugana "Laye" Edgar Allan. Umubaji yafashe imirongo avuye ku nkuru nka Epigraph, Hichkok yaremye muri filime ye paraphrase y'ibikorwa by'ubuvanganzo. Byongeye kandi, umwe mu nshingano muri "TUman" akora Janet Lee - Umukinnyi wa Filichovskaya, mu myaka myinshi yabaye ikibazo cy'abakinnyi "psycho, maze umukobwa wa Lee Curtis mu myaka ya za 70 na 1980 azaba umwe Mu bakinnyi bakifuza cyane ba mubaji kandi bazakina uruhare runini muri "tuman". Maddin ubwe na we yasabye gukorana, ariko, mu buryo butaziguye binyuze mu muhanzi wa Odylone Reden. Filime "Odilon Reton, cyangwa ijisho, kuzamuka ubuziraherezo, nka ballon" (odilon reton cyangwa ijisho nka ballon idahwitse yo mu mashusho yumuhanzi, yangirika cyane y'imivugo byose bimwe. A. P. Hirya no hino "igihu cyicyatsi" kirwanya ubumwe bwibanga ku isi yose itagaragara ya "Ubuhanzi bwinzozi".
Umubaji "igihu" na "uzunguruka" wa Hichkok iherereye ku nkingi zitandukanye: bidashyira mu gaciro (bikabije - biteye ubwoba - imigezi y'amayobera) kandi purdiller). Muri "igihu cyicyatsi", izo antipode yemewe, mugihe ikomeje kuranga, kubyara ishusho nshya yemeza.
Wibagiwe, ubundi firime zitazwi ziba idirishya rizaza rya cinema, kuko zerekana ko no muburyo bwabo bakomeje kubaho kuburyo imbaraga zabo zidahunze, nubwo "urugomo", rwakozwe no kuzenguruka. Ndashimira "igihu cyicyatsi", iyi firime zikora uburyo bushya nuburyo bushya, kurekura imbaraga zumuremyi kandi ushiremo ingufu zidafite uburyohe bwibintu bitamenyerewe, bidafite ishingiro, imiterere. "Icyatsi kibisi" ni urwego rwinshi, abazimu bambaye umwenda, aho amateka yumujyi, firime, ibitekerezo byimiterere nubwihindurize bwururimi rwa firime bihujwe.