Yakuts yerekana abantu benshi ba Siberiya. Uyu munsi hari abantu bagera ku bihumbi 500 barinjira muri aya moko. Amoko ya Yakut yasohoye igihugu cyabo, arokoka mubihe bibi muri kano karere no kwiga iterambere ryibice gakondo byibikorwa byabantu. Aba bantu bari mu rubyiruko ruhagije - bwa mbere abakurambere babo bavuzwe mu kinyejana cya XIV. Igitangaje, ariko mu ntangiriro amana ya Yakuts yabayeho mu turere dutandukanye rwose, kandi mubyo utunze ubu byarahinduye kuva kera. Ni iki cyashize cy'abaturage ba Sakha, yakuga ubwabo yiyita iki? Nigute umubano wabo numoko uturanye no gushiraho abantu ubwabo babaye?
Yakuta - Sakha na "Demagods"
Muri Yakuts ni rusange, kwiyuhagira kwabo kwa kera ni Sakha cyangwa Sakhalar. Rimwe na rimwe, biyita Uranhai, ariko iyi yo kwiyitira ntabwo yakoreshejwe, ikabikwa gusa mumigenzo yaho. Iyi nyiteyo yeruye hamwe nijambo "Uryanhai", nkuko imiryango ya kera ya Mongoliya yitwaga. Ibitekerezo nkibi byigihe kirekire cyabakurambere ba Yakuts na Mongoliya. Hariho verisiyo nyinshi zinkomoko ya Yakuts. Niba kandi umwe muribo ashingiye ku makuru y'abacukuzimu n'amateka, abandi basa n'imigani.
Abanditsi b'amafarasi ya kera yari yakuts ubwabo. Muri aba bantu, umugani wari usanzwe muri Stin ko abantu ba mbere b'isi bahagarariye abaturage babo. Umugabo wa mbere Er Sogotok Elii yari ukomoka mu ijuru ava mu ijuru. Yakut ya mbere yagaragaye hamwe numugore we wisi na Yakut ya mbere yagaragaye. Igishimishije, kugeza na nubu, Yakuts afite ijambo risobanura imiryango yabo. Byahinduwe mu nshinga yabo, bisobanura "imana". Birumvikana ko atari byoroheje cyane, ariko kwitangira imyizerere ya kera bitera kubahwa utabishaka.
Gushiraho abantu
Ariko ndasaba gusubira muri siyanse yemewe. Abashakashatsi benshi bakunda kuba abakurambere nyamukuru yabaturage ari amoko ya Kurkan. Bari umunyabwenegihugu wabaga muri Siberiya. Birashoboka ko KARKAANS yagabanijwemo amatsinda atatu, aho abantu babifitanye isano mugihe kizaza. Mu ikubitiro, abakurambere ba Yakut batuye mu kibaya cya Yenisei, ariko bahatiwe kwimukira mu gace ka Baikal. Ni iki cyateje inzibacyuho? Nk'uko byatangajwe n'umuhanga mu by'amateka V.A.stpanov, basunika Kurkanov mu gushakisha ibihugu bishya bashoboraga kuba mu moko, ndetse n'abakandamijwe n'abasirikare babo barwana.
Mugihe cyo kwimuka, Kuryans avanze nabantu baho, bahinduka ishingiro ryo kugaragara kwamoko mashya - yakuts. Mu kinyejana cya XV, yakut amoko yimuka muri transacdaikalia kuri Lena Pool, Ahalyuya na Vétiya. Ngaho, bahindurwa nabasangwabutaka, ariko ibice byabaturage bashoboye kwimura andis kandi bunguka mubihugu byabo.
Igikorwa Yakuts
Mu bihe bigoye byo mu turere twamajyaruguru, Yakuta yashoboye guteza imbere ubworozi no korora inka. Ubwoko bwihariye bw'inka bwari Bred - Yakuskaya - byari byiza ubuzima mu kirere gikaze cyo mu majyaruguru. Mu kinyejana cya XVII, abaturage yakut bashoboye kwagura ubwonko bw'inka mu turere twa Arctique y'ibihugu byabo. Mu gihe cyo kuragira, amahame ya Aindeer yateye imbere, amahame ya Yakuts yafashwe ava mu tudus. Iki gihe cyari igihe cyumunsi we wakuze kubantu. Yitwa Epoch ya Taght Darhan, umutware wimiryango ya Yakut azwi numigani myinshi. Irashobora kwitwa intwari yukuri yiri shyanga. Akademik A.P .OBladnikov mugitabo cye "Amateka Yakutia" yaranditse ati:
Yakutia mu Burusiya
Kuva mu 1623, iterambere rya Yakutia Ikirusiya riratangira. Iya mbere muri kano karere yagaragaye ko pastery Paythey Polonye, yakomotse ku rugendo rwa Lena. Mu 1632, Peter Beketov yashinzwe n'umujyi wa mbere w'u Burusiya, Lensky Osburi. Kuva muri iki gihe, isi ya Yakuts yabaye igice cy'Uburusiya. Tumenye ko imbaraga z'Abarusiya za Yakuts zemewe bidasobanutse neza. Yakusky OsGrige (umwe wiswe Lensky) mu 1634 yagoswe no gutandukanya abantu benshi. Yakuts yashakaga kwirukana ibisebe, ariko igitero cyabo kiragaragara. Mu bihe biri imbere, imyigaragange yarakomeje, kandi bamwe muri Yakuts bahatiwe gusubira mu turere twa kure. Tugomba gufatwa nk'ububasha bw'Abarusiya muri Yakutia byazanye impinduka mbi gusa no kurenga ku burenganzira bw'abaturage. Ikwirakwizwa ry'ubukristo ryagize uruhare mu kuzamura urwego rw'uburezi n'iterambere ry'ibitekerezo by'uburezi muri Yakuts. Abarusiya ba Yuda yakubitiya bafashe amahame y'ubuhinzi, batangiye gushyira mu bikorwa mu bihugu byabo. Imidugudu minini n'imijyi yatangiye kugaragara, iterambere ryari rishingiye ku bucuruzi buhoraho n'abarusiya.
Ibihe bishya kuri Yakuts
Gutezimbere ubushobozi bwinganda bwa Yaktia ku gihe cy'Abasoviyeti. Mu myaka ya za 1920, iterambere rya Altai yahagaritse zahabu riratangira. Uruhare rukomeye mu buzima bwa Yaktia rwarinzwe no kubaka icyambu cya Tiki, tukishimira inzira yo kohereza yatangiye guhambira mu turere twahagurutse. Hagati mu kinyejana gishize, imirima myinshi ya diyama yari gufungurwa na Yakuta, byatanze iterambere ry'inganda zitanga diyama. Mu 1991, igihugu cya Yakut cyatangajwe na Repubulika ya Sakha (Yakutia). Muri icyo gihe, inzibacyuho ku mahame y'isoko ry'ubukungu ibaho, imishinga iri kubiriga, uburyo butandukanye bwo gutunga buri munsi.
Amateka ya Yakuts afungura impapuro nyinshi zitoroshye mubihe byiki gihugu. Ishema kandi rihoraho, Saha yize kurwanya ibizamini bitandukanye - biturutse ku bitero byibyago bitera imiryango ituranye. Bizera ko ibihe bya ruguru bikubaho bizakomeza ejo hazaza, ariko, kandi ntugomba kwibagirwa ibyahise. "Ese ifarashi, hazabaho indogobe; Umugani wa Wakut wa kera wakut habaye icyuma, mu mugani wa Wakut uvuze. Kandi hamwe naya magambo ntashobora kumvikana.