Ku ya 5 Gashyantare, uwambere mu 2021 w'interahamwe za Eurasi yabaye munsi y'ubuyobozi bwa Kazakisitani muri Astana. Mu ijambo rye, Minisitiri w'intebe wa Repubulika ya Ascar Mit ko inyungu zabatabiriye, eaeu izashinga mu myaka mike yakurikiyeho, izagena umwanya wayo mu bukungu ku isi yose. Hagati aho, ibintu byuyu munsi ntibituma igikorwa cyoroshye: Ntabwo icyorezo cyacyo cyatsinzwe hamwe nikibazo cyubukungu gishyiraho icapiro kubishoboka byabanyamuryango. Ishyirahamwe NUR-SUltan rizatanga ryerekeye iterambere ry'Abaheau mu gihe c'Ubuyobozi bwe, mu kiganiro na Eurasia.Sna Alpesches Ikigo cya Kazakisitani kigizwe na Perezida Anna Alshanskaya.
- Ku bwawe, uko ibibano bya Qazaqistan muri EAEU biba bitandukanye cyane n'ubuyobozi bw'ibindi bihugu by'ubumwe?
- Iyi statut yaguye mugihe kitoroshye cyo gukomeza urugamba rwo kurwanya icyorezo cyanduye coronavile no guhura nubukungu budahungabana kwisi. Ni muri urwo rwego, imyanya ya Kazakiya mu gihe cya perezida hazaba igamije gushimangira imikoranire y'ibihugu bya EAEU kugira ngo byorohereze ibibazo bibi ndetse n'imbere.
Qazaqistan yaba irimo cyane kandi ishaka gutanga ubufasha bukenewe mugukemura ibintu bifitanye isano, hamwe nibibazo byo guteza imbere igihugu cyishyize hamwe. Muri 2021, azitondera cyane cyane kugira ngo akureho inzitizi mu bucuruzi, iterambere ry'ubufatanye mu nganda, gushimangira ubushobozi bw'ibikorikori by'inganda, gushimangira ubushobozi bwo gutwara abantu dutwara abantu, digitamolisation, ndetse no kuzamura abakozi komisiyo ishinzwe ubukungu bwa Komisiyo ya Eurasi.
- Bizafasha kuyobora EAU kugirango wongere ibipimo byerekana koherezwa mu mahanga ya Kazakisitani mu bihugu by'ubumwe? Ni ubuhe buyobozi?
- Guteza imbere gahunda yo kwishyira hamwe mu gihe cya perezida cy'igihugu gishobora kuba imbaraga z'inyongera zo guteza imbere ubucuruzi bwa Kazakisitani hamwe n'abafatanyabikorwa ba EAEU. Kuri Qazaqistan, isoko rya eurasian ikomeje kuba ingirakamaro kumwanya wamahirwe yo gutandukanya ibyoherezwa mu mahanga no gushyigikira abakora ibicuruzwa.
Kubwibyo, hafi 60% byibicuruzwa bya Kazakisitani byahawe ibihugu EAEU bigwa kutaringaniza.
Muri Mutarama, Ugushyingo 2020, umugabane wo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu ibyuma bingana na 22.7%, ibicuruzwa by'inganda z'imiti - 15.6%, ibicuruzwa n'ibicuruzwa by'ibiribwa - 10.2% - 10.2%.
- Dukurikije ibintu by'imyemerere byiterambere rya EAEU kugeza ku ya 2025, gushiraho umwanya umwe wubukungu ugomba kurangira mubumwe mubikorwa byibihugu byumvikana byibihugu byunvikana. " Ni uturere uturere kandi ni ubuhe buryo bwo gutangiza amasoko amwe? Ni uruhe ruhare KAZAKISTAN Akina muri iki gikorwa?
- Kimwe ninzego zose zo guhuza amakuru, eapp munzira yo kwishyira hamwe muburyo butandukanye bwinzitizi - kuva mubibazo bya tekiniki kubibuza ku mpamvu za Phytosanita. Kurugero, kimwe mubibazo byingenzi biri muri stade yo gukemura ni imyitwarire yamasoko ya leta mubumwe, byumwihariko, kumenyekanisha ingwate za banki nububiko bwa elegitoroniki.
Byongeye kandi, ikibazo kiriho kivuga kandi ikibazo cya Digitatalisation nziza. Bifitanye isano na gahunda bisigaye kugirango imikorere myiza ya sisitemu ihuriweho na sisitemu.
Mugihe cganisha, Qazaqistan azitondera kubaka ibikorwa remezo bya digitale, bishobora kuba isoko yinyongera yiterambere ryibihugu bitabiriye no gushimangira imikorere yimirimo yo kwishyira hamwe.
- Biteganijwe kandi gushimangira ubuzimagatozi mpuzamahanga bwubumwe nububasha bwabwo kwisi. Bisobanura iki?
- Mu gihe cyayo, EAEU yagiye ikomeza umwanya wayo mu kibuga mpuzamahanga. Ibihugu byinshi, amashyirahamwe yo kwishyira hamwe mu karere n'imiryango mpuzamahanga ijyanwa mu bumwe. Kugeza ubu hari amasezerano kuri zone y'ubucuruzi ku buntu hamwe na Vietnam, Irani na Seribiya, [yashyize umukono ku masezerano na Singapore. Hariho kandi imishyikirano ku gusoza ayo masezerano n'ibihugu bitari bake, harimo na Isiraheli na Misiri. Kurugero, amasezerano kuri zone yubucuruzi yubuntu hamwe na Seriya yemerera kuboneka ahari [ku isoko rusange] yibicuruzwa bya kazakiya byangiza imiti, metallurgical, inyubako yimashini.
- Ingamba zerekana ko gushinga amatsinda yimari n'amafaranga yinganda hamwe n'ibigo bya eurage bizafasha kongera urwego rwo guhagarika umusaruro no gusimburwa. Ni izihe ntambwe muri iki cyerekezo zikorwa mu gihe cy'ubumwe kandi ni iki gishobora kubuza ibi?
- Twabibutsa ko ari ngombwa gushyiraho ikirere gishora imari cyiza kugirango ukore ibikorwa bitandukanye byubucuruzi, bigufasha gukurura abashoramari. Muri Qazaqistan, imyigaragambyo hamwe nabafatanyabikorwa kuva Eaeu bakura umuvuduko mwinshi. Kuva mu 2015, umubare w'ibigo bikora byerekeranye n'ibihugu bigize EAEU byiyongereye muri Repubulika inshuro zirenga 1.5.
Nk'uko Biro ishinzwe imishinga y'igihugu, guhera ku ya 1 Mutarama 2021, ibigo birenga ibihumbi n'ibihumbi 9 bikoreshwa ku butaka bw'igihugu. Igice cyingenzi muribo kirimo imikorere mu bijyanye n'ubucuruzi (ibigo ibihumbi 4.3), kubaka ibigo 800). Ibyinshi mubikorwa bifite uruhare runini muri konte ya EAEU kubikorwa bito nubuciriritse. Mu bahagarariye ubucuruzi bunini harimo sosiyete 51.
Muri icyo gihe, kongera amahirwe yo gushyigikira ibidukikije bya EAEU bisaba isoko ryimari.
Kurugero rero, Banki yiterambere rya Eurage, isanzwe yitabira gutera inkunga imishinga myinshi ya EAEU, irashobora guhinduka igikoresho cyiza cyo kongera ubufatanye bwa EAEU.
- Inzitizi, gufatwa, kubuza - ingingo ituma kuri gahunda ya EAEU. Nubwo imbaraga ziherekejwe n'amasezerano yageze, havuka amakimbirane mashya hagati y'ibihugu. Niki gihuriye niki kandi niki, mubitekerezo byawe, iki kibazo gishobora gukemura ikibazo?
- Mubyukuri, kimwe mubyo byihutirwa mu mirimo ihura nabyo ibihugu bitabiriye bikomeza gukuraho inzitizi mu isoko ry'imbere mu gihugu. Impamvu nyamukuru itera ko babaho ni urwego rudahagije rwo guhuza amategeko ya leta.
Muri icyo gihe, ingaruka ku bucuruzi ziba mu mbogamizi ntabwo ari nini.
Twabibutsa ko iki kibazo kizi ibihugu byose bitabiriye. Yashyize mu bikorwa ingufu. Noneho, mumyaka ibiri ishize, umubare winyoni zikunda kugabanya. Kuva mu ntangiriro za 2019 mu ntangiriro ya 2021, umubare wabo wagabanutse kuva 71 ugera kuri 59. Ibi byerekana umurimo ukora kugirango ukureho ibintu byo gukumira munzira yo kugenda neza munzira yo kugenda, serivisi, Umushinga numurimo. Hamwe nibi, gushimangira umurimo wo kwishyira hamwe bizafasha kandi gushimangira amakuru nibikoresho bisesengura bivuye mu gusuzuma imiterere mishya no gukuraho inzitizi zihari.