Mu rutonde rwa ba perezida bakingiwe cyane, abategetsi b'Abanyamerika basanzwe muri batatu ba mbere. Kenshi na kenshi, bakora abaperezida b'Abashinwa n'abarusiya, ariko, hari ibitemewe cyangwa guhitamo "hasi". By'umwihariko, abaperezida bahinduka muri Amerika, kandi barashobora kugira imyumvire itandukanye kumutekano wabo: Impanda ya Donald, bivugwa ko yashakaga ingamba zinyongera, kandi ababanjirije bafataga koroshya.
Tuzakubwira ibintu bimwe bishimishije bijyanye nigikorwa cyinzego zumutekano za ba perezida ba Amerika.
Duhereye kuri firime, tuzi ko hari hypers zumutekano wujuje ibisabwa cyane, kimwe nikoranabuhanga ryinshi, kandi ubundi buryo bwubatswe hirya no hino "potus" (PETUS - Perezida wa Amerika). Ariko kubijyanye nabyo kuba hafi ya Perezida no kubisimbuza, kurugero, kabiri ni cyoroshye. Cyangwa gufata "nimero ya mbere". Ariko iri kuri ecran, mubyukuri ibintu byose biratandukanye.
Ifoto: Amateka ya Bloorberg
Umuryango wa 19 White House watangiye gushinga mu gice cya mbere cyikinyejana cya 19 hayobowe na James Madeeso - Perezida wa kane w'umunyamerika. Yateguye amacakubiri avuye ku bita "imitwe yitwara gisirikare" - abasivili bitwaje intwaro badafite imyitozo ya gisirikare. Imyitwarire yabo yashakaga kuri zeru ukurikije ibipimo biriho, ariko byateje kwibeshya.
Nyuma, kugerageza gushyiraho umuzamu uhoraho wumuzungu, barimo "abapolisi batoranijwe" mubasirikare. Nyuma yimyaka 30 gusa nyuma yo gutangiza Madison, mugihe abaperezida batandatu bahindutse, prototype yumurimo wibanga yagaragaye - hamwe nabakozi bahoraho barinda inyubako nkuru yigihugu, biragaragara kandi byihishe.
Thomas O'Neill yabaye umurinzi wa mbere wa perezida wa Amerika - Franklin Pierce. Byari Pier wazanye perimetero ebyiri z'umutekano: uwambere yita ku isambu, icya kabiri - yerekeye umuntu wa mbere wa Leta. Ubu buryo bukoreshwa ubu.
Ifoto: ObamaWitehouse.archives.gov.
Ingamba n'amategeko kubikorwa byuburinzi byatejwe imbere buhoro buhoro. Kugira ngo ntahindure inzu yera mu rufatiro rwa gisirikare, yarinze ko yahisemo kujya mu bikorwa by'imico, kandi intwaro byihishe yihishe. Ibice bishya byagaragaye, bitanga uburinzi mu gihe cy'urugendo rwa Perezida, ndetse n'inkunga nibiba ngombwa cyangwa hagaragaye iterabwoba nyaryo cyangwa rivugwa. Biragaragara ko benshi noneho ibimenyetso byuburinzi bimukiye muri kijyambere.
Kurinda byakuze cyane, amafaranga yayo yakuze. Iterambere ryagize uruhare mu makimbirane y'imbere n'iterabwoba kubaterabwoba. Mu myaka ya 1865, byakozwe mu mirimo y'ibanga muri iki gihe (icyo gihe imwe mu mirimo yayo nyamukuru ni intambara yo kurwanya amafaranga y'impimbano), mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20 yafashe umurinzi w'isaha na Perezida - Ibi byabaye nyuma yicwa rya William Mcquinley. Kuva icyo gihe, perezida umwe gusa w'umunyamerika yapfuye - John F. Kennedy.
Ifoto: Umurinzi
Nyuma y'intambara ya mbere y'isi yose, White House yari afite abapolisi bayo bahoraho, yahise ashyikirizwa serivisi y'ibanga. Inshingano z'aba nyuma zirimo kurengera urutonde rwiyongera kwa Perezida n'imbaraga.
Ubutoni nyuma ya 1997 kandi abaperezida besedrangirijwe imyaka 10, kandi ntabwo ari mubuzima bwose, nka mbere.
Uyu munsi
Abakozi ibihumbi icumi bishora mu kurengera Perezida w'umunyamerika n'umuryango we, ariko igice gito gusa kirimo gukorana numuntu wambere. Imyitozo nk'iyi ibaho mu bihugu byinshi - kwemeza "ku mubiri" ugomba kunyura mu igenzura rinini zikomeza muri serivisi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibikorwa remezo biragumbuye cyane: Hano haribikoze kugenzura no kugenzura igenzura - byose birigishijwe inshuro nyinshi.
Ndashaka Kurinda
Kugira ngo urengere Perezida, ntibihagije kugira amashuri yisumbuye, ubuzima bwiza, imitsi misa na ishyaka ryo gukora amategeko ayo ari yo yose - hano uzagomba gukora. Kugirango ikibazo gisubireke gusa, birakenewe kuba umunyamerika utarageza ku myaka 21 kandi ntarengerewe imyaka 37), kugira uburenganzira bwa leta), bifite uburenganzira), bwiza (ntabwo ari cyiza) cyangwa icyerekezo cyiza) cyangwa icyerekezo cyiza Gukosora, kimwe no guhagarara kuri konti ya gisirikare (kwiyandikisha - Icyifuzo, ariko serivise iteganijwe mu ngabo z'Amerika ntabwo yakorwaga kuva 1973: Ubu ni bwo burenganzira, ntabwo ari kimwe).
Ifoto: Serivisi ishinzwe ibanga
Umukandida akeneye kwerekana amashuri yatsinze muri kaminuza yemewe (isuzuma rikorwa mu cyiciro cyo kugereranya, aho byibuze ari 1, ntarengwa - amanota 4). Usaba agomba kuba afite byibuze amanota 3, agomba kurangiza kaminuza muri kimwe cya gatatu cyibyiza. Ariko hariho icyuho cyo gutsinda: kwiga umwaka nigice mu ishuri ryarangije, hakurikiraho umukoro w'icyiciro rusange cyangwa ufite uburambe ku kazi runaka (urugero, iperereza, ni ingirakamaro kuri serivisi y'ibanga.
Noneho urwego rwo gupima ubumenyi nubushobozi bwisesengura biza, reba ubushobozi bwo kwerekana ibitekerezo byabo, harimo kumpapuro, umarane ibibazo no kubazwa (nka "abantu mwirabura" gusa). Usaba ategekwa kugira amahugurwa meza yumubiri - bizanagenzura nkamateka yindwara.
Ibihe byimibereho biga: Kuba ahari kurenga ku mategeko (niba aribyo, rwose wanze), kwishyura igihembo, nibindi. Muri icyo gihe, ikinyoma kibeshya gihujwe: Kuba inyangamugayo ntibizahinduka itike yo kumwanya ukurikira, ariko ibinyoma bizashyira hamwe umusaraba ku mwuga ushoboka.
Niba ibintu byose bigenda neza, biri imbere ni amezi atatu cyangwa ane ya mahugurwa akomeye mu kigo cyihariye, hanyuma - amahugurwa "ku kiruhuko", ku mubiri na psychologiya, amezi atandatu. Byongeye kandi, ugomba kuba witeguye kwiga "ibyo ukunda" - nka perezida uriho (urugero, kugendera). Biragaragara ko ari ukubera iki: Umuntu wa mbere akeneye guherekeza ahantu hose.
Ifoto: Uburahuri
Kurinda byahuguwe no kwihuta niba imodoka yahindutse kugirango uhite ucirwa kurugamba nibiba ngombwa. Cyangwa va muri kajugujugu, uhinduka mumazi hamwe ninda hejuru. Kandi boherejwe mucyumba cyuzuyemo gaze y'amarira ... Iyi ni wongeyeho kurasa, kurwana intoki, gukurikirana, n'ibindi "bishimishije", igihe Irindi tsinda riragerageza kuyikuraho. Kandi umuntu akina umuntu wingenzi. Kurasa bikorwa n'amasasu bya plastike bisiga ibimenyetso: hashingiwe kumyitozo urashobora kubona ingingo zintege nke.
Ariko ibintu byinshi (hafi ya yose) imyigire ishyirwa mu byiciro: Abanzi ntibasinzira.
Abasirikare buri mwaka bahinduka abantu 100 babangamiwe mu mutwe bati: "Nta munsi mubi nta munsi w'ibanga." Ubufasha? Noneho hari umushahara uva ku bihumbi 50 kugeza ku gihumbi 145 kumwaka wigihumbi (bigaragara ko nta misoro), bitewe ninyandiko no gutwara.
Hanyuma ukore imyitozo inshuro nyinshi.
Ifoto: Twitter.com/secreservice izamu
Ingendo zose za Perezida wa Amerika zarateganijwe mbere, Amateur agerageza guhagarara. Inzira zisanzwe zitekerezwaho amezi menshi, bigwa kandi bagatera imbere kugirango uburebure bwose bufite amahirwe yihuse kubigo byubuvuzi, aho ibice bidasanzwe biri ku kazi mugihe cyurugendo.
Imihanda ya moteri ya perezida Perezida (niba itaguruka kuri kajugujugu), isukurwa mumodoka, kandi icyarimwe bakoresha imbwa zidasanzwe gushakisha ibisasu hamwe no mumazu. Ibi biriyongera kuri snipers hejuru yinzu na drones mwijuru.
Ifoto: Amakuru ya NBC
Muri "kwiyamamaza" ubufasha bwambere, gutanga amaraso bikubiyemo guterwa - Inkomoko zimwe na zimwe ziyita na Trempovsky udushya, ariko sibyo. Abashinzwe umutekano kugiti cyabo nabo bagomba gutanga ubufasha bwambere bwambere, butagarukira gusa ku bambari cyangwa ubushobozi bwo gushushanya indwara ya "potu" kugeza igihe cyo gutanga ubufasha bujuje ibisabwa.
Imyitozo nk'iyi yabayeho kuva 1981, igihe yageragezaga i Ronald Reagan, kandi abarinzi ntibahise bamenya igikomere kibisi mu bihaha - batekereje ko byangijwe gusa n'inkombe. Birashoboka, igitero cyagabwe kuri Reagan cyatumye hagaragara irindi tegeko: kuganira nabashobora kuba abagizi ba nabi.
Nibyo, abakozi ba serivisi y'ibanga (cyangwa andi macakubiri) baboneka hamwe nabantu bashobora kuba bariganya umuntu wa mbere mugihe cye. Ubusanzwe buherereye kuri "cheque" kuri polisi yaho, itanga amakuru. Mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, "ibintu bitari byizewe" byoherejwe mu tubari cyangwa kutabogama ukundi, bavugana nabo, kuburira inshingano kandi ko bari munsi ya cap. Mubihe bidasanzwe, birashoboka kwigunga.
Ifoto: Ubushakashatsi bwumwuga - Iresearchnet
Reagan akora iki? John Hinckiley Jr. warashe kuri we, mbere yibyo, "Stalkil" Johnny Carter kandi ntabwo yitaye kuri joody foster. Abayobozi barabizi, ariko ingamba zihagije ntizigeze zifata.
Havugwa ko perezida w'umunyamerika atigeze akomeza kuba wenyine: Umuzamu aramukurikira ndetse no mu musarani (kutitabira "ibikorwa" bya mbere "". kutajyana. Dufate ko abakozi b'ibanga bashobora kugenzurwa gusa kugira ngo bagenzure, kandi uko byagenda kose, uko byagenda kose, bazwiho amabanga ahishwa abasigaye. Urugero rubi rwatanzwe Gary Byrne, kurinda Clep Clinton.
"Ubwoya" ni ibyumba bya hoteri aho perezida ahagarara. Ninde, nukuvuga, kurya ibiryo byateguwe nabatetsi ku giti cyabo - kandi abatetsi bakora bayobowe nabarinzi. Muri Amahoto ya baperezida, ntibitotomba cyane: mugihe bagezeho, abakozi bafite amateka yubugizi bwa nabi boherejwe ku kaga guhembwa. Ubuzima buhagarara kumagorofa akikije, hamwe nubuzima bwingenzi, abakiriya boroheje ntibashobora gukoresha.
Ifoto: Twitter.com/secretservice.
Hariho kandi imyitozo yo kurasa amashusho yose yigendera kuri perezida - mugihe "hari ibitagenda neza." Inyandiko nkiyi igufasha gusuzuma iyi postpactum yabaye, menya imbaraga zishoboka mumutekano cyangwa wabuze iterabwoba. Ku byerekeye akantu, serivise y'ibanga ikesha Video yafashe umuntu wajugunye ikintu runaka mu gihe cya Perezida wa Amerika mu gihe cyo gusurwa muri Club ya Mar-Lago.
Mu nzira, amadarubindi y'ingabo za Perezida ntabwo ari meza kandi ntabwo ari icyifuzo cyo kureba neza (gikonje?). Kandi ntabwo ari uburinzi bwinshi ku miti miramire cyangwa icyorezo, kimwe n'amazi ateye ubwoba. Abakozi rero bahishe amaso kubintu byo kwitegereza - hafi rwose yikirahure bazenguruka poroteyine za poroteyine nka chameleons.
Ikindi kintu gishimishije kiva mubuzima bwumurinzi wa Perezida wa Amerika: Binyuranye no kwibeshya, ntibarahiye kurwanirira ku buzima bwabo. Nibyo, bafite imyitozo kugirango umutekano wabo ntarengwa, nibiba ngombwa, gutwikira umubiri (no gukora), ariko igitambo nkicyo ntabwo.
Kandi indege, imodoka na serivisi
Usibye abashinzwe umutekano, hari serivisi nyinshi zinyongera zemeza umutekano wa Pyutus. Muri garage hari igishoro 9-ton limousines (munsi ya kode yinkoko inyamaswa) wongeyeho imashini ziherekeza zihinduwe cyane mubikenewe byihariye.
Saantimetero y'ibyuma, byashimangiwe Windows, byashimangiwe muri plastiki na ceramics, muri sisitemu yo kurinda kandi bifatika kandi bikaba byerekeranye n'inyamaswa, ibi byose bishobora guhagarika hafi igitero cyagatatu. Sisitemu yo gutumanaho irafunzwe kandi ntizifitanye isano n'isi - ihora ku nsinga hamwe na Visi-Perezida na Pentagoni. Byongeye kandi, mu buryo butaziguye n'imodoka, Perezida ashobora gucunga igitero cya kirimbuzi - 20-kg ivalisi iherereye hafi y'amaboko y'umukozi wihariye.
Abashoferi b'imodoka nkizo baratojwe - ntabwo byoroshye gutunganya "umupolisi" uhindukirira imodoka apima toni 9.
Perezida w'umunyamerika araguruka ku ndege ya VC-25, aribwo buryo bwa gisirikare bwa Boeing 747, burinzwe na Amy mu gihe cyo gukubita kirimbuzi. Borf akwiye mateka atandukanye, rero tuvuga ibintu bike kumutwe. Ingano ya "uruhande rwa mbere" ni abantu 26, irashobora kandi gutwara abagenzi 76. Hariho farumi yigenga, "farumasi", abanze ubunanze n'ibindi bikoresho. Indege irashobora kumvikana mu ndege. Ariko ikintu gishimishije kuri we kirashyizwe ahagaragara (harimo amakuru kuri buri sisitemu ya Avionic).
Isaha yindege igura abasoreshwa kugeza ku gihumbi 180, ariko indege ebyiri ziherereye mu kirere, niko imibare, ikigaragara, igomba kugwizwa na bibiri.
Isosiyete ni Inama y'igihugu ya Perezida C-5 Ubwikorezi bwa Gisirikare ya C-5, itwara ibikoresho (harimo Limousine) n'ibikoresho kugira ngo bibeho neza. Ahantu harindiriye kajugujugu yisaha ikoresha mugihe bigoye kwimukira kumodoka.
Mu mwanya kugira ngo ihumurizwe na Perezida, ingabo "ziyongera" zigera ku gihumbi zigera ku gihumbi zigera ku gihumbi - umuntu akeneye kwishora mubyerekanwa. Urugero rwa Trump i Yeruzalemu, nk'urugero, kubera icumbi, Hotel King David yakuweho burundu. Abantu igihumbi baherekeje Trump no mu Bwongereza - kandi bakeneye gutwarwa (biragaragara ko atari bisi).
Serivise zidasanzwe zitera "umutekano wuburana", aho hantu hamwe nijuru birimo. Ntakibazo cyaba igihugu - igihugu cyacyo cyangwa amahanga (murubanza rwa kabiri, Inzego zaho zifitanye isano niremwa ryayo). Iyo "bubble" yoherejwe, isi yose irakonja. Ntabwo ari ubwoba, ariko kubera ko adashobora kwimuka cyane kubera imibereho ye bwite.
Inkomoko: Merriam-Webster, Whitehousehite
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