Modlva ndiye wachisanu ndi chinayi pakati pa anthu a ku Russia, ambiri oimira ake amakhala ku Republic of Mordovia. Miyambo ya mordaniyo iyenera kulingaliridwa poganizira za kulekanitsa anthu m'magulu awiri a Ethnos - miyambo ya Erzan ndi Mokshan.
Zinthu zambiri za anthuwa ndizofanana, koma pali zosiyana zoonekera zomwe zimawonetsedwa malinga ndi gawo la mafuko apafupi. Zikhalidwe za chimbudzi zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi miyambo ya ku Russia, chifukwa kwa zaka zambiri anthu awa anthuwa adagwirizana kwambiri ndikusonkhezerana, koma palinso zinthu zoyambirira. Kodi chikhalidwe cha Mordovia ndi chiani?
Modva - Moksha ndi Erzza
Anthu aku Mordovia ndi amene amasamalira mbiri yakale kwambiri komanso njira zachikhalidwe. Ngati kupatukana pakati pa Moksha ndi Erzsa kunali kowoneka bwino kwambiri, masiku ano kumafotokozedwa kokha mwazizindikiro zakunja. Mitundu yamiyala yakuda ndi yamdima kupita ku Erzyyans, ndi ma bombord - kwa moksham.
Banja la National lidagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu moyo wa fuko lililonse. MOKHOK adayenera kuvala mabungwe ambiri ndi malaya, omwe adamangidwa m'chiuno.
Koma azimayi a Eriang adakonda mashati aatali ofanana madiresi. Akazi am'mutu wa Erzya amakongoletsa njira, ena akutali a Kokoshniki, koma Moksha amafanana ndi mawonekedwe a turbanal.
Miyambo yaukwati ya nkhope
Ngakhale m'nthawi yathu ino, anthu a Mordovia amatsatira miyambo yakale. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri m'moyo wa munthu ndi ukwati. Zaka zingapo zapitazo, ukwatiwo unachitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana: kusiya kapena kungodzikonda.
Njira yoyamba inali yoyenera yoimira zigawo zotsika, osauka, omwe sakanakwanitsa kugula mtengo wa tchuthi. Mtundu wachiwiri wa bozi udafala kwambiri. Amaganizira za kuchititsa miyambo yofunika, kuchoka kwa wopangidwa ndi utoto, zokambirana zoyambirira pakati pa abale amtsogolo.
Kuta kwa ukwati, mkwatibwi amayenera kudutsa miyambo yoyeretsa. Amatchedwa "Saiden Bat" wake. Kwa Modva, madzi anali ndi mphamvu yopatulika yapadera, yomwe idasungidwa kuchokera kwa nthawi yakale masiku athu ano. Musanakwatirane, mkwatibwi amayenera kutsukidwa machimo ndi ankhondo osakwanira, omwe amabwera kwa iye.
Palibe mwambo wofunika kwenikweni womwe "sunadutse phala." Analemba pakati pa kashi (nthawi zina anasinthidwa ndi makeke). Kupeza iwo, Mkwatibwi wovomerezeka ndikuyamba kudandaula za tsogolo lake. Inde, chinali gawo lofunika kwambiri la maphunziro, ngakhale ngati mtsikanayo akuyembekezera tsiku lachikondwerero ndipo anali mchikondi ndi mkwati wake.
M'masiku akale, mawu oterowo amatha kupitiliza pafupifupi sabata limodzi, ndipo pambuyo pake adachepetsa masiku angapo. Masiku ano, miyambo yofananirayo siingathe kuwona, komabe, apaulendo anena kuti madandaulo a tsiku limodzi a madandaulo a tsiku limodzi ndi kulira kumasungidwa m'midzi yochotsa. Pa kumaliza kwake, mkwatibwi amapereka bwenzi lake labwino kwambiri kapena nthiti ya nthiti. Mphatso yotereyi imayimira kukhala kwa namwali.
Gawo lomaliza ndi loyera kwambiri laukwati ndi kuvulaza kwa Mkwatibwi. Pamiyambo iyi, mayi wometa ndi abambo a Mkwati ndi uded (munthu amene ayenera kusateteza ngoloyo) imakhudzidwa. Mokondweretsa, ukwati womwe umayang'aniridwa ndi kovuta komwe kuli "magulu" ake.
Tchuthi Morcoy
Kalendala ya Mordovian, maholide ambiri kwambiri, koma ambiri aiwo amalumikizana ndi nyengo komanso kupembedzera kwachilengedwe. M'nyengo yozizira, adayamba kukonzekera tchuthi "Roshtovan Kudo". Alibe ana m'nthawi yathu ino, komabe, a Spardva ali ndi chidali chachikulu. Anatsagana ndi nyimbo, kuvina, masewera, komanso miyambo ya "miyambo yamatsenga, ena mwa iwo anali achinyengo kwambiri.
Komanso mu mwambo wa Erzyya wa Mordoviya, timawerenga tchuthi cha razkin ozks, nthawi ya kufalikira kwa anthu wamba pafupifupi odzipereka kuzakale, ndipo masiku ano adasandulika chikondwererochi. Kubwera kwa Chikristu kunadzetsa kukhala miyambo, koma sikunasangalatse. Chimodzi mwa tchuthi chokondeka kwambiri chinali "Cawadan-Chi", chomwe chidachitika mu Khrisimasi Khrisimasi ndipo chinali chifano cha tsiku la Russia la maofesi.
Anthu a murokovian ankakhulupirira kuti tsiku lino linali kubadwa kwa dzuwa latsopano, lomwe pang'onopang'ono limapeza mphamvu ndipo limawonekera kumwamba. Madzulo, Hava wa tchuthi, anawo anasonkhana m'magulu, napita m'mabwalo. Anachita nyimbo zoyandikana nazo, ndipo ankachita maoweto okhala ndi maswiti ndi maswiti ena.
Ngakhale kuti oimira ambiri a Modva masiku ano ndi akhristu, achikunja amafotokoza zikhulupiriro za makolo omwe ali ndi zikhulupiriro amatchulidwa pamiyambo yawo. Mwachitsanzo, kasupe, Isitala Moksha ndi Eriangion amapanga mphatso kwa womwalirayo ndi Eriana, komanso afunseni mizimu ya oimira amtundu wawo kuti atumizidwe bwino komanso kukhala bwino kwa mabanja abwino.
Pofika m'dzinja ku minda ya Mordovia, mutha kuwona magulu angapo obisika a ryepe. Zimagwirizananso ndi miyambo yachikunja. M'masiku akale, anthu a Mordovian ankapembedza Mulungu wa ku Nonovava. Anadzabwera naye mkate ndi mchere, womwe udayikidwa kutsogolo kwa mundawo, komanso adasiya njira zingapo za tirigu kapena rye, zomwe zidawonedwa ngati mphatso kwa Mulungu.
Modva - anthu owala komanso owoneka bwino, omwe amanyadira chikhalidwe chawo komanso mbiri yakale. Zikhalidwe za nkhope ya nkhope imawonetsa kukopa kwa anthu aku Russia ndi ena oyandikana nawo, ndipo chikhalidwe china cha erziang ndi mozian chimasiyana.
Anthu a ku Mordovia ndi anthu omwe kuyambira nthawi yayitali, mwaulemu amakhala mdziko lakwawo, chilengedwe, miyambo yakale ndi miyambo. Ngakhale izi, tikudziwa zochepa kwambiri pankhani yachikhalidwe cha Mordor, motero ndikofunikira kuti muphunzire, chifukwa nthawi iliyonse nthawi yatsopano yapezekazi zikuchitika.