Malinga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, Columbus sanali woyamba ndipo ngakhale aliyense sanali wachiwiri yemwe amapita ku kuwala kwatsopano. Pamaso pa iye, oyendayenda m'maiko osiyanasiyana ndi zisudzo zimatha kuchita izi. Ndipo izi sizikuwawerengera nkhani, yomwe, monga mwa zofala nthawi zonse osati zokhulupirika nthawi zonse, pafupifupi mwezi udagwa.
Koma ku America, ma Viking anali akadali. Osati kale kwambiri, mu 1960, malo okhala ometa ndi ma axel opezeka ku Canada. Kukhazikika kumakhazikitsidwa pafupifupi zaka zana zapitazo, zaka 500 asanafike kwa Clumbus. Pofika, ma Vikings omwe ali pafupi kwambiri ndi Orweoli.
Zaka 3000 zapitazo, mafuko a Polynesia adayandama m'madzi panyanja akutidziwitsa ife ngati mabitarans. Anamasulira Mawu oti "Catamaran", ndikutanthauza "zokhudzana ndi Brica". Ngati mukuchepetsa mapu a kuyenda kwawo, ndiye gawoli ndi lopambana ku Russia m'malire amakono.
Palibe umboni wolondola wa kukhalapo kwa ma pulityans ku North kapena South America, koma pali mfundo zosangalatsa.
- Mu majini a Polynesian alipo DNA ya India ku South America.
- Mbatata za mbatata zaku America za Polynesian zimadziwa ndikulanda zaka zana zapitazo. Kodi adazipeza kuti?
- Mu 2007, mafupa a nkhuku kuyambira 1321-1407 adapezeka m'dera la Chile. Nkhunje zofananazi zitha kunyamula polynesian pazakunja kwawo nthawi yayitali.
Ku Ecuador mu 60s zapitazo, akatswiri ofukula za m'mabwinja apeza gawo la zaka 5000. Amatchedwa Valdivia.
Chidwi chachikulu chinayambitsidwa ndi mbale zadothi, zomwe nthawi yofukufukufuku zidapeza zambiri. Zinapezeka kuti ichi ndi CEROMES - Zakudya za ku Japan. Uwu ndiye Centramics yakale kwambiri yaku Japan. Inapangidwa kukhala zaka 13,000 mpaka 300 mpaka kalekale. Koma kodi zakudya zoterezi zikanafika bwanji kwa Ecuador?
Asayansi anena kuti zombo zosodza zingapo zidatenga njira ya ku Kurosio munyanja, kapena kuyenda kwa Japan. Zimachita tsopano. Zotsatira zake, zombo zoyendetsedwa kwa miyezi ingapo.
- Mwa zina, mtunduwu umatsimikiziridwa ndi milandu iwiri yolembedwa: Mu 1815, zinyalala zochokera ku Jublese zidachitika kupita kugombe la California, ndipo mu 1843, wophunzira asodzi awiri aku Japan adabwera ku Gombe la Mexico. Adatopa kwambiri, koma adapulumuka.
Kalanga ine, koma zaka khumi atakhala woyamba ku Valdivia, zidapezeka kuti Ceramic ku Ecuador sizinali zofanana ndi ku Japan. Ofukula za m'mabwinja, omwe amaika patsogolo mtundu wa kutseguka kwa Japan ku America, adatsutsidwa kwambiri ndi anzawo chifukwa cha mawu olimba mtima chotere.
Mbiri yofunika kwambiri kuganizira mtundu wa kutsegulidwa kwa America ndi Irish. Mzinda wa Bretan wopatulika unkakonda kufalitsa Chikhristu. Ndipo kotero, malinga ndi nthano, adatola timuyo ndikusambira ku Karrah, bwato lachilengedwena ndi chimango chomata, khungu lophimbidwa.
Zomwe ndangoona Irish ITPADY Ulendo! Tinachezera Rai, monga Breten yotchedwa dziko lapansi Kutali kwambiri kumadzulo. Tawonani gehena, kumene ziwanda zidaponyera miyala yamoto yamoto pachilumba cha golide. " Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti zitha kukhala za Iceland panthawi yophulika. Komabe, ngati Brengan anali ku America, ndizomveka. Chinthu china ndi chakuti mu 1976 wolemba mbiri ya Tim Severin (Tim Severin) adatenga makona enieni aku Ireland ndikupereka kuwala kwatsopano komwe kumatchedwa "Traing Trail".
Mwa zina zina zotheka ku America pali America pali Venetina Nikolo ndi Antonio Xeno. Amakhulupirira kuti adafika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la XIV m'gawo la Canada limodzi ndi orcanese. Tsopano palinso chipilala polemekeza izi, koma olemba mbiri yakale akulu amakayikira kulondola kwa mwambowu. Ma venetshia ndiogulitsa akuluakulu, ndipo zolemba za Nikolo ndi Antonio mwadzidzidzi "zimangokhalapo ndi zaka 1558, zaka 66 kuchokera ku America Columbus.
Ku China, pali mapu a 1763, omwe amawerengedwa kuchokera ku 1418. Mapuwa akuwonetsa masitepe a North ndi South America. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 15, Ufumu wapakati unali ndi zombo zamphamvu, koma khadi yonseyo idavomerezedwa ndi zabodza.
Zozindikira za America pakati pa azungu zitha kukhala. Mu 1530, zaka 38 pambuyo pa Columbus pambuyo pa Columbus pambuyo pa mtsinje wa St. Lawrence - mtsinje waukulu wamadzi olumikiza nyanja zazikulu ndi nyanja ya Atlantic. Mtsinjewo umayenda m'dera la United States ndi Canada.
Kuphatikiza pa cod, dzina lake lasaka ndi nyamayo ndilofunika kwambiri - kuwedza kwa chinjoka ku Republic of Newfoundland. Zinali pachilumbachi chomwe matenda opaka anapeza. Chifukwa chake zikhonde zimatha kusambira pamenepo. Komabe, sizikudziwika, anali komweko ku Columbus kapena zinakhala pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo.
Matembenuzidwe okhudzana ndi America kupita ku Columbus akadali ambiri, koma okhawo omwe amangokhalira kutsimikiziridwa, makamaka Eric Red ndi Leif Ericsson. Ma hypoteras a Polynesia amadziwika kuti ndiwodalirika. Matanthauzidwe onse ayenera kuganiziridwa kuti ndi nthano za nthano.
Wolemba - Oleg Ivanov
Gwero - Springzhizni.ru.