Ntchito zofunika kwambiri pazakhalidwe zitha kukhala zopambana ngati zimawathandiza pa gawo lachitukuko. Akuluakulu aku Western omwe amapendekera mu mabizinesi achizolowezi samangokhutiritsa, komanso pafupifupi 5.8% pachaka. Gawo lomwe likukula mwachangu lazogulitsa zimakopa osewera akuluakulu. Kodi ndizotheka kukhala ku Russia ndi zomwe zimapanga ndalama zomwe makampani achi Russia angawerenge?
Ndalama zochokera pansi pamtimaGulu lazachikhalidwe lazachikhalidwe chidayambira m'maiko otukuka. Apainiya ankachitidwa ndi United States, United Kingdom, Canada ndi Australia. Mu 1984, mayanjano a mafakitale okhwima anali opangidwa ku United States, ndipo izi zitha kuonedwa kuti tsiku lobadwa la kubadwa koteroko. Mu 2007, Feckefeller Foudetion adayambitsa mawu akuti - "zimakhudza ndalama". Kugulitsa kumeneku m'makampani awo omwe cholinga chawo chachikulu chimapangitsa yankho ku mavuto azachuma, kukhazikika kwa chilengedwe, kukhazikitsa zolinga za chitukuko cha UN ndi kwachiwiri - phindu. Mabizinesi oterowo sakhala okhwima. Uku ndi kusiyana kwawo kuchokera pama projekiti omwe sangakhale olinganizidwa komanso osapindula.
Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, gawo lokonzanso anthu likukula pafupifupi kuyambira $ 502 biliyoni, zotsatira zapadziko lonse lapansi zidafanana. M'derali pali osewera ambiri - makampani oyang'anira, mabungwe a chitukuko, mabanki. Mwachitsanzo, thanthwe lakuda latayika $ 90 biliyoni pakukhazikika, agolide sachs - $ biliyoni 7 biliyoni. Ndalama zambiri zimatumizidwa ku ukapolo, mphamvu, chisamaliro chaumoyo, kuphunzira kolumikizana kwa maziko "Tsogolo lathu" komanso Sukulu Yapamwamba Kwambiri.
Kodi tikulankhula za chiyani kwenikweni? Chinsinsi chachikulu cha ndalamazo, zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa mu 2008 ku London ku London zomwe zidayamba kubisala, zimangoyang'ana mokwanira ndi ntchito zachikhalidwe. Wapereka kale mapaundi 450 miliyoni a 150 mabungwe oterowo. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi zopanga zopangidwa ndi manja opangidwa ndi manja. Kampaniyo imapereka ntchito komanso malipiro abwino kwa anthu omwe ali ndi autism. Mu October 2016, momveka bwino adamupatsa ngongole kwa mapaundi 35,000, ndipo mu Seputembala 2018 adalowa ndi ndalama ya kampaniyo ndi mapaundi 457,000. Tsopano ndi bizinesi yopambana, 60% ya phindu lake ili pamavuto azachuma (azachuma sawululidwa).
Palibe zoyipa kuposa enaPali zosokoneza: yankho la mavuto ofunikira omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi ndalama zokha. Ndipo amalonda olemera omwe ali ndi chidwi chopanga ntchito zabwino, ayenera kupereka ndalama kwa anthu omwe ali ndi maso owotcha ndikuyiwala za iwo. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandiza kuwononga kukhazikitsaku, kuwonetsa kuti makampani otere amatha kupanga phindu, ngakhale pansi pa gawo lawo.
Mu 2015, Morgan Stanley adawerengera mbiri ya makampani omwe ali ndi chikhalidwe. Zinapezeka kuti zokolola zake ndizochulukirapo, ndipo kukhazikika kumakhala kocheperako kwa masheya wamba. Mu 2019, Morgan Stanley mu kafukufuku watsopano adatsimikizira izi.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa Giin, zokolola zothandizira ndalama zimalungamitsidwa ziyembekezo za 76% ya ogulitsa. Ndi zochepa kuposa msika wamasheya zimabweretsa, koma kumadzulo ndi pafupifupi 5.8% pachaka - osati zoipa kwambiri. Makina olemera a capital omwe ali ndi makampani omwe ali ndi chilengedwe, chikhalidwe cha chilengedwe kapena othandizira (kld
Nanga bwanji ifeTili ndi ma exreneirness amachokera. Ku Russia, pali mitundu iwiri ya ogulitsa omwe ali okonzekera ndalama zotere, pozindikira kuti sapeza ndalama zochepa. Choyamba, awa ndi alonda akale achikulire omwe amakwaniritsa kufunika kwa kudzikumba ndipo tsopano akufuna kuwagawana. Mabizinesi awo nthawi zonse amabweretsa phindu - zoposa zomwe angathe kuti azigwiritsa ntchito, ndipo akufuna kuchita nawo kutembenuka kwa dziko lapansi. Mtundu wachiwiri ndi Mileniyala, yemwe kwambiri koyambirira kwa mtsogolo ndipo ali wokonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama pazamoyo zofunika. Ndipo ngakhale kuchuluka kwa ndalama zawo ndizochepa, kuchuluka kwa ogulitsa izi kumangokula.
Ndipo iwowo ndi ena adakhulupirira kuti ndalama zomwe zidali ndi moyo zimathetsa ntchito zofunika kwambiri (zomanga za ana amasiye wamba (zomanga za ana amasiyeko), nditalipira ntchito, koma sangathe kumanga mabungwe okhazikika. Amamvetsetsa kuti kampaniyi iyenera kudzipereka ndikubweretsa phindu kwa ogulitsa, osakhala ndi moyo pazopereka ndi zothandizira.
Tsopano anthu omwe akufuna kupereka ndalama pa bizinesi yamakhalidwe, kuphatikiza magulu a angelo. Monga lamulo, awa ndi amalonda odziwa ntchito komanso azachuma omwe angayamikire chiyembekezo cha ntchitoyi, kuti adziwe mawonekedwe a kampani yolumikizirana (yokongoletsa) ndi ndalama zonse. Kuphatikiza apo, pali thumba limodzi ku Russia, lomwe limayambitsa ndalama zotere poyenda, "tsogolo lathu." Kwa zaka 13, adapeza ndalama zothandizira 255 zomwe zimathetsa mavuto osiyanasiyana a gulu, pofika 693,2 miliyoni.
Mwachitsanzo, ndidzatsogolera maziko "kupumira kwachiwiri" - kunadaliridwa ndalama imodzi mwa mayanjano omwe amathandizira. Thumba limasonkhanitsa zovala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudzera mu ma network omwe ali ndi ziweto zakumata. Kampaniyo imapeza zinthu zabwino kwambiri, zomwe zimayamba kugulitsa m'mashopu awo ndi manja enanso. Gawo la zovala zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa, zimaperekanso mabungwe azabwino pakupereka zosokera zosowa. Zinthu sizikhala bwino zomwe zikuchitika pokonza. Bungweli lidalandira ngongole kuchokera ku kalabu ya Angelo ndi miliyoni miliyoni. Kwa zaka 1.5 ali pamlingo wabwino panthawiyo, kubetcha kwa 10% ndikugwiritsa ntchito ndalama kuti atsegule malo ogulitsira. Amatenga kampani ndi zopereka. Ndalama za chaka cha 2019 zinali zitamba za 29 miliyoni, chaka chino, okonda ma ruble pafupifupi 70 miliyoni. ndi phindu pafupifupi 6 miliyoni.
Chilichonse pang'onopang'ono chimapita kuti thandizo la bizinesi ya chikhalidwe cha anthu idzasiya kukhala momwe madera okhawo a IPT ndikusandulika gawo la msika. Chidaliro chathu chimatengera kuti kufunikira kwa ndalama zotere kwa apulosi okonda anzawo, ndipo malingaliro ochokera ku mabizinesi okonda amakula. Izi zimatsimikizira zomwe dziko lapansi limakumana nazo, ndipo Russia silikhala pambali pa njirazi. Funso lalikulu: Kodi ndalama zomwe zapereka ndalama zomwe adapereka pamakampani zitha kuwerengedwa? Tidziwa yankho lake kwa zaka 5-7 - ndalama zitayitanitsa nthawi yotere.
Malingaliro a wolemba sangafanane ndi mawonekedwe a VITI.