Pakapita ku msonkhano waukulu wotsutsa pa Januwale 18, mtumiki waku Russia waku Russia wa Verov anakhudza ubale pakati pa Moscow ndi Beijing, osagwirizana ndi ukwati wawo. Kenako, muutumiki waku China wina anati kuti kuphatikiza kwa coronavirika ku Coronaviku ndikulimbana ndi mayeserowo. " Mu 2021, imalemba zaka 20 kuchokera pakusainira mgwirizano wosinthidwa pabanja labwino, ubwenzi ndi mgwirizano. Monga woimira boma wautumiki wa zochitika zakunja kwa Republic of China Cua Chu Cukung, pakamwano mu Chaka Chatsopano cha Belateral akufuna kupititsa patsogolo ubale wabwino "ndi gawo lalikulu, pamlingo wokulirapo." Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani ndipo njira iti yomwe ingapangitse kulumikizana kwa Russia ndi China mu 2021, anapenda kanthawi kochepa kuti awerenge ziyembekezo za VEZHDAN.
Ngakhale chiyambi cha 2020 chinali cholonjezedwa zabwino, The Ronavirus lidakhala "swan wakuda", zomwe zidakhudza maphwando onse monga ndale za General ndi Chibadwa. Chisankho chosagwirizana cha kutsekedwa kwa malire a ku Russia, zomwe zikuchitika ndi nzika za CNR nthawi yoyamba kutha kuthana ndi mliri komanso kugwa kwakukulu pamlingo wa chuma cha kutanthauza mavuto ochitira mgwirizano ku Moscow ndi Beijing. Komabe, Russia ndi PrC sinangosunga ubale womwe wakwaniritsidwa chaka chovuta ichi, komanso ndikulongosola chiyembekezo cholimbikitsidwa pa 2021, zomwe zimawonetsedwa mu msonkhano wokhazikika kumapeto kwa msonkhano wambiri wa Mitu ya maboma a Russia ndi China, zomwe zinachitika pa Disembala 2.
Mafuta ndi Magetsi Spat: Ma vertives atsopano
Kugwirizana kwa Chibadwa cha ku Russia pamafuta ndi mphamvu kumangowonjezera pang'onopang'ono kupangidwa ndi mphamvu ya mayiko awiriwa. Masiku ano, mgwirizano wa magetsi pakati pa Moscow ndi Beijing amalankhula imodzi yofananira kwambiri yomwe ikanatha kuzindikiritsa mphamvu ya zigawo za Biateral Bizinesi yowonjezera mphamvu ku REC. Ziyembekezo za mgwirizano wa mphamvu zidalembedwera ku Russia ndi China "pa chitukuko cha mgwirizano pakati pa mgwirizano wolumikizana, kulowa mu nthawi yatsopano."Magetsi ndi 63% ya Russia ndi China. Kugwirizana ndi gawo la mafuta ndi mafuta kumangokhala injini yayikulu yokambirana matenda a Bilenge. Kupezeka kwa mafuta kuchokera ku Russia kupita ku China kumachulukanso ku michere ya 1.83 patsiku monga la Seputembara 2020, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpikisano waukulu ukhalepo tsiku. Er-Riydad akufuna kulimbikitsa malo ake pamsika wamafuta aku China, zotuluka zimawonjezeka ndi 53% poyerekeza ndi zisonyezo za Ogasiti. Komabe, zotulukapo zamafuta opanda pake kuchokera ku United States kupita ku China mu Seputembala zidamera zisanu ndi ziwiri.
Mwinanso, mu 2021, Prc ipitiliza kuwonjezera zinthu zamafuta. Mu Seputembara 2020, China kulowetsedwa ndi 17,6% mafuta ambiri poyerekeza ndi 2019, motero Russia, United States ndi Steition mpikisano wa Saudi Adzakula Msika Wamafuta Waku China.
Kutumiza kwa mpweya wa ku Russia kupita ku China pa Mapamwamba a Siberia. Mu Januwale - Ogasiti 2020, gazprom idadulidwa pa mapaipi a 2.3 biliyoni okha a gasi, yomwe ndi yochepera theka la voliyumu. Chifukwa cha mliri, China chinachepetsa kwambiri kumwa mpweya wachilengedwe, koma adayamba kupanga mafuta osungirako zam'tsogolo, kugula mpweya wotsika mtengo kwambiri. Komabe, zikuwoneka kuti gazprom ilibe mphamvu yakum'mawa kwa Siberia kuti ikwaniritse mgwirizano ndi PRC.
China imakhalanso ndi mayina amodzi mwamisika yayikulu ya malasha ndi magetsi. Cholepheretsa chachikulu pakukula kwake kwa kupezeka kwa chakudyacho ndi chiwonetsero cha mafayilo ammalire. Chifukwa chake, chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu za 2021 ndikuwongolera kumaliza kwa mlatho wa Nizhneleykoye-tonjuang ndi gawo lolingana ndi zomangamanga.
Malonda ndi ubale wachuma: Mliri si chifukwa chochedwetsa
Ngakhale ali ndi mliri, wogulitsa waku Russia wazaka 2020 atha kusintha mbiri chaka chatha, pomwe kusinthana ku Moscow ndi Beijing kudaposa $ 110 biliyoni.
Ngakhale mgwirizano wa mafuta ndi mpweya umakhalabe wovuta wa malonda aku Russia-Chinese, malonda a PRC yazaulimi akuyamba kukhala woyendetsa watsopano. M'miyezi isanu ndi itatu ya 2020, kutumiza kunja kwa ma soya ku China kunakula ndi 9% mpaka zaka 49,000,000 pachaka, ndipo kutumiza mafuta a soya ndi matani 210,000. Kuphatikiza apo, kupezeka kwa nyama ndi zinthu zochokera ku Russia kupita ku China mu 2020 zowonjezereka ndi nthawi zisanu ndi zinayi, ndi mpendadzuwa - kawiri, kawiri, ng'ombe ya Russia idayamba. Komabe, mu 2021, kukhalapo kwa Russia mu msika waku China kwa soya ndi mbewu kumatha kuchepetsedwa chifukwa cha kukhazikitsa kwa SEYAT ndi mawu a tirigu, rye, barele ndi chimanga.
Moscow ndi Beijing akufuna kupitiliza kudulira kolumikizidwa. Mu kotala loyamba la 2020, gawo la dola lomwe likugulitsa ku Russia ndi Cerc linali pafupifupi 46%, ndipo mu 2015 dola yogulitsa Bissia ndi Cerc. Nthawi yomweyo, gawo la euro ku mabizinesi oyambira kotala yoyambirira yolembedwa - 30%, gawo la Yuan ndi 17%, ndipo gawo la ruble ndi 7%.
Komabe, ngakhale pafupifupi ma CNR Canctions amafotokoza za kutsika pang'ono ku Russia-Chinese. Pamapeto pa miyezi isanu ndi inayi ya 2020, makina a ku Russia ndi REC atatsika ndi 2% poyerekeza ndi nthawi yomweyi, malinga ndi zotsatira za miyezi khumi, malonda adawonetsa kuchepa kwa 2.3%. Nthawi yomweyo, woyendetsa malonda amatumiza kunja kwa katundu kuchokera ku PRC, pomwe Mphamvu Yogulitsa katundu ku Russia kupita ku China idalipo pamalo osavomerezeka. Ngakhale kuti pang'onopang'ono malonda, mu Disembala, kuwonjezeretsa ndalama kwa onyamula ndege za ku Russia kumayembekezeredwa, zomwe zikuyenera kukhala ngati maziko okhazikitsa mbiri yatsopano yamalonda.
Zotsatira zake, ntchito yofunika kwambiri ku Russia mu 2021 imakhala yophatikiza zotsatira pakusintha kwa malonda ndi prc.
Zaka ziwiri zapitazi zomwe zimadziwika kuti zopambana za opanga zaulimi Russia pamsika wa Chinese chifukwa cha kukwera kwa malonda ku Beijing ndi Washington. Kubwera kwa Mphamvu Joaden ndi Kukonzekera Kwa Ansuren New Administration Kumalonda Pamalonda Komanso Nkhani Za Zachuma Kugogomezera Kusayina Kwa Khadi Lalikulu Lonse Ponseponse Kugulitsa kwa Chinese ku Russia mu katundu ndi ntchito mpaka 2024, komanso kuyesetsa kukonza kapangidwe kake, kuzindikiritsa kwatsopano kwa kukula kwachuma, kusintha kwa bizinesi yogulitsa malonda ndi ndalama. Ku China, zikudziwika kuti mgwirizano wowonjezera wa trastict ndi Russia udzatengedwera ndi gawo loyamba la mgwirizano wamalonda wa PRC ndi United States. Komabe, kukhazikitsidwa kwa "msewu" wa "wotchi" kumapangitsa kuti chitukuko cha bizinesi ya Briteral kulosedwe.
Mgwirizano mu gawo lankhondo lankhondo: Kukwaniritsa ndi zovuta
Chithandizo cha Russia polengedwa dongosolo la chenjezo kuti chiwopsezo cha PRC limodzi ndi zolimbitsa thupi zolumikizirana zimachitira umboni za chidaliro chambiri m'maphwando. Popereka matekinoloje apamwamba kwambiri komanso kuphunzitsa akatswiri aku China, Russia imalimbitsa udindo wa China polimbana ndi United States. Chizindikiro cha Mgwirizano wa Russia ndi China chikhoza kukhala kuti mgwirizano uno udzakhala wochepetsa kuopsa kwa ndale komanso zachuma ku Moscow ndi Beijing.Komabe, zotsutsana ndi kuchedwa kwa makina a S-400 m'chilimwe cha 2020, ndipo zonena za zokambirana za ku China pazaka 1600 ndi Beijing. Chinthu china chokhoza kuyika kukakamiza ankhondo kwa maphwando atha kukhala chiwopsezo chatsopano cha mapiko "a Brahmos" cha kulumikizana kwa Russia ndi India. China tikukhudzidwa ndi chikhumbo cha Philippines kuti mupeze maroketi awa, atapatsidwa kuti Russia ikuphatikizidwa popereka.
Mphamvu zinanso zolimbitsa mgwirizano wa ankhondo pakati pa Moscow ndi Beijing, kutengera miyeso ya maphwando, kuti azikhala ndi moyo, pofuna kudalirana kwathunthu, ndipo mbali inayo, iyo ndizotheka kuonetsetsa kuti mwina mungakhale ndi mwayi wophatikizana ndi mayiko ena popanda kuvulaza kuti zigwirizane ndi zibwenzi.
Kumbali ina, imodzi mwazochitika zazikulu za 2020 zitha kuonedwa kuti zikuwonjezereka kwa Russia ndi China pa Chidziwitso pa zidziwitso pakukhazikitsa zidutswa za zaka 10. Izi sizikusonyeza kuti muli ndi chidaliro chokha, komanso kungokonzekera kwa prc kuti musunge zokambirana padziko lonse lapansi. Kuchulukitsa kwa Moscow ndi Beijing kungakhale ndi vuto latsopanoli ku US ndikupangitsa kuti zitheke pa nkhani zokambirana zokambirana.
Kufunitsitsa kwa Beijing kukapempha thandizo kwa Moscow kumalumikizidwa ndi zovuta za American-European Union, ndikuyang'ana pobweza PRC. Makamaka, Nando akulankhula kwambiri za kukula kwa gulu lankhondo la China ngati choopseza chitukuko ndi kukhalapo kwa mgwirizano.
Chovuta chachikulu - kukambirana pagulu
Utumiki waku China unati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri cha papepala la China mu 2021 chidzalimbikitsidwa ndi matanidwe a Russia. Komabe, ngakhale zili zopambana zandale, zachuma komanso zankhondo, Russia ndi Cerc, sizotheka kukhazikitsa kukambirana kwa anthu. Pakupezeka pagulu, anthu aku Russia amasunga malingaliro a njira ziwiri ku China.
Mu Seputembara 2020, malo a Levada adasindikiza zotsatira za kafukufuku yemwe amawonetsa kuzindikira kawiri kwa CerC ndi China pakati pa Russia. Kumbali ina, malingaliro ndi oti ku China ndi mnzake wapamtima wa Russia, 40% ya omwe amafunsidwa amagawana. Malinga ndi chizindikiritso ichi, China lafika kumbuyo kwa Belari yokha yomwe idatulutsa 58%. Nthawi yomweyo, chizindikiritso chakumapeto kwa PRC chikutengera gulu la maubale pakati pa Russia ndi West. Chifukwa chake, mpaka 2014, zosaposa 24% ya anthu aku Russia adalolera kuona China ali ndi vuto la Russia. Pamalo aumwini, anthu ambiri ku Russia sakhala okonzeka kuyanjana ndi anthu ochokera ku China. 10% yokha ya okhala ku Russia yokha ali okonzeka kuwona Chitchaina pakati pa abale awo kapena abwenzi. 16% sakana ku China kuti akhale anansi awo kapena ogwira nawo ntchito. Oposa theka la anthu aku Russia amakonda kusunga nzika zapamwamba kwambiri patali, kuyankhula chifukwa choletsa kulowa kwawo ku Russia.
Kumbali inayi, mkhalidwe wosakhazikika ku Russia amatha kuwononga ku Russia amangoganiza za PRC. Mu 2020, China mobwerezabwereza anatseka malire ndi Russia kuti atsimikizire chitetezo, chomwe chinapangitsa kuti zisokonezene ndi katundu, makamaka kumadera a Far East. Kukana kukhazikitsa njira zokhazikika ku Russia, limodzi ndi kuteteza vuto loipa, kumatha kuchititsa chithunzi choyipa cha dziko mu chikumbumtima cha anthu aku China. Zotsatira zake, izi zitha kuchititsa zotsatirapo zotsatizana kwa bizinesi yaku Russia ku China.
Chifukwa chake, nkhani za kuzindikiridwa pagulu zimatsalira kufooka kwa ubale waku Russia-Wachidule.
Kuopsa kwakukulu kwa vuto lotere ndikupeza zotsutsana zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka pakuyanjana ndi zigawo zokakamizidwa ndi anthu. Zotsatira zake, ntchito yayikulu yochokera ku Moscow ndi Beijing ikugwirabe ntchito yolimbikitsira pokambirana pagulu, kuti kupambana kwa mgwirizano unakwaniritsidwa polumikizana pamlingo wapamwamba sunakhale ndi tsankho.
Vladimir nezhdanov, mbuye wa ubale wapadziko lonse, katswiri wowerengera