Katemera wa Covid-19: Panacea kapena vuto latsopano?

Udindo waukulu wa tsiku la 2020 ndi Coronavirus, omwe amawagwadira dziko lonse lapansi. Mu 2021, mutu wakuteteza ku mliri unasindikizidwa pamanyuzipepala oyamba. Ndipo ngati posachedwa maonekedwe a posachedwapa a katemera kapena mankhwala ochokera ku Covid-19 adawonetsedwa ngati panacea, tsopano mawuwa amafunsidwa. Chifukwa chiyani? - Werengani zambiri za nkhaniyi

Kodi nchifukwa ninji anthu padziko lapansi ndi okayika katemera wa ku Konavirus?

Mtundu wamanja adasintha mtundu wa katemera. Nkhani yomaliza yomwe inagwedeza dziko lapansi imalumikizidwanso ndi Covid-19. Aliyense anali kuyembekezera katemera wa ku Europe ndi America ku America, ndipo zinachitika. Zomwe zidachitika. Chifukwa chake, mu Disembala 2020, Europe adavomereza kugwiritsa ntchito katemera kwa makampani "Biontech" ndi "PFity". Pambuyo pake, katemera wina wina adawonjezeredwa ku mankhwalawa - kuchokera ku kampani "Moderna". Nanga zidatani? Ndipo chakuti katemera atayamba kufa. Anthu 55 adamwalira ku United States ... chinthu chomwecho chiri ku Norway.

@Manuswinkler / Unplash.com.

Nayi nkhani ina: Ku US, nkhalamba ya zaka 66 ku Colorado, atalandira katemera wa ku Covid wazakudya, wazaka 19, adamva kugona ndi kufooka. Anagona pabedi tsiku lonse, ndipo lotsatira - anamwalira. Mu Januware 2021, olamulira a Norway adanena za kumwalira kwa anthu 23 Pambuyo pake, madotolo akomweko adayamba kuchenjeza kuopsa kwa katemera ndi anthu opitilira 80. Dziwani kuti katemera pano adayamba kumapeto kwa Disembala 2020. Woyamba ku Norway adayamba kuphunzitsa anthu okalamba ndi alendo omwe ali nyumba zosungirako okalamba. Imfa yoyamba ya katemera idakhazikitsidwa ku OSlo. Ziyenera kutsindika kuti anthu asanu ndi mmodzi adamwalira anthu asanu ndi chimodzi poyesa katemera kuchokera ku Biontech, "PFINE" ndi "Moderna". Nthawi yomweyo, milandu iwiri inalembedwa m'gulu la katemera, ndipo anayi mu gulu la placebo.

Kodi mliri umatha liti ndipo katemera angathandize?

Mutu wa katemera umagwirizana kwambiri ndi chochitika chomwe tikuyembekezera. Inde, tikulankhula za kumaliza kwa Coronavirus mliri ndi kuchotsa zoletsa. Amadziwika kuti posachedwa mayiko ena angayambe katemera wochokera ku Arovirus. European Union ndi United States ikuyembekeza kuti igwire izi kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2021 - atalembetsa katemera komanso chiyambi cha kupanga kwawo kwakukulu. Russia yalembetsa kale katemera awiri kapangidwe kake. Ekraine imatha kuwerengera Mlingo wocheperako mamiliyoni a covax mu theka yoyamba ya chaka chino. Chifukwa chake, funso limabuka: Kodi ndi katemera wanji kuchokera ku Covined-19 masiku ano ndi zothandiza kwambiri komanso zomwe zimasiyana?

Kenako, timapenda katemera wapadziko lapansi wa dziko lapansi kuchokera ku Coronavirus, komanso timapereka mndandanda wazopindulitsa ndi zovuta zake. M'malingaliro ake, tidadalira lingaliro la surmulungu wa ku Russia, wosemphana ndi sayansi ya zamankhwala Nikolai Krysuchkov. Makamaka, adayerekezera kukonzekera kwa Covid wazaka 19 mpaka zotsatirazi:

• Mtundu ndi matenda a katemera;
• osavuta komanso kuthekera popanga mankhwalawa;
• Kukhazikika kwa njira;
• Kusunga ndi kunyamula katemera.

@CDC / Unplash.com No 1. Katemera wa makampani "Biontech" ndi "PFize"

Ngakhale katemera wogwira mtima kwambiri amakhalabe, womwe udapangidwa ndi Bionetech ndi PFize (USA ndi Germany). "PFINE" ndi chimodzi mwazimphona zapadziko lonse lapansi, wokhala ndi mbiri yamphamvu. Mwa njira, pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, kampaniyo inapeza mamiliyoni a madola kuti agulitse ... penicillina! Pakati pa mayesowo, kugwira kwake ntchito kunayerekezedwa pa 95%, mosasamala za zaka komanso jenda ya anthu opatsirana. Pafupifupi anthu pafupifupi 44 adatenga nawo mbali mu maphunziro. Katemera wa PFister ndi katemera wa RNA. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chidutswa cha chibadwa cha munthu chimayambitsidwa mu thupi la munthu, lomwe pakugundana ndi kachilomboka kumayambitsa chitetezo chathupi ndikuteteza munthu ku matenda. Muyenera kulowa Mlingo wa 2 patali ka milungu itatu. Patatha masiku katemera atatha kuteteza kachilomboka. Mwa njira, katemera uyu anali woyerekezeredwa ndi Nikolai Kryukkov. Komabe, anali asanalengeze kuchuluka kwa imfa yomwe anayambitsa.

Katemera wa katemera kuchokera ku "Bionech" ndi "PFize"

1. Chiwopsezo chochotsetsa coronavirus atalandira katemera ndi 90-95% wotsika kuposa wopanda katemera.
2. Mankhwalawa amayesa mayeso ambiri a anthu.
3. Katemera pa kafukufuku wawonetsa chidwi m'magulu onse - mosasamala zaka, fuko ndi jenda.

Katemera wochokera ku "Bionech" ndi "PFINER"

1. Katemera amafunika kutentha pang'ono posungira (-70o c). Nthawi yomweyo, ngati mankhwalawa akulekana, ndi yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa masiku asanu okha.
2. Katemera waku Western waku Western amasiyana mu umodzi - kwa anthu ambiri, komabe, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndiye chikuti: ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, chifukwa katemerayu, mtengo wofanizira ndi madola 25-37 pa mlingo. Ndipo kwa katemera wonse, mudzafunika awiri oterowo.
3. Katemera, pakupezeka posachedwapa, sakonda katemera wokalambayo. Kuphatikiza apo, akatswiri ena adayamba kukayikira za momwe mankhwalawa amathandizira.
4. Pali mfundo imodzi yomwe akatswiri akatswiri amamva pafupi kuyambira pachithunzipa: mu katemera kuchokera ku Biontech ndi Pfizer, ma tekinoloje yodziwika bwino inkagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe sinavomerezedwe katemera wa anthu. Tikulankhula za kugwiritsa ntchito mathengo a matrix okha.

Barrons.com No 2. Katemera wa kampani "Moderna"

Katemera yemwe kampani yaku America "Moderna" yayamba, ili ndi luso la 94.1%, ndipo ndi milandu yambiri ya matenda - 100%. Ogwira ntchito oposa 30,000 adayamba nawo mayeso. Kodi katemera uyu ndi chiyani? Chifukwa chake, opanga madongosolo amafotokoza kuti: Mankhwalawa ali ndi chidutswa cha codectic code, "maphunziro" amthupi a munthu kuzindikira kachilomboka. Ndiye kuti, katemera samapangidwa pamaziko a kachilomboka. Pali katemera "Moderna" komanso mankhwala "PFINE": MUKUFUNA Mlingo wachiwiri womwe ungayambitse kuteteza munthu m'masiku 28. Zowona, anthu ena omwe amatsatira zatsopano za pharmacology, kupanga chidwi: ndizosangalatsa kuti moderna adapanga mankhwala ogwira mtima lero, chifukwa sanalembe mankhwala atsopano kwa zaka khumi!

Katemera wa Prodene kuchokera ku "Moderna"

1. Kuchita bwino kwa mankhwala (94.1-94.5%).
2. Anthu ambiri omwe adatenga nawo mbali pamayeso azachipatala.
3. Popeza kusagwirizana ndi katemera (kuti sikutengera kachilomboka), kumathetsedwa ndi kuthekera kwa matenda a coronavirus panthawi ya katemera.
4. Kusunga kosatheka: Katemera amatha kusungidwa pansi paukadaulo wopangidwa ndi katemera.

Katemera wa Katemera ku "Moderna"

1. Katemera uyu, ndiye, ndi wotsika mtengo kuposa mankhwala ofanana ndi makampani Biontech ndi PFize, koma okwera mtengo: 19,5 madola pa mlingo.
2. Mwinanso, mankhwalawa sayenera kuchitira katemera wa okalamba.
3. Mutu waukulu pakati pa katemera awiri. Izi zimapangitsa maulamuliro aku America kuti aganizire za gawo lokhazikika: Kuchepetsa gawo pakati pa katemera awiri kuti athetse njira ya katemera mwanjira yotere.

ft.com ayi. 3. Katemera ku Astrazeoneca

Katemera, wopangidwa ku UK ndi Astrazeneca (palimodzi ndi yunivesite ya Oxford), akuwonetsedwa 70% ya bwino. Pafupifupi 23,000 odzipereka adatenga nawo gawo pazoyesedwa. Katemera amagwiritsa ntchito Veral verral, amapangidwa pamaziko a genavirus genome. Pambuyo pa katemera m'thupi la munthu, mapuloteni apadera amapangidwa, omwe amathandizira chitetezo chamthupi kuzindikira cornakavirus. Katemera wa opanga awa ali ndi mwayi wosatsutsika - mtengo. Mlingo umodzi umawononga pafupifupi madola 3 okha. Komanso, kuwononga katemera wa ku Astrayeneca amathanso kusungidwa ndikuwanyamula pamatenthedwe kuti akhale ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Katemera wa "Astrazeeneca"

1. Mtengo wotsika mtengo wa mankhwalawa: Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, opanga mapulogalamuwo apanga kugulitsa katemera uyu pamtengo wa 3 madola awiri.
2. Osavuta kusungitsa ndi kunyamula katemera.
3. Kuchita bwino komanso kusowa kwa milandu yopita kuchipatala pambuyo poyendetsa mankhwala (malinga ndi wopanga katemera).

Katemera wa Katemera wa "Astrazeelandca"

1. Kuyesedwa kwa mphamvu ya mankhwalawa kunawonetsa zotsatira zachilendo: Kuyambira 70% mpaka 90%. Katemera adawonetsa zotsatira zambiri mukamapereka katemera woyamba ndi mlingo wocheperako. Izi zidakakamiza opanga kupanga maphunziro ena a katemera.
2. Astrazeoneca akuimbidwa mlandu chifukwa chakuti idalumikizidwa mu reaties imodzi yosiyanasiyana (izi zikuchitika chifukwa choti njira ya katemera ija idayesedwa pa anthu ochepa).
3. Mankhwala sanayesedwe kwa anthu opitilira 55. Sizikudziwika kuti zotsatira zake zingapangitse katemera wa okalamba.

ft.com ayi. 4. Katemera wotchedwa M. P. C. CHOMOV

Mu Russia Federation, katemera awiri adapangidwa kale ndipo adalembetsa ndikulembetsa. Nthawi yomweyo, "satellite v" (kuchokera pakatikati pa Galeai) ndi "Epivakhron" Vactor Center "Vector" adawonetsa luso la 95%, motero. Katemera wachitatu wachokera pakati pa chongumov - adzayambitsidwa mu Civil Play mu March 2021. Purpy General Director of the Project Zorgent ndi Zatsopano - Konstantin Chernov - adatsindika kuti mitundu yopitilira makumi asanu a coronavirus genome. Izi zikufotokoza kufunika kotetezedwa kwathunthu komwe katemerayo ayenera kuperekedwa. Pakati pa chongumov, katemera wolimba-wotchedwa-uluko amapangidwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti coronavirus SARS-COV-2 imakhazikitsidwa pokonzekera. Komabe, kachilomboka kamakonzedwa mwanjira yomwe adataya katundu wake. Pankhaniyi, kuthekera kwake kochititsa chitetezo cha thupi kumasungidwa. Mwa njira, tsopano panali chikaiko chokaikira mu katemera wa Russia ndikugwa pang'onopang'ono. Chifukwa chake, ngati koyambirira kwaumoyo wa World (ndani) adatsutsa tanthauzo la "satellite v", omwe tsopano oyimira v ", omwe tsopano omwe oimira amayimira kulimbikitsa kuthamanga kwa mankhwalawa.

Ubwino wa Katemera wa ku Russia

1. Atolankhani achi Spanish Federico Cusco adanenanso kuti katemera waku Russia "satellite v" adzatha kupondereza mliri wa Coronavirus. Izi ndizosemphana ndi kuti West adazindikira kuti katemera uyu ndiwozizira kwambiri komanso ngakhale kukayikira.
2. Katemera waku Russia ndi wotsika mtengo - ndiwe wotsika mtengo kuposa mankhwala aku Europe ndi aku America. Federico Cusco amagogomeza kuti Laborth Warmaceusties ya Matarmaceustical "amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pama mitengo ya zakuthambo." Katemera waku Russia "satellite v" amatenga madola 10 pa mlingo (pamsika wakunja) ndi 1942 ma rubles (pamsika wanyumba).
3. Mankhwalawa ali ndi malo osungirako ovomerezeka komanso kutentha kwa mabizinesi.

Chuma cha Katemera waku Russia

1. Akatswiri ena amati gawo lachitatu la mayeso a katemera wa ku Russia sinamalizidwe, chifukwa chimatsirizika anthu osakwanira.
2. Kuperewera kwa gulu loyang'anira kulandira procebo, poyesa katemera "satellite v".
3. Mwa anthu ena omwe adalandira katemera, chizindikiro chakumbali chinawonekera mu mawonekedwe a 40.2о s.

PERRMEUUTICECELCENT.com.

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Inde, sikuti katemera aliyense. Komanso, mndandanda wawo umasinthidwa nthawi zonse. Anthu odzikongoletsa padziko lonse lapansi amafotokoza nkhani yabwino, chifukwa anthu adzakhala ndi katemera wochokera ku Aronevirus. Ndipo mungasankhe mankhwala ati? Gawanani nafe ndemanga zanu, komanso musaphonye zinthu zomwe zokongola zomwe zingachitike mu 2021! Kenako katemera onse Da Katemera ?