Mu nkhani yake yomwe idasindikizidwa pa MDPI portal, gulu la olemba kuchokera ku yunivesite ya zowona za anyamarniation a BRNA, RETARY CHATURIVAT CRAMENT CRAMENT (Czech Revetuble) ndi Malingaliro
"Kuyang'ana nyama yanyama ndi nyama yomwe ikuphedwa imanena za chida chogwirira ntchito chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chanyama ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwanthawi yayitali kuposa.
Cholinga chachikulu cha kuyesereraku ndi kuzindikira nyama zomwe nyama ndi ziwalo zomwe nyama ndi ziwalo sizoyenera kudya, ndikuwapatula ku unyolo.
Komabe, kusanthula kwa cholukachi ndikofunikira kwambiri chifukwa cha malingaliro a Epizoology komanso mayeso azaumoyo.
Mpaka pano, kuthekera kwa chiwonetsero cha choluka pozindikira ndikuwonetsa kuti ziweto zokhala ndi famu monga momwe sizinaphunzitsidwe bwino ndipo sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito mokwanira ndipo sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito mokwanira ndipo sikugwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira.
Chowonadi chakuti nyama zonse zam'madzi ziyenera kuyang'anitsitsa choluka, zimapangitsa kupha malo abwino kuti zitolere zambiri. Izi zimapereka mwayi wapadera posintha zoopsa zaumoyo wonse kuchokera ku malingaliro a anthu ndi nyama, komanso kuwunika bwino za nyama zakufa.
Zizindikiro zakukhala bwino, zomwe zitha kunenedwa za momwe kalulu, zimasinthidwe komanso kuwunikira molondola panthawi yophunzira za ukwati wa nyama kuposa nyama za moyo.
Choyamba, chimakhudza kuvulala kosiyanasiyana, mikwingwirima, ikakanda, abscesses ndi dermatitis. Ma deta ngati amenewa ndi gwero la zofunikira pa zomwe zikupezeka panthawi yonyamula akalulu kupita ku malo ophera nyumba (kuvulala kwambiri) ndi pafamu yochokera (njira zoyambira).
Kukhalapo kwa kuvulaza mwatsopano kumapereka umboni pamlingo wa moyo wabwino nthawi yoyendera, wokhutira ndi wopusa, wodekha ndi wakupha komwe. Kuchulukana konse ndi kuwonongeka kwa kuvulala kotero kumapereka umboni wosavomerezeka kuchokera kwaonyamula kapena kuphedwa. Kusanthula mosamalitsa kwa chilengedwe ndi pafupipafupi matenda a matendawa atha kukhala maziko othana ngati pakufunika kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowongolera komanso zomwe njira zolondolazi zidzakhalapo.
Ngakhale kuti mawu oyendera (makamaka malipoti pazofufumitsa matenda) kupereka zambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mwadongosolo kuchitika sikunachitikebe m'maiko ambiri.
Mabuku sayansi nawonso amakhalanso ocheperako kutola ndi kusanthula deta yokhudzana ndi matenda a pathological aphedwa panyumba yophera.
Kupatula pomwepo kumatha kutchedwa Phunziro la Anthu Lokha la Chipolishi, lomwe likuti 0.48% ya carble onse omwe adaphunziridwa pa Nyumba yopukutira ku Poland mu 2010-2018 adadziwika kuti ndiosakwanira kudya. Zifukwa zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri ndi seymain, mgwirizano, matenda am'mwamba thirakiti, coccidiosis. Kuchuluka kwa coccidiosis ndi matenda ena a parasitic chifukwa nthawi yophunzirayo idachepa, ngakhale kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa sepsis kunawonedwa.
Kafukufuku wowunikira kwa Health Mindamo akuwonetsa kuti nthawi zambiri akalulu amakhala ndi mavuto akulu azaumoyo: Syndrome (makamaka mwa akuluakulu) ndi matenda ang'onoang'ono (nthawi zambiri mu akalulu ang'ono). Matenda ang'onoang'ono - zomwe zimafala pa imfa.
Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala osokoneza bongo a Bacteria a bacteria amakhala ndi nkhani yofananira ya matenda am'matumbo a mafamu a kalulu. Njira zina zathanzi zomwe zimakhudza akalulu m'magulu mafakitale zimaphatikizapo zotupa za subcutonis, alopecia ndi nephritis (aning, camulitonma).
Kafukufukuyu adafunitsitsa kuwunika zotsatira za chowunikira kwa akalulu omwe aphedwa ku Czech Republic mu 2010 mpaka 2019, molingana ndi kuwonongeka kwawo, komanso kuyesa kuchuluka kwa thanzi ndipo A Kalulu anakula pafamuyo motsatira mfundo izi.
Mbizinesi yayikulu kwambiri ya Czech imatulutsa akalulu a 130,000 pachaka
Zaumoyo komanso zokhala bwino za akalulu omwe amakula mafamu adaphunziridwa chifukwa cha akalulu okhazikitsidwa ndi akalulu okwana 1,8769 omwe adasindikizidwa kwa anthu asanu ndi anayi ku Czech Republic mu 2010 mpaka 2019.
Akalulu adalembetsa ndi minda ya 80, yomwe bizinesi imodzi idapereka zoposa 50% ya ntchito zonse zomwe akalulu ku Czech Republic, ndiye kuti, akalulu a 130,000 chaka chilichonse.
Kupanga alimi ena 19 kumachokera ku akalulu a 1000 mpaka 10,000 pachaka, kupanga kwa kalulu wina ndi kalulu kuchokera ku kalulu wa 100 mpaka 1000, pomwe alimi atatu ang'onoang'ono amapezeka mpaka akalulu 100 pachaka.
M'minda, akalulu omwe ali m'maselo ndi ma granules amadyetsedwa. Kupita Kupita Kunyumba Yophedwa kunachitika ndi onyamula ovomerezeka ndi msewu pogwiritsa ntchito zonyamula ndi magalimoto, zopangidwa mwapadera ndikuloledwa kunyamula kalulu.
Akalulu ambiri (88%) adanyamulidwa pamtunda wochepera 300 km (63% ya akalulu a mtunda wosachepera 100 km), ndipo alibe ulendo wosapitilira maola eyiti. Pa zopha zonse za akalulu zidakhumudwitsa magetsi pamutu.
Mulingo wonse wa akalulu omwe amapezeka panyumba yophedwa adalamuliridwa pamaziko a kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa ma akalulu omwe apezeka panyumba yophera. Zambiri pazotsatira zoyeserera pathambo ataphedwa ku Czech Slackle Houses adapezeka polemba chidziwitso cha chidziwitso cha Cuternalmenti ya Czech Republic.
Chiwerengero cha kuchuluka kwa matenda am'madzi omwe apezeka ku chiwerengero chonse cha akalulu omwe amasungidwa panyumba yophera anali 0.0214. Izi zikutanthauza kuti akalulu okwana 1,000 adawerengera 2.14, kulemba kuwonongeka kwaumoyo ndi / kapena bwino, kumapangitsa kusintha kwa matenda a matenda pathonsinamin.
Chochititsa chidwi ndichakuti, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa anthu omwe amagwirizana ndi mayendedwe adapezeka mu nkhuku yosungika (0.37%) ndi akalulu (0.19%), abakha (0.02%) ndi ma turkeys ( 0.15%).
Zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa kuti nkhuku yosungitsa ndi akalulu okhala ndi thanzi labwino amafa nthawi yophera ndalama zambiri, kapena, m'njira zina, mayendedwe amapulumuka kwambiri nyama zabwino.
Chifukwa chake, ali otsekedwa ndi nyama zathanzi, monga zikuwonekera ndi chidziwitso chochepa chatha pambuyo popha chipolopolo, poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya nyama.
Kalulu ndi nyama yowoneka bwino kwambiri, yomwe imawonetsedwa ndi kupezeka koopsa kwa zonyamula anthu, komanso kufa kwa mafamu, makamaka munthawi yosankha.
Kotala la akalulu ang'onoang'ono amafa nthawi yonenepaMoyo waufupi wa akalulu (kunenepa kumamalizidwa isanathe kubzala ziwalo) ndi kufa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino) kumawonetsedwa ndi ziwerengero zomwe zimatola pahouse.
Komabe, ngakhale paliponse omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa matenda omwe akalulu panthawi yoyendera, mutha kuzindikira magulu ena a zomwe ali ndi pafupipafupi ndikuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa thanzi ndi mayendedwe.
Imapezeka pa thupi ndi miyendo yomwe imachitika pafupipafupi, ndipo pafupifupi zoopsa zosintha, zomwe ndizosavomerezeka malinga ndi chitetezo cha nyama.
Choyambitsa nyama, zomwe zimayambitsa, makamaka, kuvulala kwa miyendo, komanso njira yokoka akalulu ndi kuwayika zivundikiro kuti zisayendetse ziweto pamayendedwe onyamula, pomwe Kuvulala, mikwingwirima, dislocation ndi kuwonongeka.
Ma waya amayamwa - zomwe zimayambitsa kuvulala komanso matenda (pararactosis (pararactosis, subwenmatitis), ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kutseka, osachepera, mphasa.
Kuchulukana kwambiri, kumabweretsa mkwiyo wa akalulu, ndikosafunikira.
Matenda osayenera ndi maselo osayenera kuyenda ndi zochitika zachilengedwe ndi zojambula, zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa mafupa a kaluta (kuwonongeka kwamafupa, fupa la mafupa).
Zida za maselo kapena mafoseji a ntchito zopindulitsa (matanthwe, nsanja zapansi, zikwama, nzimbe) zimakhala ndi zotsatirapo zabwino kwambiri, popeza zinthu zimapangitsa kuti asinthe ndi atomini, monga Kutupa kwa maselo.
Akalulu, omwe adapatsidwa nyumba zina (zochepa kupaka kachulukidwe, pansi ndi pulasitiki), anali ndi zovulala zazing'ono.
Chithandizo cha nyama mukamatsitsa ndikutsitsa pakokha ndi chinthu choopsa popewa kuvulaza ndi kufa. Chiwopsezo chimachulukana ndi ma batchi akulu, popeza ndodo imacheperachepera pogwira nyama zambiri.
Zopezeka zatha zatha zimapezeka mu impso ndi chiwindi mukamayesa ziwalo zamkati: pafupifupi mawonetseredwe ochepa mu impso (99.9%). Kusintha kwa impso ndi chiwindi mwina kumachitika chifukwa chosadya pazakudya zina pothandiza nyama zina popezeka kwambiri.
Pakugwira ntchito koyenera kwa misonkho ndipo, chifukwa chake, thupi lonse silimangokhudza kuchuluka kwa zakudya komanso kuchuluka kwa michere, komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe amapezeka, komanso kapangidwe kake ndi kukula kwa tinthu tawo.
Zotsatira zofufuzira zikuwonetsa kuti kuchepa kwa wowuma ndi mapuloteni m'malo osonyeza fibeh kuli ndi phindu pa chimbudzi ndi mphamvu ya mphamvu.
Kupewa matenda am'mimba komanso kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe kake ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwalozo ndi mawonekedwe oyenera a chakudya: mbizi zowoneka bwino komanso zosakwanira 14%) komanso Mapuloteni (15-16%), kuphatikiza kwa zowonjezera zoyenera kumalimbikitsidwa.
Adapezanso mabizinesi angapo (84.5%) ndi mgwirizano (14.9%).
Subcutaneous accessesses - vuto lomwe limachitika pafupipafupi pamadera a kalulu. Amatha kukhazikitsidwa mu akalulu mthupi lonse, koma nthawi zambiri amawoneka ngati miyendo yakumbuyo ndipo m'khosi. Monga lamulo, Dzuka chifukwa cha matenda ovulala omwe amapezeka panthawi yovuta kwambiri chifukwa choluma kapena kumenyana pakati pa akalulu omwe amakhala limodzi.
Kutopa, pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zochitika zina zathanzi, gastroenteritis, yade, coccidiosis ya chiwindi ndi matumbo. Kutopa kumathanso kukhala chifukwa cha ubale wampikisano wokhudzana ndi kupeza kwa chakudya pakulima komwe sikulola kuti anthu ena azipeza michere yambiri.
Chifukwa chake, awa ndi mavuto enieni omwe amafunikira mayankho pamlingo wosinthika wa zomwe zili ndi ukhondo pa mindalu. "
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