Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19, nthawi ya kampani yayikulu idayamba. Maphwando adamenyera mavoti awo, kupereka njira zawo kuthetsa mavuto. Dziko linagawikananso ndi malingaliro. Nthawi zambiri, olemba mbiri ena ankakonda kukangana "izmov": Kuchokera ku Chikominisi kupita ku dziko la dziko la dziko la Europe, lomwe linatsogolera ku mapangidwe amodzi mwa mayiko oyamba. Munkhaniyi tikambirana za Fascism komanso chifukwa chake anaonekera ku Italy.
Chifukwa chiyani Italy?
Mu 1919, yemwe kale anali mtolankhani wa malingaliro a Sociasti ya Sociasti ya Unitasti ya Milan "Union of Faller" - "fasocio dialmerso". Chifukwa chake mawu oti "Fastkism" adagombengo wandale zandale. Inagwiritsidwa ntchito kale, koma tsopano ndi gulu landale lija lomwe limapereka mphamvu. Ufumu wa ku Italy umabadwanso theka lachiwiri la zaka za zana la 19. Anthu aku Italiya sanapangidwebe ndi mtundu, kuti amakumbukira makolo a Aroma wamkulu pa zokomera. Dzikoli linkafuna kubwerera "malowo pansi pa dzuwa", lomwe limatanthawuza kuti Europe yonse, iwo anakonza nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse. Choyamba - kumbali ya Ajeremani ndi Austria, ndipo kuyambira 1915 - kumbali ya entente (England, France ndi Russia).
Mu 1918, nkhondoyo inatha, koma inabweretsa anthu a ku Italiyana: Anthu mamiliyoni ambiri anafa kapena atavulala kwambiri, m'madera ena amakhala pafupi ndi njala, mafakitale anasiya. Ngakhale madera atsopanowo sanalandire Italiya. Aireya anali m'gulu la opambana, koma anali ngati atagonjetsedwa. Pakuwonongeka kwachuma, anthu amakonda kukhulupirira apurism, kutaya mtima kumalepheretsa anthu kuchita zinthu mopitilira. Pankhani ya Italy - mpaka "zolondola" kwambiri, mu malingaliro andale. Benito Musolini ndi "Druzhina" anapatsa njira yopita ku ukulu ndipo iwonso anakhulupirira. "CLIB" - amatanthauza "mtengo", kuti Mussolini adafuna kukwaniritsa, kuti umunthu uja adakhalanso ufumu wa Mediterranean, monga mu nthawi ya Kaisara kapena Aktavia kapena Aktavia. Ndipo kumene ukulu udzakhala wopambana. Vomerezani, kumveketsa mawu, makamaka mukakhumudwitsidwa pamalingaliro akale.
Zoyambira ndi Zoyambira Zokhudza Fascism
Wolemba mbiri yaku America atte umuna unyinji amakhulupirira kuti chimodzi mwazinthu zaluntha za malingaliro a Fascism ndizachikhalidwe. Anapangidwa pambuyo pa akatswiri ena azadziko amakumana ndi malingaliro a Darwin pazachilengedwe. Ngati madera amasankhidwa mwachilengedwe, amapulumuka olimba. Ndipo ngati gulu lalikulu la boma ndi boma, zikutanthauza kuti ziyenera kuteteza anthu awo.
Pamutu chotere, payenera kukhala mtsogoleri wamphamvu komanso wotsogolera, pang'ono kuti "munthu woposa uyu", bwino, kapena momwe ateronhowan ", kapena opambana adati -" Duch ". Nayi chiwembu chachilendo cha malingaliro okhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu: "Mtsogoleri wamphamvu - dziko lolimba - Nkhondo Yoyambirira. ) ndi mafudzi (ku Italy akulamulira mfumu). Zinali zofunikira kuyang'ana mtundu watsopano wandale komanso akatswiri omwe adaperekedwa. Mu 1926, m'modzi mwa omwe mwalululini adasindikiza buku la "Zosasintha pankhani zazikulu za chipani. Mu 1932, "dumchesi" adasindikiza "chiphunzitso cha TIPANJA." Nayi malingaliro akuluakulu a Assists:
- Fuko ndi boma ndiye mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri.
- Kuteteza mtunduwo, dziko liyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira.
- Payenera kukhala maboma akampani pachilichonse, umunthu sungathe kupereka kupulumuka.
- Mpikisano wa liwiro (kutanthauza malingaliro a Hitler) kupatuka. Koma boma likukakamizidwa kuteteza mtunduwo kuchokera ku "anthu ena". Chifukwa chake kuletsedwa pamaukwati osakanikirana kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1930s.
Othandizira oyamba a Benito adakhala ankhondo kale, adakhumudwitsidwa ndi malingaliro a anthu achikhalidwe, kumaonera imfa ya abwenzi ndi anzathu kutsogolo. Asitikali a Mussolini adatchedwa "zakuda zakuda." Kusankhidwa kwa mtundu sikukhala mwangozi: polemekeza maliro a anthu akufa ndi malingaliro. Ultra kumanja unapereka "dziko lawo langwiro."
Kodi ndi ndani uyu mussolini
Mpaka mu 1919, anali ndi gulu la anthu wamba ku Italy. Mbiri yakale kwambiri: Italy "Kumanzere" imayimira komwe kunali koyenera kwa Europe. Pa zaka zankhondo, adasamukira ku Switzerland kuti asayitanitse. Koma kumapeto kwa nkhondoyo, adayamba kukhumudwitsidwa pachikhalidwe cha Socialis, chifukwa panali gulu loyamba, osati fuko. Benito Pofika 1919 kuphatikiza malingaliro a mtundu wa dziko lakomwe, conservatism ndi danga la Darvinism. Kugwira ntchito m'mabuku osiyanasiyana, anaphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito mwaluso mawu oti mtsogolo mwake adamuthandiza pantchito yogwira ntchito.
Kuchokera pamalingaliro
Mu 1921, "mgwirizano womenyera nkhondo" unakhala gulu la Visassastere. Kwa nthawi yoyamba omwe adalengeza kuti amapereka mphamvu. Kupyola m'masankho, kunalibe malo m'nyumba yamalamulo, ndiye kuti Mussolini adawopseza Mfumu Viktoil III ndi gulu lankhondo lomwe linali ku Roma. Mfumuyo inachititsa kuti acindupsy adalandira kalata yawo yovomerezeka. Mu 1924, malo ambiri anali otanganidwa ndi zomwe akufuna kuchita. Nthawi yomweyo, mattesti achitukuko amalankhula ndi zomwe Asia amatsutsa. Posakhalitsa adaphedwa ndi oyang'anira a mussolini. Kusanthula kwandale kunayamba mdzikolo, kutsutsa kunayenera kuchotsedwa. Apolisi achinsinsi analengedwa, ndipo mabodza a Fascist anayamba kudutsa dzikolo. Mu 1929, anthu aku Italiya adavotera pazinthu zochulukirapo kuti athe kukhala ndi chipani chimodzi chokha. Pomalizira pake, Italy inakhala wolamulira.
Zotsatira za kuwoneka kwa Fascism
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ichi ndi malingaliro obwezera. Njira yabwino yobwezera mawonekedwe anu ndikuyambitsa nkhondo yatsopano. Nkhondo imodzi yapadziko lonse inali anthu. Zimatuluka, kuoneka ngati fascism ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomenyera nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse. Mussolini adachititsa kutchuka kwa malingaliro oyenera ku Germany. Hitler Onse 1920s anali wokonda kwambiri mwankhanza wolamulira wa ku Italy, koma pomwe ziwerengero zawo zofananazo, zidayesera kubisa. Führer amasintha malingaliro a "akufa" pansi pa anthu aku Germany, ndikupanga malingaliro amtundu, kuphedwa kwa a Nazi, Misasa ndi milandu ina ya Zaka za m'masiku a makumi awiri kunapangitsa kuti m'zaka za zana lino titchule yamagazi.