M'zaka za m'ma Xix, akatswiri ofukula za m'mabwinja adabwitsa kwenikweni m'manda akale a ku Egypt - zojambula zenizeni za amuna, akazi ndi ana. Zojambulajambula ngati izi sizinafanane ndi zowoneka bwino kale: mitu - mu mbiri, mapewa ndi mabere - motero, chifukwa chake ndataya mtima. Koma adatipatsa lingaliro lomveka bwino la momwe anthu amawonekera zaka 2000 zapitazo.
ADME.PA adaganiza zowonetsa momwe amuna, akazi ndi ana a zaka zija ndi zokongoletsera zomwe adavala. Ndipo kuthokoza asayansi, anamanganso amayi, tikudziwa kuti ojambula akale amajambula moona - molondola kwa 63-73%.
Momwe zolembera zotere zidawonekera
- Zaluso za ku Aigupto, kupatula nthawi yochepa ya Farao Ehnanetoni, inali yotheradi: zojambula ndi zojambula, zopanda nkhawa. Njira iyi idapangidwa ndi chithunzi cha munthu wopita kudziko lina. Manda ofalitsidwa, omwe anaikidwa pankhope a amayi, analinso owonera. Masks otsika mtengo adapangidwa ndi nsalu yolimba ndi pulasitala, ndipo mafarao amatha kukwanitsa masks agolide ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali.
- Kumapeto kwa BC ya zana ino, Egypt idagwa pansi pa mphamvu yaku Roma. Aroma ndi Agiriki adatenga miyambo yakomweko ndi miyambo, koma m'malo mwa masks omwe siakamizidwa adayamba zojambula zawo. "Mafashoni" atsopano mpaka pakati pa zaka za III.
- Opezeka ku Aigupto, akatswiri ofukula za m'mabwinja apeza pafupifupi zojambula zotere, ndipo ambiri amapezeka mu Fayum Oasis. Chifukwa asayansiwa adawatcha kuti ndi zithunzi za Fayum.
- Mosiyana ndi masks, adapangidwa pamatabwa, kawirikawiri - pamphambasi yokhazikika. Mothandizidwa ndi luso lakale la Agiriki ndi Aroma, iwo amapeza chiwikiro ndi malingaliro. Njira yolembera zojambula zina zimakumbukiranso za kutchuka komanso kupsa mtima.
- Njira yosinthira kuchokera ku masks to fray cortiit sinali yomweyo. Zofukufuku, manda okhala ndi mayi wina wa banja lonse adapezeka. Ndipo zomwe akufuna kudziwa, ana ndi amai anali ndi zinsinsi, ndipo mwamuna wake anali ndi chigoba chokhala ndi golide m'malo mwake.
- Katswiri wa Egywn a Rugugupto amatsutsa kuti zithunzi zambiri zoterezi zimapangidwa mu moyo wa munthu ndipo mwina mwina anakongoletsa nyumba yake. Mtundu wa ptri akuwonetsa kuti zithunzi zambiri zimadulidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi zomangira zopukutira.
- Ngakhale panali ziwonetsero, zomwe zimapangidwa bwino chifukwa cha kusesa: ponse pa kukokana kwa chinsalu, momwe mmumy wokutidwa.
Kodi zojambulajambula zoterezi zidakokedwa bwanji
- Ndi anthu ochepa omwe amapereka chithunzi chokondedwa. Flinders pithree adanena kuti mwa amayi onse omwe adapeza, 1-2% okha omwe adakongoletsedwa ndi zithunzi za anthu. Koma mwa iwo omwe anali ndi ndalama kuti alembe zolemba, panali kumaliza kwawo.
- Zithunzi zokongola zidakokedwa ndi sera loyera. Chifukwa cha nyengo yotentha ya Aigupto, ngakhale pano, atatha zaka 18 120, adasunga utoto wawo.
- Zodzikongoletsera za m'magazi ndi madring a azimayi olemera ndi olemera ochokera ku mbale zowonda zagolide weniweni - wolimba. Zithunzi zoterezi, monga lamulo, zidachitika ndi ambuye aluso kwambiri.
- Zojambula zotsika mtengo, kutentha kunagwiritsidwa ntchito pamaziko a dzira yolk. Koma zojambula zambiri zopangidwa ndi Tever zinali zosavuta pophedwa, zopaka utoto pazinthu zotsika mtengo ndipo, kuwonjezera apo, zidavulala kwakanthawi.
Omwe adawonetsedwa pa zojambula za FUYM
- Ngakhale atagonjetsedwa ku Egypt, zolanda kwambiri mdzikolo zidatengedwa ndi Aroma, kuli Aigupto ambiri pamafanizo a FUYAN. Ambiri mwa anthu okhala achi Greek anakwatirana ndi Aigupto am'deralo, anatengera chikhalidwe ndi zikhulupiriro ndi kupanga china chake.
- Nthawi yomweyo, dzina lachi Greek kapena latin pachithunzipa silitanthauza kuti paichi Greek kapena Mroma: motsogozedwa ndi mafashoni pa chikhalidwe chachikulu, Aigupto ambiri amadzitengera mayina ".
- Akazi mu zojambula za Fayum adawonetsedwa ndi mafayilo osiyanasiyana, zovala zapamwamba komanso zokongoletsera. Amakhala ndi nkhawa zakunyumba zosiyanasiyana: zoyera, zofiira, zachikasu, lilac, buluu kapena pinki.
- Asitikali ndi ojambula masewera olimbitsa thupi akhungu atavala zotayidwa ndi mapewa osavala. Mwambiri, amuna nthawi zambiri ankawonetsedwa zovala zoyera, ndipo andime ndi agolide okha anali pa iwo.
- Ana pa zojambula za Fayum nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa ndi m'khosi la golide, pomwe amalet adayimitsidwa.
- Ndi mkanda wotere pakhosi, mwana wamng'ono wazaka 3-4, omwe amayi ake komanso chithunzi tsopano ali m'gulu la zosungiramo zinthu zakale ku Munich. Kuti adziwe momwe amayang'ana m'moyo, asayansi adamanganso amayi ake. Ndipo zidakwana kuti ojambulawo ngakhale ndimapaka utoto wofanana kwambiri, koma ndinamuwonetsa mwana wamkulu kwa zaka zingapo.
- Pamene Aigupto akale adachita zifanizo za akazi, nthawi zambiri amawaonetsa achichepere kwambiri komanso okongola. Koma amuna m'zaka zisanachitike sanasungunuke - amakhulupirira kuti m'badwo wokhwima umakongoletsedwa ndipo umapereka mwayi.
- Panali zovuta zina pa zojambula za Fayum: Ana, anyamata ndi atsikana nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa kumeneko. Amangofotokozedwa: Moyo wa masiku amenewo ngakhale anthu olemera anali achidule. Ndi kukhala ndi moyo mpaka mphindi ikajambulira zojambulazo, ndi anthu ochepa omwe angathe.
- Pali zambiri zodabwitsa: Amayi omwe amajambula amakhala ndi mahatchi osiyanasiyana, ndiye kuti, m'masiku amenewo. Ili pamakomo a masitolo, asayansi amazindikira zomwe nthawi zonse zili chithunzi chimodzi kapena china. Mwachitsanzo, munthawi ya ulamuliro wa Emperor, azimayi omwe amavala tsitsi wamba ndi kudzipereka pakati, ndipo mafashoni pambuyo pake adakumana ndi masitayilo ovuta, kuluka ndikutsika pamphumi.
Kodi mudasamala kuti zojambula zonse za mphuno ndizosalala, ndipo maso ndi akulu komanso akuya? Mukuganiza kuti chifukwa chiyani?