Kutsitsa Masewera a 100 GB kwa maola angapo, ndikuonera kanema wothana ndi 4k pa ntchito yodulira ndikuyika kale, zomwe ndizovuta kudutsa nthawi popanda onse Izi. M'malo mwake, zokambirana, zinthu zina zinali, koma zikadachoka ngakhale masiku, ndipo masabata ndi miyezi - ngati tilingalira za kufalikira kwazinthuzi. Onliner, limodzi ndi Samsung Galaxy S21, akupitiliza kuphunzira nkhani ya Baynet mbali zonse. M'magawo a m'mbuyomu, tidakambirana za kutuluka kwa intaneti komwe kumachitika pa intaneti ku Belarus ndi chilengedwe cha masamba oyamba. Ndipo lero tiyeni tikumbukire opereka oyamba, nambala ya 8-600-100 (iyo, panjira, yasafikire kwa zaka zinayi) ndi maankhani akuluakulu a foni yomwe ogwiritsa ntchito adagwa pa intaneti.
Makompyuta amawononga pafupifupi $ 1000 pamlingo
Ngakhale intaneti ku Belaus idawonekera kumayambiriro kwa zaka zambiri, kwazaka zambiri sanakhalebe woyambitsa, malo ofufuzira ndi chilichonse chomwe chimamveka m'mphepete mwa chidule chatsala "Nii". Bellaros Nikolay akukumbukira kuti iyenso amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti "Panthawizonse kumvetsetsa", kunayandikira mu 1995-1996, ngakhale anthu ambiri sanadziwe bwino pa intaneti. Funso "ili pa intaneti?" Kudabwitsanso kwa omwe akuithandiza: "Pepani, kompyuta idawononga dongosolo la madola. Sindikukumbukira kuti nthawi inali ndi ntchentche, koma zinali zovuta kupeza ndalama zotere. Ndipo ine ndinali wophunzira. Intaneti yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito kuntchito, ndipo, kwenikweni, ndi pakati pa mabungwe angapo akuluakulu. " Nikolai nthawiyo anali ku sukulu ya sayansi. NJIRA zinayamba kulumikiza intaneti pafupifupi theka lachiwiri la zaka makumi angapo, koma kwanthawi yayitali sizinachitike.
Zaka makumi awiri zapitazo, makompyuta amawoneka ngati
Ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti yoyamba ku Belarus ndi akatswiri omwe amafunikira kuti athe kupeza chidziwitso chakunja pantchito yawo. Nikolay akukumbukira kuti kenako anapita pa intaneti kuti akafufuze zambiri pamagawo akunja, makalata ndi anzawo achilendo komanso abwenzi: "Ndinali ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito akaunti ya abwana anga."
Intaneti yanyumba kenako, zidatheka, koma zopumira zambiri pakupezeka kwa kulumikizana kapena mtengo wake, koma pamtengo wa kompyuta. Munthawi imeneyi, PCyo imatha kukhala ochepa, ndipo ndi zaka chikwi zatsopano, kompyuta idzakhala chida chocheperako kapena chocheperako mu nyumba za Belanduans.
- Ndili yolankhulana zanga, ambiri agwiritsa ntchito intaneti, koma bwaloli linali lodabwitsa: Wina adayamba kuchita malonda apadziko lonse lapansi, wina adayamba kugulitsa mawebusayiti, "a Nikolai adayamba.
Oyamba Opereka
Belpaak amadziwika kuti ndi netiweki yoyamba ya belarisian yomwe boma limayamba kukula mu 1992 kuchokera ku unit ya Switch in Minsk. Kenako idagwiritsidwa ntchito imelo, ndipo idafunikira kwambiri idapitilira zoperekazo. Chifukwa chake, mchaka chasanu ndi madera a dzikolo. Komanso theka loyamba la zaka makumi angapo, gulu lantchito wamba limatuluka, lilinso NSY kapena "NSC". Woyambitsa wake Alexei Kolb amakumbukira kuti nthawi yake ndi "euphoria ku kufalitsidwa ndi kukonzanso." Nthawi yomweyo, ofesi ya American Actionation yolumikizana yopita patsogolo idapezeka ku Moscow, yomwe idapangitsa kuti pa intaneti ifike pa minofu. Amatchedwa gululo "Glasnet", adayamba kugwira ntchito ngati wopereka.
- Ndinamaliza maphunziro awo ku yunivesite mu 1993 ndipo ndimadziyembekezera ndekha. Kwa nthawi yayitali ndinali kuchita zomasulira pepala ku Autocad, kenako ndinalandira chiphaso cha Glasnet "ku Belarus. Anachotsa m'chipindacho mumsewu wa Russia m'malo ena osiyidwa, ndinakokera kompyuta kunyumba ndikupanga seva. "Alexey amakumbukira.
Patatha chaka chimodzi, pa Seputembara 9, 1994, The EmbrePeneur adalembetsa ma netiweki:
- Nthawi yoyamba yogwira ntchito kudzera mu "Glasnet", nthawi yomweyo makasitomala oyamba adawonekera. Tinali ndi laisensi nambala for, ndi woyamba, "Belipaka".
Pafupifupi zaka zofananira, opemphedwa ena adayamba kuwonekera, ndipo analiko ambiri a iwo: "Solo", "otseguka", "Blindfield" (ADSLF.by) ndi ena. Woyang'anira waluso wa Atlant TeleKoma (wokhazikitsidwa mu 2000) Oleg Gavrilov akukumbukira kuti msika woyamba wa Zakachikwi sunali waulere komanso mpikisano wapadera pakati pa omwe amapereka.
- kunena kuti opereka awa anali akulu, - mwina ayi. Ngakhale zimatengera momwe mungayenerere. Beltelecom ndi MGTS anali magawano osiyana kwathunthu, ndi Beltelecom nthawi imeneyo sizinapereke mwayi wofikira (Blyfly Brand adawoneka pambuyo pake). Kupeza kwa ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti adatha kupangira magts: Iwo adawapatsa machilidwe onunkhira, koma anali ndi chilengedwe, ali ndi chimbudzi. Ponena za enawo ... kuyitanitsa wopereka wamkulu ndi kampani yokhala ndi mizere 60 ya makasitomala oyambira ndi makasitomala 5,000 omwe mwagwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwa intaneti? Tsopano ngakhale mu netiweki yakomweko, Dormot iliyonse imakhala anthu ambiri.
Nambala yabwino 8-600-100
Niche anali mfulu, ndipo odzipereka adapangidwa makamaka okonda. Woyambitsa "Hometch Network" Dmitro Aistyo akuti, poyerekeza, ndipo poyamba amafuna kuti moyo ukhale wosavuta:
- Kupanga kwa opereka kunayamba. Sitinakhale opereka chithandizo, ndimangoyesa kupeza zotsika mtengo za pa intaneti ndipo sitingathe kukhala ndi ndalama zambiri, anzathu ndi aliyense amene amalumikizana ndi netiweki yathu. Pang'onopang'ono, a Amateur Hobby wakhala ntchito, ndipo opikisana nawo adakakamiza kuti afotokozere.
Pazochitika za "Home Network" pamsikawo, kunalibe, ndipo zomwe zimafunikira kuti intaneti ithe. Zachuma zinali zazing'ono, ndalama zazikulu ndizogwira ntchito kwambiri komanso chidziwitso m'munda womanga netiweki.
Chithunzi: Alexey Flask Archive
Kufuna kunali kwakukulu, ndipo adapanga nthawi yochepa:
- Maonekedwe a "Regroll" woyamba adawonetsa kuti kufunikira kwake kunali kwakukulu. Okonda anawona mwayi, monga ndalama zochepa zolipirira ndipo mwina amapeza. Tinayamba ndi mizere 60 yosintha. Panalibe china. Kenako mizere 120 idawonekera, ngakhale pambuyo pake - 240, "akutero Olen Elevov. - Belarus wa 2000th - epoch yolumikizidwa (kuyimba). Iye, mwakumba, anali kupezeka. Kenako anagwira ntchito ya Betelecom, panali ambiri 7-600-100. Onse adazigwiritsa ntchito: onse aku Urlingsa ndi asing'anga.
Tsopano zikuwoneka ngati zachilendo, koma kuthamanga kwa mwayi kunali nthawi zambiri ma kbps. Unali kuthamanga kwambiri kupezeka muyezo. Ena adayesa kuthamangitsa njira ya 53 kbps. Ndipo, kutengera mtundu wa mzere, mwina mudalandira liwiro lotere kapena silinalandire.
Kulumikizana kwa telefoni kunali kofananira, ndipo makamaka, nthawi zina zinali zofunika kugawana mzere umodzi m'magulu angapo: manambala osiyana a foni, nyumba za oyandikana nawo, koma mutha kugwiritsa ntchito foni yake, chifukwa mzerewo amasuta.
- Ndipo ine sindinali wotero, izi sizosiyana. Zimatembenuka mukakhala pa intaneti kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo mzerewu udatanganidwa, mnansiyo sakanatha kuyitanitsa kulikonse. Ndipo panali, kunadzanso pakhomo: "Changu nthawi zambiri, ndiimbireni. Kusangalala, kwakukulu. Kenako chitukuko chinayendayenda m'mphepete mwathu: Iwo adawona mzerewo, ndiye kuti tsopano anali wanga kale. M'mbuyomu, zinali zosatheka kutsegula: Mzere kwa zaka khumi, lembani ndikudikirira.
Keke kwa zaka zisanu za NSYs. Chithunzi: Alexey Flask Archive
Gulitsani kompyuta kuti mulipire akaunti ya intaneti
Mu 2000, intaneti inali yokwera mtengo, ngakhale kuti palibe amene amakumbukira mitengo moyenera - makamaka ngati tilingalira za kuchuluka kwa dola chabe ku ruble, komanso kusokonezeka pang'ono, kenako nkomwe. Komabe, omvera athu onse akuti mitengo inali yokongola kwambiri. Ndipo nthawi yomweyo sizinaletse aliyense. Wowerenga vladimir anakumbukira kuti tsiku lina kulipira ngongole pafoni amayenera kugulitsa kompyuta yakale:
- Zinali zinanso zoopsa: mchimwene wanga anali ndi achinyamata, intaneti ndi chinthu chatsopano, chosangalatsa, ndipo ndikufuna kukhala ndi nthawi. Tinapachika usiku wobisika .bby (panali zigawo zokhalapo: za masewera, kusodza, ndi zina zotero) ndi "matchaini". Zingamveke, kungolankhulana, komanso zimatenga nthawi. Tsopano ndife mtundu wina wambiri pa intaneti ndikuyang'ana, kenako ndimangosangalala ndi munthu. Ndinaphunzira "solo pa kiyibodi" ndipo ndinalemba muat mwachangu kwambiri. Tsiku lina adawona kuti pafoni inali yofunikira kulipira ma ruble 80,000. Ndikukumbukira kuti makolo anga amalumbira kwambiri ma ruble 1520, pomwe ine ndi mtsikana wokhala ndi foni yambiri. Ndipo pano zikwi 80! Ndinapita kumsika mu Zhdanovichi ndi magawo opumira adagulitsa kompyuta yakale kuti ibweze ngongoleyo. Makolo sanadziwe kalikonse kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kutsegulira nthawi zambiri kumaperekedwa ndi nthawi yolumikizana, osatinso kuchuluka kwa magalimoto otsika. Chifukwa chake, liwiro pang'onopang'ono lidatsogolera kuzowonjezera ndalama: Masamba amadzaza misala kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo ndalama zakhazikitsidwa.
Koma, monga nthawi zonse, mavuto abwino angapangitse moyo kukhala wosangalatsa pa intaneti, akutero Oleg Gavrilov (Atlant Telecom):
- Pali ndalama - kulumikiza kudzera mu kulowa kwa "Beltelloma" kapena kupita kwa omwe anali ndi ma dziwe lawo. Mwakutero, panali ngakhale pang'ono mtengo pang'ono. Omwe amakhazikika, adagula mzere wa ISDN - ndiye kuti ndi zingwe ziwiri zomwezo, zokhazokha zonse ziwiri zokha, zongomaliza zida zapadera za Isdn zidagwiritsidwa ntchito. Njira yothetsera vutoli lapangitsa kuti ikhale ndi liwiro la 64 kbps, ndipo inali chizindikiro cha digito, osati fanizo. Ndiye kuti, chizindikirocho chalandilidwa kale. Ndani winanso wafika, anali ndi mzere wokwezedwa wa pafoni pa intaneti kokha. Chabwino, olemera kwambiri njira zolumikizirana: kunali megabit kapena awiri. Kuti mumvetsetse: Modem wotere umawononga $ 1,200. Sanapezeke kwa aliyense payekhapayekha, mabungwe alamulo, nawonso. Ndani wolumikizana? Opereka ndipo mwina mabanki ena.
Nthawi zina opereka safuna kuti sanalidi, koma pamtengo komanso kukhazikika kwa kulumikizana - ngakhale pamtengo wokwera. Njira iyi idasankha NSYS:
- Tinayesa mwachikhazikitso kuti tisunge mtengo wokwera kuposa opereka ena, pofika 7-12%. Pa ndalama izi adagula ma rauta apamwamba kwambiri, modem U.S. Robotics. Pakati pa makasitomala athu ali ndi mabanki onse a Belarusia. Zowona, kenako Lamulo lina linatuluka, ndipo tinatenga gawo lino.
Chithunzi: Archive Alexei Flask "Thandizo la chaka cha 2005 sinali"
Pobwera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito oyamba, panafunika thandizo lawo. Akatswiri ochepa mwaukadaulo anali ochepa, ndipo opereka amathetsa vutoli ndi mafelemu mosiyanasiyana. Pankhani ya "Okondana Panyumba", akatswiri aluso adalandira kuchokera kwa okonda anzawo, komanso ogwira ntchito pafupipafupi a kampaniyo, akutero Dmitry Egypt:
- Akatswiri abwino kwambiri adaleredwa ndikudzidzutsa okha, antchito ambiri anali ochokera kwa olembetsa mapepala. Ndipo amamvetsetsa zonse.
Oleg Gavrilov ("Atlant Telecom") akuti ndiye akatswiri othandizira aluso motero ndipo kunalibe:
- Kunalibe thandizo laukadaulo kwa chaka cha 2005. Pa nthawi yamaziko a wopereka, tinali anthu asanu ndi limodzi okha, omwe ali ndi luso la akatswiri awiri ndi chingwe chimodzi. Apa iwo anali akuchita zonse: ndipo maukadaulo a Network, ndi makina osinthira, ndi chithandizo, ndi kuwayika.
Ndi chitukuko cha omwe amapereka, boma lidapangidwa kuchokera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi maphunziro aukadaulo: Polytech, radiotech. Komanso anaphunzitsanso anthu m'malo omwe sanawululidwe mayunivesite.
Dmitry Egypko ("Home network"): "Makina oyamba osokosera pamaneti. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito, kugula ku Moscow pa msika wa suta "
Kenako zokambirana zaluso pamenepo zidabuka kwambiri: Anthu sanadziwe mawonekedwe osangolumikiza intaneti, komanso ntchito yamakompyuta. Nthawi zina, malinga ndi Alexey Kolba (nsys), anali wokonzeka:
- Anagwira nkhani zoseketsa, ndipo ambiri aiwo amalumikizidwa ndi thandizo laukadaulo. Mwanjira ina tinasintha ma racks ndi maseva, ndipo sitinagwiritsidwe ntchito pafupifupi maola amodzi ndi theka. Wogwiritsa ntchito amafunsa ndi kudandaula: Palibe intaneti. Ndipo katswiri wathu amalangiza: Amati, mwina muyenera kusokoneza disk? Njira yobera imangotenga pafupifupi maola ndi theka. Kenako kasitomala yemweyo anaitanidwanso ndikuthokoza: Zikomo, zandithandiza. Kuyambira pamenepo, nthawi zambiri, kukambirana mavuto ena, kumafunsana wina ndi mnzake, kaya disk idasokonekera.
Alexey Kolb.
Panalibe mavuto ndi kukulitsa kwa olembetsa. Ngakhale zili choncho: Anthu omwe amawafotokozera omwe amathandizira kulumikiza.
- Mwamwayi, chigawo chimodzi chinali chopereka chimodzi - monga tsopano ndi chingwe TV. Ndipo simunasankhidwe: Kawirikar in infrive, kapena wopereka, kapena ulibe intaneti, "akutero Ollant Telecom").
Pofika kumapeto kwa ma 2000 okha, zinthu zinasinthidwa kukhala zosiyana: opereka amayamba kumenyera kasitomala.
Kufufuza malo abwino kumawoneka motere: moyenera, pasayenera kukhala opikisana nawo gawo lino. Kenako malowa amatsimikizika ndi kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa anthu - monga lamulo, awa ndi malo ogona okhala ndi nyumba zamitundu yayitali. Pomaliza, muyenera kumvetsetsa kapena kuti mumvetsetse, komwe kuli anthu ambiri mwa anthu omwe amakhala olemera.
Oyang'anira atakhala ndi madera onse, mpikisano unayamba: "Wondipatsa aliyense anali ndi lingaliro lanyumba yokhala ndi nyumba zisanu, pomwe mudzakhala ndi anthu achiwiri pamenepo, kenako nkudzakhala wachiwiri pamenepo . "
Zotsatira zake, mpikisano unatsogolera kuti m'mbali zonse padera panali opereka 3-5, ndipo kulimbana kwakeko kunali kale kwa makasitomala: mtengo wa mitsinje, masheya ndi zinthu zina.
Dmitry Egysto ("Hometwo") akukumbukira kuti ma network omwe amawoneka ngati "mascades osalamuliridwa mu zikopa komanso mwapansi opotoka ndi" mpweya "kudzera mu chipinda cha nyumba zoyandikana nawo." Koma patatha zaka zingapo adayamba kumanga netiweki yotengera mzere wolumikizira fiberi:
- Mwaukadaulo, kwa zaka khumi, tadutsa njira yochokera ku "sopo" kwa $ 15 mpaka zamakono zoyendetsedwa ndi fiber, ndi malo angapo okhala ndi mitundu yambiri.
Dmitry Egypko ("Home Network"): "2005, kuyesa koyamba ndi fiber koptic mu netiweki. Choyamba, kusintha "mpweya", komwe kunawotchedwa nthawi zonse pa bingu "
Popita nthawi, msikawu udagawana othandizirana ndi iwo, ndipo njira zolumikizira zomwe zili m'mizinda yayikulu zakhala zochulukirapo kotero kuti tisankhe malungo abwino okha. Koma zikhala kutali ndi 2000.
Timapereka Galaxy S21 Ultra. Makamera ake ndi studio yamafilimu m'manja mwanu. Ndi icho, mutha kuwombera vidiyo mu 8k ndikusintha chimango chilichonse m'chithunzi chongopita. Ndipo kuphatikiza kwa okhazikika 5-nanometer puroses exynos, vuto lokhalo lagalasi ndi batri tsiku lonse la ntchito limalungamitsa dzina lachitsanzo - Ultra.
Konzekerani ndi thandizo la Samsung Malembo a Samc Rus Komponi, unitp 7703608910.
Wonenaninso:
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Kodi pali china choti anene? Lembani kwa telegraph yathu. Ndizosadziwika komanso mwachangu
Kubwezeranso mawu ndi zithunzi onliner osatha kuthetsa akonzi ndi oletsedwa. [email protected].