Modabwitsanso ofanana ndi Fern Specigus: Kufotokozera kwathunthu, chithunzi ndi chisamaliro kunyumba

Mjereji yotseguka ya phula la Asparagus imatha kukongoletsa njira iliyonse yokhayo, komanso imatsitsimutse mkati mwa nyumba kapena nyumba yamnyumba.

Kuwona malamulo ophweka, ngakhale chomera cham'maluwa chomwe chimatha kukulirani panyumba, osagwiritsa ntchito mwapadera.

Mafotokozedwe a Botanical

Asparagus amasamalira (A. Plususus) amadziwika kuti asparagus Schetnikovid (Asparagus Sucaceus), komanso Mkwatibwi, ozizira. Nthawi zina amatchedwa fan. Komabe, mbewu yokhudzana ndi banja la Asparagus (spiry) chomera, mu kapangidwe kake, pafupi ndi Limna ndi oimira ambiri a banja la Ferniki, alibe chochita.

Wotsutsa ku Asparagus - kwanthawi yayitali kwambiri nthawi zonse liana wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ena:

• Tsinde ndi woonda, wamaliseche, wosinthika, mpaka 1.5 m kutalika.
• Mu chomera chaching'ono, tsinde ndi loyipa, kwa wamkulu - wopindika;
• Masamba opanda maziko amasinthidwa kukhala a bulauni a bulauni moyandikana ndi phesi;
• M'malo a masamba a masamba, pali bilovoiovoid yambiri, yochepetsedwa kwambiri, yochepetsedwa, yosalala (quartrated) amatenga nawo mbali m'malo mwa photosynthesis;
• Zing'onozing'ono, zodekha (m'mimba mwake) 0,5 masentimita, kutalika 0,5-1.5 masentimita) amasonkhanitsidwa zidutswa zobiriwira zobiriwira, kupandukira kufanana kwa mtengo wa Khrisimasi;
• Gawo la mphukira limakhala lozungulira ndikufanana ndi ntchito yotseguka mwachangu;
• Rhizome yopingasa, yamphamvu yamphamvu imakhala ndi tubers angapo ovutitsa ma tubers ndi mizu yopyapyala yambiri.

Referes! Adpts Fen-Shuya akukhulupirira kuti katsibuzuyu umasiyanitsa mphamvu, kuchiritsa kupsinjika, kumapangitsa kuti mukhale pachipindacho. Chomera china chimatha kuzomera ndikutsuka mpweya, kuti uziyambitsa zitsulo zolemera.

Chithunzi

Tatumizidwa kukuthandizani chithunzi cha mitundu ya mapiritsi.

Mbiri Yoyambira

Mtundu woyamba wa Asparagus umawonedwa bwino, womwe umadziwika kuti ku Asparagus. Aroma akale anali ndi chikhalidwe chaulimi. Koma kumapeto kwa XIX kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la makumi awiri. Mitundu ina ya ku African, American, Mediterranean katsilerabugus inayamba kugwiritsa ntchito minda yonyamula malo, kenako pamaziko amakalasi.

Kusiyana kuchokera ku mitundu ina

Amayi a Asparagus Perisy - Southern Europe. M'madera okhala ndi zofewa, zonyowa, kutentha nyengo, kumabzala poyera ngati chomera chokongoletsera. M'malingaliro a Russia, katsitsumzukwa sikuti kuwoneka ngati chomera chokhacho.

Chidwi! Mphukira za mphukira za mtunduwu sizoyenera.

Kuchokera kwa mitundu yokongoletsera, pa par ndi perterugus, wolimidwa:

• Asparagus Shpreenger (Asparagus Ethiopian) ndi mawonekedwe a udzu wokhala ndi maluwa onunkhira ochepa, mphukira zopyapyala, singano masamba, singano masamba mpaka kalekale;
• Chomera cham'magulu - chomera chamtali, chomwe chimayandikana ndi maluwa kuti athe kupulumutsa kusinthidwa kwa nthawi yayitali mutadula;
• Cystic - ndi kutalika (mpaka 2 m) mphukira ndi maluwa okongola owala pinki otsegulidwa mu burashi;
• Wopangidwa ndi kudwala - mitundu yambiri ya kapasiburugus, yokhala ndi kutalika kwa ma 4 m) ndi tsinde lakuda, yodziwika ndi malo okwiririka amtima;
• Zabwino kwambiri ndi mitundu yofanana ndi katsitsumzukwa yovuta, koma yokhala ndi magawo osowa komanso owonda;
• Asparagus Teyer ndi chomera cha shrub okhala ndi singano zowongoka "zotsogola" ndi zoyendetsedwa ndi mphukira zophimbika zokwanira 50-60 cm.

Kuphukira ndi Kubala zipatso

Ngakhale ndi chisamaliro chabwino, katsitsumzukwa seamseus chimamera kwa zaka 5-10.

Nyenyezi zotambalala za belu mu chomera ndizolondola, zazing'ono, zobiriwira zoyera, zosakwatiwa kapena zidutswa ziwiri. Duwa limakhala ndi ma endower 6, chotchinga chaching'ono cha pestle, chimbalangondo chachifupi, mawonekedwe atatu.

Kuti mbewu, mosavutikira, katsitsumaroguzu ziyenera kuchita zinthu mwaluso. Zipatso ndi zipatso zabuluu zozungulira ndi mbewu 1-3 mkati. Mbewu yokhala ndi chingwe chopya chochepa kwambiri.

Chofunika! Asparagus zipatso zoopsa! Amakhala ndi poizoni wambiri - saponins zomwe zimayambitsa kukwiya mucous nembanemba.

Kodi chomera chachikulu ndi mbewu ndi zingati?

Mtengo wa katsitsuntzu woyikiridwa m'masitolo wapadera wopezeka umasiyana malinga ndi wopanga, kukula ndi zaka za mbewu.

Flower maluwa 20 masentimita kuchokera ku 150 mpaka 690 rubles, kutalika kwa 30 cm - 1000-1700 rubles, ndi 40 masentimita - 100-2800 rubles.

Zotsika mtengo zambiri zokula pambuyo pa mbewu kuchokera kumbewu. Kulongedza ndi nthangala zitatu zili m'masitolo apadera komanso pa intaneti kuyambira 25 mpaka 90, koma zotsatirazi ziyenera kudikirira kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kubzala maluwa a m'nyumba

Asparagus movutikira mtundu wa mitundu yopanda chimbudzi ya katsitsumzukwa. Ndiosavuta kumera mbeu. Choyamba konzani dothi. Zoyenera:

• Okonzeka kuwononga dothi lapadziko lonse lapansi lazomera zochokera pa humus, dothi lapadera la ma ferns;
• Kusakaniza kwa magawo ofanana pepala ndi turf, peat, mchenga wamtsinje, komwe mungawonjezere mathithi a Urban.

Nthaka iyenera kukhala yofooka (Ph - 6.0-6.8), khalani ndi mawonekedwe abwino aerobic.

Nthaka imasambitsa madzi otentha owotchera, yankho lofooka la mangalls, akuwononga kapena madzi.

Kufika potsatira malangizo a sitepe ndi-

1. Madeti oyenera obzala katsitsumzukwa - Marichi, Marichi, ngakhale nthawi yake imatha kusunthidwa mpaka June-Julayi.
2. Musanabzale nthangala, zimasungidwa m'madzi otentha tsiku lachiwiri.
3. Nthawi yomweyo musanadzalemo, mbewuzo zimamizidwa kwa mphindi 15 mu pinki yankho la manganese.
4. Mbewu zimayikidwa panthaka yothina, nthaka imatakankhira pang'ono ndikuthamangitsidwa (0,5 cm) kapena mchenga wowuma (1 cm). Utsi kuchokera ku pulogalamuyo ndi madzi ofunda.
5. Kuthekera ndi mbande zimakutidwa ndi filimu yolimba (galasi, zinthu zoyakitsani), zitsitsimula.
6. Mukamauma pamwamba pa dothi, limathiridwa bwino ndi madzi ofunda.
7. Pamaso patalowa m'chipindacho, kutentha kumakhalabe ndi kutentha + 20-25 ºC.
8. Mphukira zimapezeka m'masabata 3-6. Atafika kutalika kwa 7-10 masentimita, amanjenjemera m'magalasi olekanitsidwa ndi mainchesi 8-15 masentimita.
9. Zilonda nthawi ndi nthawi zimatembenuka kuti asatambasule kuwala.
10. Pambuyo pa miyezi 3-4 mutabzala, mphukira zimasinthidwa kukhala chakudya chosasinthika.
11. Zomera zazing'ono, muyenera kuphika mumphika wambiri wa 10-12 cm. Pansi, kukhetsa masamba ndi.

Referes! Pa mbewu za Asparagus Shell. Kusamala zopumira ndi singano yamankhwala, mutha kufufuta kumera.

Ngati mukufuna kusunga malo ofukula a mphukira, ndiye, akamakula, amagwirira ntchito mwapadera. Komabe, nthawi zambiri chomera chimabzala m'misempha, Cass, mabasiketi ngati chomera cha Ampel.

Kusamalira Bzalani kunyumba

Kusamalira Perticrugus ndikosavuta kutsatira mikhalidwe yomangidwa ndikuchita njira zosavuta.

Kutentha

Nthawi yakukula (kasupe-chilimwe), kutentha kumakhala bwino kwambiri + 20-25 ºC. Nyengo ikalola, mbewuyo imatha kutengedwa pa veranda.

M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kumatsitsidwa ku + 12-16 ºC. Ngati izi sizinachitike, zimayambira ndipo mphukira zimayamba kunyamuka, chikasu, mbewuyo imatayika zokongoletsera. M'nyengo yozizira, katsitsumzukwa imatha kukonzekera ndi kusamvana kwa kutentha.

Kuyatsa

Duwa limakonda bwino malo owala bwino. Malo abwino kwambiri pafupi ndi West, East, North Sweet. Kusindikiza kumbali yakumwera kumagawidwa.

Nthawi yamdima, katsitsumzukwa kwenikweni, modzikuza modekha osasinthana.

Kuthirira ndi chinyezi

Munthawi yogwira ntchito, kuthirira nthawi zonse kumafunikira katatu pa sabata. Duwa lamadzi la kutentha kwamadzi. Kusunthika kwa madzi m'nthaka sikuloledwa mphindi 20-30 pambuyo pa njirayi, madzi amachotsedwa pa pallet.

Kuyambira Novembala mpaka Marichi, kufalikira kwa kuthirira kumachepetsedwa, koma osalola kuti dziko lapansi liwonongeke. Mu February - Marichi, ndi chiyambi cha kuthira kwa mphukira zatsopano, pang'onopang'ono kulamulira pothira chilimwe.

Duwa silimakonda mpweya wowuma kwambiri, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumathandizanso kupatsa magazi, kusamba. Osayika chomera pafupi ndi zida zotenthetsera.

Chidwi! Mutha kukhala osamala, kuyika ndege ndi madzi pafupi ndi katsitsumzukwa kapena kukhazikitsa mphika mu pallet ndi sphagnum, mchenga, miyala yaying'ono. Podkord

Kudyetsa kumafunikira panthawi yeniyeni (nthawi imodzi m'masabata awiri). M'dzinja-nthawi yachisanu, manyowa a katsitsums 1 nthawi pamwezi.

Kudyetsa Ntchito:

• Zowonjezera zowonjezera (makasitomala a mafuta a ndowe, zipatso kapena zikopa za nthochi, nettle, nettle, tiyi);
• Ma feteleza a mchere wa maluwa amchere (Achilimi, Kemira, Fertik Suite, Edioverton, Radioovertar);
• Zosangalatsa kukula (bud).

Zotsatira zabwino zimapereka kusintha kwa zinthu zachilengedwe ndi mchere.

Kuthamangitsa

Kupatula apolisi akamakumbukira kuti chitukuko cha Asparagus ndi chachilendo ndikugawika magawo angapo:

1. Kumera.
2. Mapangidwe a mizu ndi tsinde popanda mapangidwe a ziwalo zatsopano (masamba, zongoyerekeza).
3. Kukula kwa mbali zonse za mbewu.

Kudulira kumabweretsa gawo lachitatu la chitukuko. Ndi mizu yosiyanasiyana, mphukira zomwe sizinakhale ndi nthawi yokwanira kukula, kutsitsa kumatsogolera ku nthawi yakukula ngakhale kufalikira.

Wokomedwa amakana, kutalika, owuma zimayambira akuluakulu kapena mphukira zowonongeka ndi matenda ndi tizirombo. Mphukira zosiyanasiyana kwambiri zimadulidwa mu kasupe nthawi yotsitsimutsa, ndipo matendawa amadwala.

Tumiza

Transplant ndiyofunikira njira yofunikira kwa katsitsumzukwa. Zomera zochepa, mbewu zochepa zomwe zimasinthidwa pachaka mu Marichi-Epulo.

Mukamagula chomera chachikulu, chimasinthidwa, ndikusintha dothi ku mphika watsopano wokhala ndi dothi labwino.

M'tsogolomu, zomwe zimapangitsa zimapangidwa nthawi zitatu, pamene mizu dongosolo idzadzaza.

Kuti muchepetse:

1. Nthaka yokonzedwa ndi yokonzedwa ikugona mumphika wabwino;
2. Duwa limachotsedwa bwino m'pamba lakale, kugwedeza pansi ndi mizu ndikudula pang'ono;
3. Chomera chimayikidwa pamalo atsopano, mizu yoyipa yopunthira;
4. Dziko lapansi ligona pamwamba, kudzaza zinthu zonse, koma osati m'mphepete kwambiri (chitukuko cha mizu chimakweza dothi);
5. Mtengowo umathiriridwa pang'ono;
6. Pakatha sabata, zakudya zoyambirira kapena zovuta kudyetsa mchere.

Mphapo

Mbewu imatha kugawidwa osati ndi mbewu zokha. Gawo lopatsa chidwi kwambiri pa chitsamba panthawi yothina:

1. Kuyambira chomera chochotsedwa padziko lapansi chimagwedeza dziko lapansi;
2. Ciwoni mizu youma, mphukira;
3. Analekanitsa mu magawo angapo, kuthandizidwa ndi zowonjezera kukula (mawonera ailesi amachira, Epin);
4. Zidutswa zikubzala mu miphika imodzi, nthaka imanyowa ndi masabata 3-4 mbande zimayikidwa m'malo amdima, ozizira ndi kutentha kosaposa + 15 ºC.

Njira Yovuta Kwambiri - Shilling:

1. Mukulu mbewu, zobiriwira, zobiriwira zimadulidwa osachepera 15 cm;
2. mizu yodulidwa m'madzi kapena dothi;
3. Kuwonekera kwa mizu, "madzi" mbande zikubzala m'nthaka;
4. Kuphimba kupanga zowonjezera kutentha;
5. Wowonjezera kutentha ndi mpweya wabwino tsiku ndi tsiku;
6. Kuthirira chomera mukamauma dothi pamwamba.

Zodula ndizoyenera kwa nthawi yayitali. Mizu yake imayamba kukula pambuyo pa miyezi 1-1.5.

Tizirombo ndi matenda

Asparagus amalimbana ndi matenda ambiri, koma amachokera ku TSley, zishango, maulendo atatu, mappers. Zizindikiro zoyambirira:

1. Chotsani magawo omwe akhudzidwa ndi mbewu;
2. Sambani maluwa pansi pa bafa yofunda.

Ndi zotupa zazing'ono, chomera chimathandizidwa ndi wowerengeka azitsamba, mwachitsanzo, chiwongola dzanja cha adyo (kunena za adyo yamadzi 3-5 madzi adyo yamadzi mu madzi okwanira 1 litre. Njirayi imachitika katatu patatha tsiku limodzi.

Ngati kugonjetsedwa ndi kolimba, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito (phytodeterm, adrontine, sopo wobiriwira).

Chofunika! Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti katsitsumzuwu umaloledwa mwamwano ndi mankhwala ndipo zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti zichiritse.

Kudzera panthaka yokonzedwa bwino kapena pakakhala paramiagus yolimbana ndi mbewu, katsitsumzukwa imatha kutenga kachilomboka:

• Gray zowola (zochizira zimachepetsa chinyezi cha mpweya ndikuwongolera chomera ndi yankho la burgundy madzimadzi kapena mkuwa chlorine);
• Zowola (chomera chikuwononga).

Mtundu woipa wobzala - zotsatira za chisamaliro chosayenera. Kuyenda kumayambira, chikasu ndi kuyang'ana masamba kumabweranso pazifukwa zingapo:

• Kutentha kwambiri kozungulira;
• mpweya wouma;
• kuthirira kwambiri;
• Kupeza pansi pa kuwala kwa dzuwa;
• Kuperewera.

Potere, kutentha, chinyezi, kuthirira, kudyetsa kumatha.

Kachisi wa njanji m'nyumba mwake amapezeka kwa aliyense. Zoyeserera zina sizikufunika, koma chaka chonse zimakondweretsa eni ake chotseguka ndikuyeretsa mpweya.