Mbiri ya aluso imadziwa zitsanzo zambiri pamene chilengedwe chikakhala chotchuka kwambiri kuposa mbuye wake. Ziribe kanthu kuti nzodabwitsa bwanji, koma ndizomwe zimagwira ntchito kuti msungwana wodziwika bwino ", wopangidwa ndi Dutch, Jan Vermeer.
Za omwe chithunzichi chidalembedwa kwa lero, mpaka lero, malingaliro akuluakulu a mgwirizano wokongola, mikangano imakhazikika nthawi zonse, malingaliro atsopano amafotokozedwa. Mwinanso, mwa kutchuka ndi kuchuluka kwa malingaliro osiyanasiyana, otchuka okha otchuka "a Monta Lisa" Fa Vinci angafanani ndi chithunzichi. Tiyeni tiwone - Ndi ndani, "mtsikana wokhala ndi ngale" yomwe ikudziwika ndi mbiri yakale ya mbambande iyi.
Mbiri Yopanga "atsikana okhala ndi ngale yotumikira"
Wojambula Wachi Dutch Vermeer, yemwe adapanga zakatswiri waluso, zomwe sizimapumabe kwa otsutsa, sizingachitike chifukwa cha kulemba pazolengedwa zake. Chizindikiro cha chaka cha kumaliza chikusowa komanso msungwana wokhala ndi ngale yomwe akutumikira ". Olemba mbiri yakale amafotokoza za pafupifupi, ndikuwona kuti ma canvas adapangidwa mu 1663-1667.
Rirdmeer nayenso anali mbuye wodziwika bwino wamitundu komanso kuwonetsera ena. Kalanga ine, nthawi zina, pamene ankakhala ndikugwira ntchito, anthu amakonda malo, chifukwa chake ngongolezo sizinayesedwe.
Ichi chinali chifukwa chake chidziwitso chokhudza wojambula pawokha. Komanso, m'masiku athu, si aliyense amene akumva dzina la ojambula, "Komabe," mtsikana wokhala ndi ngale yomwe akutumikira "amadziwika ndi ambiri.
Chithunzichi chakhala chimodzi mwazinthu zitatu zomwe zidasungidwa ndi Jan Vermeer ndipo, mosakaikira, amakhala pakati pantchito yake. Pomwe kulemba tsambalo kunali kotchuka ndi chithunzi chachilendo. Chopanda malire chinali choti chikhalepo mu malingaliro a munthu, nkhope yake kapena mfundo zina, chithunzicho.
Mu "mtsikana wokhala ndi ngale yomwe ikutumikira" pali zinthu zonsezi. Vermear adakwanitsa kupanga mawonekedwe achilendo a chithunzithunzi mwatsatanetsatane, pomwe akusunga mogwirizana. Tangoyang'anani pa zowala, nkhope ya msungwana wowoneka ikuwoneka ngati wamoyo!
Izi zimatsindika moyenereratu zotayirira zomwe, ngakhale kuti chinsalucho chimawoneka molimba mtima. Zikuwoneka kuti msungwana adatembenuka kwakanthawi kokha kwakanthawi kuti atiyang'ane, pambuyo pake zimatembenukanso.
Zojambula zachilendo
Ndili ndi chidaliro, mafunso ambiri ambiri omwe amaganiza za Vermer amachititsa mutu wachilendo. Zikuwoneka ngati chifukwa chadzidzidzi mtsikana waku Europe akudzikongoletsa ndi nduwira. Komabe, utuwe unali wotchuka kwambiri panthawiyo.
Kugonjetsedwa kopambana kwa Sultan Suleman kunabwera kumayiko a Europe ku Turkey Zovala za ku Turkey mu zovala. Uwo ndi buluku "atsikana okhala ndi ngale yomwe ikugwira ntchito" imasiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu yotsika mtengo.
Tsatanetsatane ndi serge yokha. Malinga ndi akatswiri, mwachilengedwe, ngale za mawonekedwe ndi kukula sizimachitika, ndizokongoletsa zofanananso ndizojambula zingapo za mbuye. Zidzatuluka Bwanji: Vermeri adapanga ndi Sergeuzhku ndi Curban? Yankho la funsoli lero silingathe.
Kodi ndani - "mtsikana wokhala ndi ngale"?
Komabe, chidwi chachikulu cha chithunzicho ndi umunthu wa amene akuwonetsedwa pazithunzi. Ofufuzawo akuwonetsa malingaliro ambiri omwe amachokera pazomwe adatsala kuti apulumuka za moyo wa ojambula.
Makina odziwika kwambiri ndi mtundu womwe chithunzicho chikuonekera ndi mwana wamkazi wa utoto, Maria. Koma pofika nthawi yolemba chithunzichi, mtsikanayo anali ndi zaka 12 zokha, zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi zaka za ngwazi za chinsalu. Zachidziwikire, zitha kuganiziridwa kuti wojambulayo ndipo apa anawonetsa nthano chabe, ndikuwonjezera ana aakazi kwa zaka zopitilira zisanu, koma sizikuwoneka zomveka.
Lingaliro lachiwiri lotchuka linali lingaliro lomwe lili pachithunzipa - mkazi wake, Carita kuphika. Palibe chinsinsi kuti wobvutani adagwira ntchito ndi iye ngati simulator, koma pali zaka zosagwirizana pano. Pazochitika za "mtsikana wokhala ndi ngale yomwe akutumikira", Catasina sanalinso mwana, chifukwa chake sakanakhoza kukhala prototype wa chithunzi chomwe chimachitika.
Pali mtundu womwe "mtsikana wokhala ndi ngale yomwe akutumikirapo" akhoza kukhala mbuye wa ambuye, koma anthu a m'masiku am' atswiri anali ndi banja la wakhama komanso mkazi wokhulupirika. Izi zikusonyezanso lingaliro lokayikira.
Posachedwa, magawidwe adalandira mtundu wa wantchito-siment. Chojambula ichi chinafotokozedwa mu Tracy Corcy Cheveré "mtsikana wokhala ndi ngale ya sergeka". Malinga ndi bukuli, kanemayo adazijambula za moyo wa ojambula ndi chilengedwe chake, koma osayiwala kuti chiwembucho chimangotanthauzira kwa zaka za XVII.
Malo a antchito nthawi imeneyo anali olamulidwa mosamalitsa. M'banja lalikulu la Vermeer (ndipo anali ndi ana 15), sizokayikitsa kuti mtsikana wosavuta akhoza kukhala pafupi ndi mwini nyumbayo, kotero kuti adaganiza zolembera chithunzi chake.
Monga mbambande iliyonse yomwe yalandila ivomereze (ngakhale itamwalira (pambuyo pa kufa kwa wolemba), mabodza ambiri ndi kusiyanasiyana ali ndi mabodza ambiri ndi kusiyanasiyana. Mu 1937, chithunzi chinawonekeranso, chofanana kwambiri ndi chilengedwe chachikulu cha Vermer. Malinga ndi ofufuza, kumayambiriro kwa zaka zana zapitazi, zabodza izi zidapangidwa ndi Copy Tea Vanvarden.
"Mtsikana wokhala ndi ngale yomwe akutumikira" ndiye chithunzi chodziwika bwino cha Jan Vermeer, chomwe chinapeza kuzindikira osati pakati pa olemba mbiri yakale komanso otsutsa, koma ngakhale pachikhalidwe chachikulu. Chithunzi cha mtsikana amene anatembenukira kwa wowonera sasiya kudabwa. Mwina sichoncho kudikirira nthawi yayitali kuti wina wa makolo am'manja azitha kukonza zinsinsi zambiri za chilengedwe.