Zokonda mu dziko la Ottoman: Pakati pa dziko ndi nkhondo

Adnrran, yemwe sanagonjetse boma limodzi, anali munthu wanzeru komanso wa pragcatic, "kupanga njinga zagonjetsedwa, kapena kugawanitsa ndi kugonjetsa ndi kugonjetsa". Analembanso chiwembu chomwecho mu Ottoman Sultanate atamwalira Sultan Bayazid I kundende.

Anagawa zakale pachigawo, ndipo anasankha mwana wamwamuna woyamba kubadwa wa Bayazisi yemwe ndimatsogolera, ngakhale kuti malo ena, akangopereka kwa ana ena aamuna, ndipo wina adamponya. Popeza atayika zidani zobisika pakati pa mikatayi yolandidwa ku China, koma panjira idafa pa zaka 69. The Ottoman Sultanate idalowa mu nkhondo yapachiweniweni, chipwirikiti ndi zaka zapakati pa 11.

Ulemelero umatembenuza mutu wake, mphamvu ya mtima imakhetsa ...

Moyo wa ana a Bayazid adadutsa pansi pa zokongola zake ndipo bwalo labwino kwambiri linali kumira pachabe. Abambo adagonjetsa anthu ndi mayiko, adagwira ntchito zambiri. Sizodabwitsa kuti ana a Wolamulira athandiza kupeza malo a abambo awo, makamaka m'zochitika kale kale la mpando wachifumu wachikulu, mosasamala kanthu, ukulu wakubadwa.

Polimbana ndi bwalo landale, posachedwa lomwe lidzalowa m'bwalo lankhondo lomwe lidzatulutsidwa ndi amuna anayi a "mphezi": Yeleman Chelaby, a Musamaby ndi ofupika. Padzakhala mphamvu ndi moyo wa akalonga ku Konu, pali china chopikisana.

Ndikufuna kudziwa kuti "Clalebi" si mutu osati dzina, koma dzina la "digiri ya sayansi", i. Tinkanyamula choyambirirachi chinawaphunzitsa diploma, atamaliza maphunziro okwanira ku Madrasa. Chifukwa chake, zilembo zambiri zabwino za m'mbiri ya Ottoman ili ndi prefix iyi mu dzina, lomwe silitanthauza zokambirana pampando wolamulira.

Paolo Venese "Sultan Bayazid I"

Bonasi Fate - Kattin Bear

Atagonjetsa Ottomans ku Ankara, Medirlan sanaone kuti ndi ofunikira kukhazikitsa mapangano aliwonse omwe agonjetsedwa. Atumiza mphatso mwana wamwamuna woyamba wa Bayazid, - suleiman. Pamodzi ndi mphatso, padzakhala Buften, yomwe, molingana ndi mwambo wa nthawi, Kum'mawa, wolamulira amapereka womutsika wake, monga chizindikiritso cha chisomo Chake ndikuwononga.

Suleman adadzifunsa, pa dzanja limodzi zaka zana odziyimira pawokha . Suleiman, mosiyana ndi abambo ake, anali dipapoti lina, m'malo mongomanga nkhondo, monga momwe zimawonekera kuchokera ku zotsatira za ulamuliro wake, ndipo apita ku mwambowu.

Suleiman ilumbira kuti ndi zikopa zotsala zomwe zinapulumuka nkhondo ya Janachara ndi bwaloli. Zikhala mu rushelia komanso chitetezo cha katundu wake chidzasankha kusinthira kusintha kwa zosintha ndi zovomerezeka. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse, osabadwa mu nthawi yanu, zikutanthauza kutaya chilichonse. Zaka mazana ambiri sanalandire yankho lalamulo pankhaniyi.

Moyo unapangidwa pa mfundo za Abduet kuchokera ku "Dzuwa loyera la chipululu", "" bambo anga anati: "Ndinkakonda kuti Mulungu anandipatsa anthu osauka ndipo ndikufuna kuthyolako kokongola kwa kavalo. " Ndinkadikirira nthawi yayitali, ndipo kenako Mulungu anati: "Khala pa kavalo ndipo ndimachitenga, ngati muli olimba mtima ndi olimba."

Suleiman Chelby

Posakhalitsa Suleiman adzaonetsetsa kuti mphamvuyo sikokwanira ngati mphatso, muyenera kuyisunga ndi mphamvu ya zida, koma mpaka Iye amatulutsa Chizindikiro cha Vassal. Tumizani Byzantium Bulgaria, Greece ya Minal Greece, madera a m'mphepete mwa silivari ku Virna. Kuwongolera kwa Bosphorous ndi Dardanelly kudzapitanso ku Byzantium ndipo obtleman obvet athe kudutsa ndi chilolezo chake.

Atsogoleri awo akuphedwawa adzakhala mchimwene wake, mwana wa Bayicazid Kasym ndi mwana wawo wamkazi, yemwe adzapita ku Konstantinople ndipo adzagwidwa m'bwalo la Emperor wa Byzantine. Komanso, angapo omwe akugwirizana adzapangidwa ndi msika wa Venice ndi Genoa.

Pobwerera, Byzantium amazindikira Sureyman Sultan ndi mutu wa dziko la Ottoman. Zachidziwikire, idzateteza malire aku North

Kumenyedwa nkhondo

Addrlan anali wosasangalatsa anali kubwezeretsa mwamtheradi mphamvu yamphamvu yolimba kwambiri, ndipo anaika "zopunthwitsa" kuti akhale opanga mpando wamtsogolo. Zoyenda zake zinali zopendekeka mosavuta, kupereka chisamaliro chokondweretsa ana a Bayazid, ngakhale kuti sanapezekemerine m'maiko amenewa.

Popanda kupatsa abale mwayi wogwirizanitsa zoyesayesa zawo. Pozindikira kuti wolamulira wa Sureleman yemwe anali ku Rumelia, ndipo amapereka ndalama za Burya, ndipo Bayazid atamwalira, Musa, ndikumupatsa gulu lankhondo la abambo ake. Kuopa Yesa Yesa, kumachoka mu mzindawo.

Manda, omwe kale anali kunkhondo ya Ankara, manejala wa m'chigawocho ndi pakatikati ku Amasa, amasankha ndi gawo loyenera la asitikali kuti abwerere kukarana la Kara Flelha. Mkazi, m'modzi yekhayo wa ana amuna anayi a Bayazid, sanapereke lumbiro la otambalala. Usiku, adzamenya nkhondo ku Aasisia, adzapha Kara ylepha ndikudzilengeza kuti ndi Sultan. Ndi imfa ya adscer mu Sultanate, nkhondo yolimba yamphamvu idzathera.

M'bale pa m'bale - mtengo wa olamulira

Atasonkhanitsa mphamvu zazikulu za Isa abwerera kwa iye ku Bursa. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ulendowu ndi gulu la abambo ndi thupi la Atate kuti maliro ku Bursa Soy savomerezedwa ndi anthu ambiri a nthawi imeneyo. Only mu ntchito ya Harry Magulias "kuwola ndi kugwa mu Byzantium kuti Turkey-Osmans" amatchulidwa chochitika, komanso ena m'masiku kufotokoza zinthu zokhudzana Tamerlane okha.

Komabe, mabuku ena amamakangana kuti Musa atatengedwa ukapolo ku Ankara adasamutsidwira ku Sublelane pa Bungwe ya Yakubu ya Hermu Hermiano, popempha. Mu ntchito ya B. P. Kinross "maluwa ndi kuwola kwa ufumu wa Ottoman", yeniyeni, chowonadi cha umunthu wa Musa amakafunsidwa, omwe adawapha omwe ali ku ukapolo.

Paolo Verolaa "Musa Chelaby"

Chilichonse chomwe chinali, koma kumenyedwa chidzapita kunkhondo pa Isuli ndi Okole, tengani Bursa. Pambuyo pake, ku Union ndi Mooy, monga mtsogoleri wake adzayamba nkhondoyo ndi suleiman. Poyamba, suleiman idzatha kutenga zonse ziwiri ndi Ankara. Koma wandiza m'nyanja yakuda yankhondo pansi pa utsogoleri wa Musa kupita ku European gawo la setanate. Suleiman ikakamizidwa kubwerera ku Rumelia.

Zigonjetso za Musa akhala wofunika, Suleiman ilandiridwa ndikuphedwa. Musa Mudzifotokozere yekha kwa sultan ndi Lord wa Ottoman Seltanate, yolanda gawo la ku Europe. Pambuyo pake, adzatenga Konstantinopol muzinga.

A Emperor wa Byzantium Manuel II adzapempha thandizo kuchokera kwa ine, adzampatsa zombo zake ndi gulu lankhondo lomwe limayamba nkhondo ndi assa. Kukangana kungapitirize kuchita zinthu mosiyanasiyana kuyambira 1411 mpaka 1413. Pomaliza, mu 1413, mwa 1413, mothandizidwa ndi Serban Stefare Lazarevich (tsopano Samomov, Bulgaria) adzaphwanya asitikali a Musa.

Musa iyemwini, ngakhale atavulala, koma pambuyo pake adzagwidwa. Mu mphaka, Sultan Anandi, amene analimbana ndi mphamvu za abale ake, mafuko ndi omvera ku Mpandowachifumu, adzabwezeretsedwanso.

Paolo Verrisse "Sultan Anandipatsa"

Mapeto

Powonjezera kulemba za mphamvu za mphamvu kwa iwo omwe akufuna kwa iye, musakhudze zolinga ndi zochita za Ottomans, omwe ayesa kubwezeretsa zomwe zanenedwapo pamtengo uliwonse.

Amazizwa malo a mayiko a ku Europe ya Ottoman Sultanate. Pomwe Bayliki Malaya Asia adakumbukira ufulu wodziyimira pawokha, Balkan ndi Byzanssia ndi Byzantia akuyesera kuthandizira mphamvu ya Ottoman Sultoman, kuti athandizenso pa moyo wawo.

Zosagwirizana kwambiri osati kuganiza kwambiri kwa olamulira a mayiko amenewa kungayambitse kuti dziko la Ottoman kwa zaka zambiri zidzatha zaka zambiri zidzayamwa mayiko awa ndi anthu.

Mabuku ndi Magwero:

1. Harry Piudias "akuchepa ndipo kugwa kwa Byzantium kutsogolo kwa Turks-Osman"
2. Caroline Finkel "Loto Osman: Mbiri ya Ufumu wa Ottoman 1300-1923"
3. Dimit Capris "Ana a Bayazid: Ntchito yomanga ufumuwo ndi kuwonetsa mu Nkhondo Yachiweniweni Yotoman 1402-13"
4. B. P. Kinross "maluwa ndi kuwola kwa ufumu wa Ottoman"
5. Yu. A. Lotrosyan "ETOSYOME LAMULO. Mphamvu ndi Imfa "