Indoshi ikuyimira anthu achikwangwani a Caucasus, omwe kale akhala akupanga miyambo yazaka zambiri. Kwa zaka zambiri, indushi imagwirizana ndi mfundo zapadera, zomwe zimabweretsa miyoyo yawo ndi chikhalidwe chawo. M'midzi yao ndi lero pali malamulo adziko lonse lapansi, ulamuliro wokwanira wa akulu, mwaulemu molemekeza kwambiri akulu.
Lero kuli anthu pafupifupi 700,000 padziko lapansi, nadzipangira mtundu uwu. Ambiri a iwo amakhala mdziko lakale la mbiriyakale, ku Tuushetia, dera lomwe, komwe ungathe kuwona miyambo yam'mimba ndi moyo, osasintha m'zaka mazana angapo zapitazo. Kodi akuwononga chiyani? Kodi chimawasiyanitsa chiyani pakati pa mitundu ina ina?
Masamba akale
Dzinalo la anthuwa lidapezeka kuchokera ku dzina la mudzi wa Asauust, lomwe m'zaka za zana la XVIII ndi imodzi mwamidzi yayikulu kwambiri m'chigwa cha Tarskaya. Indushly nthawi zambiri amadzitcha kuti havelves.
Malinga ndi olemba mbiri, mayina amenewa amagwirizanitsidwa ndi mawu oti "gala", akuwonetsa nsanja kapena linga. Ichi ndi malongosoledwe omveka bwino, chifukwa m'mbuyomu wakale wa mtundu uliwonse uno ndi nsanja yake, mawonekedwe ndi mkhalidwe womwe munthu angaweruze zinthuzo ndi kupambana kwa banja.
Ingshi ndi amodzi mwa anthu osungirako za North Caucasus. Ambiri aiwo ndi m'masiku athu ano malo omwe anthu ambiri anali ndi makolo awo. Makamaka, ndi Iucethetia ndi gawo la zigawo za North Ossesia.
Atalowa mu ufumu wa ku Russia m'maiko a Intouso, kuchitika kwakukulu kuchitika, ndipo si onse omwe anali abwino. Mbali ya anthu sanafune kupirira mphamvu ya anthu aku Russia, chifukwa cha zomwe adakakamizidwa kusiya dziko lakwawo. Indush ambiri adachotsedwa mu ufumu wa Ottoman, Kazakhstan, Central Asia.
Malinga ndi olemba mbiri Awa ndi mafuko awa omwe amatchedwa "Caucasis" ndi "DzurdukI" m'mabuku, anaika maziko a mitundu ingapo ya anthu aku North Caucasus, kuphatikizapo iTuush.
Wolemba mbiri yakale wakale wachi Greek, zolemba zake zimangotchula za "mabala", zomwe zingakhale mafuko a ino. Wakulemba wakale adawonetsa kuti anthu akumpoto kwa anthu aku North Caucasian akukhomerera umwini wa Amazon.
Okhulupirira a Indush
Zikhulupiriro zoyambirira za Indush zinali zoyimira zachikunja zadziko lapansi zomwe zimadzala ndi mizimu. Pambuyo pake, amishonale achikhristu ndi otsatira a Chisilamu akuwonekera ku Tuusthetia, zomwe zidayamba kufalitsa chipembedzo chawo. Ngakhale kusintha kwa zikhulupiriro zatsopano, ngakhale m'zaka zana zapitazi, panali achikunja ambiri pakati pa indish.
"Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockshaus ndi Efron" akuwonetsa izi:
Indush ndi makamaka muslim, Sunni, koma amapezeka pakati pawo ndi Akhristu, ndi achikunja angwiro. Asilamu afafanizidwe osaposa theka la zaka za zana lomaliza, kalelo lofanana ndi akhristu, zomwe zotsalira za matchalitchi zakale zimawonekera bwino komanso zomwe amapereka chifuniro. Muthane ndi zikondwerero zosiyanasiyana, zomwe ndi zosakaniza za miyambo yachikhristu ndi malingaliro achikunja. "
Maonekedwe a Indush
ITUYISON, monga anthropologists adazindikira, kuyimira mtundu wa makolo awo akunja, ndipo zambiri zasintha kwambiri nthawi. Zinthu zosiyanitsa ndi nthumwi za anthu zimawoneka ngati maso ndi tsitsi, kukula kwakukulu, thupi laling'ono, chibwano.
Kwa zaka zambiri, nangayo ankawonedwa ngati zamkati ndi zabwino za munthu komanso kwa mkazi. Okhala ndi m'mimba kwambiri, omwe amachirikidwira, ankawerengedwa kuti ndi osayenera. Ndiye chifukwa chake anthuwa amaletsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chovomerezeka.
Malo okhala - nsanja
Monga ndazindikira kale, malo okhala mkati mwa indoshi anali ndi mawonekedwe osazoloweretse kwambiri. Linali nsanja ya mwala. Kutalika, malo oterowo amatha kufikira mamiliyoni 10 mpaka 16, ndipo adamangidwa makamaka kumapiri ndi mapiri. Makoma a nsanja anali okongoletsedwa ndi mwala, zokongoletsera zamtundu uliwonse ndi zizindikilo za generic, zotsindika za opanga.
Tikakumana ndi munthu, isa indosh anatenga chidwi ndi nsanja yake, chikhalidwe chake. Nyumbayo ikhoza kukhala ndi zambiri za gulu lake. Zachidziwikire, lero malo awa akuyimirira mwachindunji zipilala zongopeka zokha ndipo sizikukonzekera kukhala ndi moyo.
Zovala za Indosh
Zovala zachikhalidwe za Indush ndi za mtundu wa General Standard. Mu suti pali malaya abwino okhala ndi chipata chachikulu, beshmet, magres. Nyama zachimuna zopangidwa ndi lamba pomwe mwalawo udalumikizidwa. Indish amakhulupirira kuti zinali zosatheka kupeza mkazuwo popanda mphamvu kwambiri. Ndipo kumapereka, ndizosatheka kuyiyika munjira, osagwiritsa ntchito. Ngakhale nthabwala, zinali zosatheka kung'amba munthu ndi chida.
Koma pankhani yovuta kwambiri, mukamavutika, Indushi, amakhulupirira kuti kupweteka kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamwambapa, komwe kunaperekedwa kwa zaka zambiri zaka zambiri maphunziro. Masiku ano, miyambo imeneyi ndi gawo la mbiri ya Indush, ndi zovala zachikhalidwe zitha kuwoneka pa tchuthi chadziko.
Indashi - anthu, kukumbukira nyumba zakale zakale, miyambo yawo yakale ya chikhalidwe. Kwa anthu awa, mbiri sikuti ndi ntchito chabe yolumikizidwa ndi m'mphepete mwao, komanso kudziwa kuti makolo ake aja adutsa. Isshi akukhulupirira kuti ndi sayansi iyi yomwe ingathandize zolakwa zambiri zomwe zavomereza m'mbuyomu, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zawo zachilengedwe ndi nzeru zawo, zomwe zidakhala mibadwo yake yakale idaperekedwa.