Asayansi (Magdalena schindler-nendza, magdalena svandkevich, Lukash Mugdal ndi Vladislav Mogdal) osindikizidwa pa Porti ya MDPI.
"Pali mitundu iwiri ya nkhumba ku Poland - nkhuku, zlotnitskaya zoyera ndi znotnitsky zowoneka bwino. Nyama yomwe idapezeka kuchokera ku nyamayi imadziwika ndi mafuta ochulukirapo a mnofu komanso mtundu womwe mukufuna, kusasinthika komanso kwaukadaulo, zomwe zimapereka mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri kuposa nkhumba.
Ngakhale nkhumba zowona zowona zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwapang'onopang'ono, koma akuyenerabe chisamaliro. Kuyeserera kwathu kunatsimikizira kuti ndibwino kwambiri kunenepa kwambiri pazakudya za nkhumba, ngakhale kuti kulemera kwawo kochulukirapo kunali kofunikira kwambiri poyerekeza ndi nkhumba zambiri zitakhala m'chipindacho.
Kutchuka kwa mtundu uwu kukukula ku Poland, popeza nyamayi imadziwika ndi mafuta ochulukirapo, omwe amatenga gawo la chonyamulira, zomwe zimapanga gawo la chonyamulira ndipo, mosadziwika, zipsinjo. Kuphatikiza apo, makina akukula ndi kudyetsa mwachikhalidwe ndipo kuphatikiza kwa ma acorns kungakhudze nyama yabwino, chakudya chakudya chake ndipo, chifukwa chake, pa kuvomerezedwa ndi ogula.
Ogwiritsa ntchito ena amalingalira mwatsatanetsatane zazomera zochulukirapo za nkhumba ndi zofanana ndi mtundu wazogulitsa, pomwe magulu ochita zinyama amatsutsidwa chifukwa cha mgwirizanowo m'chilengedwe chonse, osakhala chilengedwe.
Ogwiritsa ntchito ogula amakhala ofunitsitsa kulipira ndalama zothandizira nkhumba zam'madzi ndi chitsimikizo chakuti nyama yoyenda ndi nyama yoyenda ndi zopatsa thanzi komanso zopatsa thanzi kuposa zomwe zimapangidwa mwanjira yachilendo.
Izi, mwachidziwikire, amatsegula misika ya niche ku nkhumba yomwe imapangidwa mwachilengedwe.
Mu nkhumba zamagulu, zimatsutsidwa kuti ziwonjezere luso ndi mafuta, popeza cholinga sichinthu cha nyama, koma mtundu ndi kukhwima kwa nyama ndi mafuta. Zina zomwe zimachitika pafupipafupi kunenepa zinthu zikhalidwe ndi zosakaniza zingapo zapansi, mwachitsanzo, chifukwa chophatikizira mu zakudya zamafuta owonda nyengo ndi nyengo (kudyetsa, siwu kutumphuka).
Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino kwambiri zokulidwa m'malo ochulukirapo ndi nkhumba ya Iberia. Amadyetsedwa ndi ma acorns, komanso nyama zomwe ndimapeza bwino chifukwa mumayenda mwaulere.
Mosiyana ndi iwo, nkhumba zowunikira zowunikira sizingatheke kuti ziziyenda mwaulere ndipo musadye ma acorns.
"Tinaganiza zowonjezera ma acorns mu chakudya cha nkhumba zam'madzi zam'madzi. Nzika za Poland, nyama zamtambo ndi thundu thundu wa thundu ndi chidole, zomwe zimabzala m'nkhalango ndi mapaki ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zachilengedwe. M'malo opopera, mitengo ya zipatso ndi chipatso chilichonse pazaka 5-8. Chilungamo chimacha mu Seputembala - Okutobala, zikagwera.
Acorn ndi chakudya chamafuta olemera mafuta ndi chakudya chochepa, koma limakhala ndi mapuloteni ochepa, ndipo amino acid mbiri imawonetsa kuti Lysine ndiye wonenepa kwambiri acid.
Zomwe zili m'matumbo mu thundu la oak thuak zimatha kufikira 7%, koma kuchuluka kwawo kwakukulu kumapezeka mu chipolopolo - 42.2 g / kg yazinthu zowuma. Ma tayini ali ndi luso la antioxidant, komabe, kumangiriza mapuloteni kumachepetsa kuthekera kwawo.
Onse opangira ma tocopherol ndi ma phenolic courts amawonetsa mphamvu yayikulu yogwira ntchito ndi zochitika zokhudzana ndi zovomerezeka zaulere zomwe zingatheke kukhala ndi thanzi laumunthu, makamaka zomwe zimathandizira pakutha kwa kayendedwe ka anthu.
Kuphatikiza apo, acorns amapanga ndende kwambiri ya mafuta a asidi, makamaka oleic ndi linoleic acids. Zomwe zili ndi mafuta a acorns zimakhudza mtundu wa nyama ndi nyama zochokera ku nkhumba, zomwe zimadyetsedwa motere pa gawo lomaliza la kunenepa.
Pomaliza, kafukufuku amadziwika komwe kumawonetsedwa kuti acorns, omwe amakhazikika pa gawo lomaliza la kunenepa, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa m'mimba komanso, motero, kuchepetsa kufunika kwa nkhumba.
Phunziroli lidapezekapo ndi 13 kudyetsa nkhumba za znothodsky shopanthwe pa minda iwiri m'mafamu osiyanasiyana. Nyama zonse zimachokera ku mafamu ophatikizidwa mu pulogalamu yosungira ndalama zamtunduwu.
Pamagulu oyamba a nyama, nyamazo zidasiyidwa kwa miyezi 9 yolimba (gulu lowongolera), osalowa mumsewu, mpaka unyinji wa thupi ndi 100 kg. Nyama zidadyetsedwa ndi masamba a malonda ndi zakudya zokhala ndi zakudya, zopangidwa kuti zikwaniritse zofuna za opanga nkhumba (kuyambira 300 kg za thupi) ndikudyetsa nkhumba (kuchokera ku 80 mpaka 100 kg ya thupi). Kukhazikika kwa tirigu, chimanga, sock, keke ya mpenda, anakweza mbewu ya mpendadzuwa, tirigu wowiritsa / mavitamini. Zakudyazo zili ndi 170-162 g / kg ya protein, 13.5-13 ma megasules osungunuka (mJ ine), 1.1-50 g / kg mafuta a mbiti ndi 59% wa carbohydrates (NUF).
Mufamu yachiwiri, nkhumba zisanu ndi ziwiri zidasungidwa pansi paoyenda (gulu lodziwika) ndipo lidakana mpaka miyezi 12. Nyama zimadyetsa chakudya cha makilogalamu 2 patsiku, ndipo anali atatha kudya zakudya zowoneka bwino ngati silo kuchokera ku udzu ndi chimanga chonse, komanso udzu.
Kukhazikika kwa barele (23%), tirigu (23%), oats (23%), osakanikirana a chito wakuda, mpiru (21%). Zakudya izi zinali ndi 150 g / kg ya protein, 44 g / makilogalamu a mafuta, 13 mj mj, 51 g / kg ya mbiti ya mbiti ndi 639.8 g / kg. Pamiyezi iwiri yapitayo, kunenepa muzakudya zowonjezera ma acorns (zipatso zonse) mu 5%. Acorns adatengedwa ku OK ya Oak ndi Thanthwe.
Acorns anali ndi zouma 68.50%, 3.62% mapuloteni, 3.45% mafuta, 1.22% phulusa, 1.82% ya fiber ndi 54.99% NUF.
Pazolinga za kafukufukuyu, tinali ndi nkhumba zofananira ndi njira yodyetsera bwino. Mukafika zaka zoikidwa kapena kulemera kwa thupi (kutengera mtundu wa mafuta onenepa), nyama zonse zidasungidwa m'moyo wapadera komanso zomwe adaphunzira.
Malinga ndi zotsatira zake, zidapezeka kuti nyama ya nkhumba pamoto waulere, kudyetsedwa ndi ma acorns ndi ndalama zochepa, amadziwika ndi zonyamula zapamwamba, zomwe zimanyamula ngati fungo la fungo komanso zipwirikiti Zomwe zili ndi mafuta ochulukirapo a acids ndi atherogenicity, thrombogenicity ndi peroxation lipids.
Titha kunena kuti mtundu wa nyama ya nkhumba zakomweko zimatengera momwe zimayang'aniridwira ndi njira zodyetsera. Pomaliza: Zotsatira zoyipa pa nyama ndi zakudya zake, komanso ndizosangalatsa zake, zitha kupezeka mukadyetsa nkhumba ndi zakudya zopanda pake ndikuwonjezera ma acorns. "
(Source: www.mdpi.com).