Ndalama, makamaka pamsika wamasheya, zitha kuwoneka ngati zovuta kwambiri kuzitenga pawokha. M'malo mwake, aliyense angawamvetsetse, muyenera kungoyang'ana mosamala tsatanetsatane.
"Tenga ndikuti" imatiuza kumene kuyamba kuyika ndalama - kuchokera pa cholinga chopanga ndi kusankha kwa zida musanakonze ndi zochita zoyambirira.
1. Ikani cholinga
Ndalama zilizonse ziyenera kukhala ndi cholinga. Popanda icho, chiopsezo chachikulu chosweka ndikuwononga kudzikundikira kwa chinthu choyamba. Nazi zitsanzo za zolinga zomwe zingasankhidwa kuti zisawonongeke mtsogolo:
- Kugula kwakukulu (nyumba, nyumba, galimoto, makina);
- Ntchito yayikulu (kukonza, kusamukira ku mzinda wina kapena dziko);
- Ulendo;
- Maphunziro;
- ndalama zongokhala;
- penshoni.
2. Chotsani ngongole zazikulu
Ngati muli ndi ngongole zokhala ndi maperesenti ochulukirapo kuposa zomwe zingachitike ngati ndalama zomwe zingapezeke. Kupanda kutero, mudzakhalabe mu minus, chifukwa chidwi pa ngongole zimachepetsa ndalama zolipirira ndalama.
3. Phatikizani ndalama zachuma
Kusungitsa ndalama ndi ndalama zokhala ndi zochitika zadzidzidzi ngati kutayika kwa ntchito, mwadzidzidzi kwadzidzidzi, kusokonekera kwa zida zazikulu, etc. Reserve athandizanso mpaka vuto lithe. Mwachitsanzo, musanalandire ntchitoyi ndi malipiro oyamba pamalo atsopano. Zoyenera, ndalama za ndalama ziyenera kukhala zokwanira miyezi 3-6 ya moyo popanda ndalama. Ndalama zogulitsa ndalama zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiopsezo. Pazochitika zadzidzidzi zoyambirira zidzayenera kugulitsa chuma. Chifukwa cha izi, titha kutaya gawo la mtengo wawo, ngati pa nthawi yogulitsa ndalama zopemphedwa kuti tipeze ndalama.
4. Sankhani chida chogulitsa
- Madiponsi. Amawerengedwa kuti ndi ndalama zotetezeka, chifukwa mtengo wa ndalama nthawi zambiri umakhazikika ngakhale mutalandira zipatso za akaunti. Kuteteza kudziunjikira kuchokera kwa izi ndikuwonjezera likulu pang'ono, sungani ndalama zosungika ndi zolipira.
- Katundu. Nthawi zambiri, ogulitsa amagula kuti abwerere kapena kubwereketsa. Choyamba chimakupatsani mwayi kuti mupange phindu kuchokera pakusiyana pakati pa kugula ndikugulitsa, ndipo chachiwiri ndi ndalama zonse. Komabe, iyenera kukhala mukuganizira kuti ndalama zomwe zimagulitsa ndi ndalama zimafunikira nthawi yayikulu ndi likulu la woyamba.
- Katundu wina wakuthupi. Izi zimaphatikizapo magalimoto, zojambulajambula, zosonkhanitsa, miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi zitsulo.
- Katundu. Kugula magawo, mumakhala eni ake kukhala nawo kampani yomwe inawatulutsa. Magawo amatha kukula kapena kugwa pamtengo, kenako zotsatira za ndalamazo zikhale kusiyana pakati pa kugula ndi kugulitsa mtengo. Kuphatikiza apo, kampaniyo imatha kugawana nawo gawo la phindu la phindu kwa ogawana nawo.
- Zomangira. Kugula chomangira, mumapereka udindo wokumana ndi pepala lofunika. Amatha kukhala makampani achinsinsi, zigawo kapena boma. Mtengo wamsika wogwirira ntchito chimodzimodzi monga masheya, kotero wogulitsa akhoza kupeza pa kusiyana pakati pa kugula ndi kugulitsa mtengo. Kuphatikiza apo, wobweretsa mnzake amalipira chiwongola dzanja chomwe chimafotokozedwa mu chiyembekezo cha chitetezo. Nthawi zambiri kawiri pachaka.
- Ndalama. Izi ndi mabungwe apadera omwe amasonkhanitsa zinsinsi zopangidwa ndi zotsatirazi: Magawo, zomangira, ndi zina zowirikiza, mumapeza chidutswa cha mbiri yakaleyo pakukula kwake. Ndalama zitha kukuthandizani kuti musonkhanitse chitetezo choyenera polemba polemba aliyense popanda kutsatira zokongoletsera.
Kuti mupeze ndalama zitatu zomaliza zomwe mungafunikire kutsegula akaunti.
5. Onaninso chida chosankhidwa
Chida chilichonse chosungira ndalama zili ndi zoyambira zake. Ayesenso musanayike ndalama. Monga magwero a chidziwitso choyenera:
- Mapulogalamu apadera pa intaneti oyambira;
- Mabuku ndi zolemba (mwachitsanzo, a Benjamini wodziwika bwino wa Benjamini "wovomerezeka");
- Maphunziro a pa intaneti kuchokera ku malo ogulitsa kapena pa intaneti (mwachitsanzo, Edx kapena Oradi);
- podcasts yogulitsa;
- Masamba a mabungwe abunkhulidwe omwe mungatsatire zochitika zaposachedwa padziko lapansi za ndalama.
6. Dziwani zomwe ndalama zimasiyana ndi malingaliro
Kugulitsa ndi chuma kapena zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimapezeka kuti mupeze ndalama zina kapena kuwonjezera mtengo mtsogolo. Kunena za kugula ndalama ndi kugulitsa ntchito. Zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotaya mtengo wonse, koma nthawi yomweyo ndikuyembekezera phindu. Kugulitsa ndalama ndi mawonekedwe:
- Kukonzekera nthawi yayitali;
- mulingo wapakati;
- Zisankho zochokera pa zolipira ndi zizindikiro zandalama.
Mitunduyi imasiyanitsidwa:
- kanthawi kochepa pakati pakugula ndikugulitsa katundu;
- kuchuluka kwangozi;
- Zothetsera Zogwirizana ndi Ukadaulo (mwachitsanzo, tchati cha mtengo wa magawo), psychology ya msika ndi malingaliro amunthu payekha.
Malingaliro amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kutaya ndalama, motero ayenera kusamala osati kusokonezedwa ndi ndalama.
7. Pangani mapulani ndikuyamba kugulitsa
- Dziwani bajeti. Ganizirani momwe mungagawire ndalama. Ichi chitha kukhala chopereka cha nthawi imodzi (mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufuna kuyika ndalama zomwe mungasungire) kapena pamwezi. Potsirizira pake, tikulimbikitsidwa kugawa zogulitsa mpaka 20% ya zomwe zimapeza mwezi. Ngati zikuwoneka kuti zikuwoneka bwino kwambiri, ingochepetsa kuchuluka kwa momwe mungathere masiku ano, ndipo patapita nthawi, onjezerani kuchuluka.
- Ikani tsiku lomaliza. Kudziwa nthawi yomwe mumakhazikitsa ndalama. Zimatengera cholinga chanu. Ena ndi apamwamba (mwachitsanzo, nyumba ndi penshoni), ena ndi ofupikitsa (kuyenda ndi kukonza).
- Kuchuluka kwa kutenga nawo mbali pazogulitsa. Ganizirani momwe kutenga nawo mbali mumalolera kujambula mbiri yanu. Otsatsa ndalama amagawidwa kuti azigwira ntchito (iwo okha amatola zida, kutsatira mphamvu za mtengo wake ndikungolipira ndalama, komwe portfoliatio amasonkhana kale).
- Chiwopsezo. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ndalama zilizonse ndizopangira zoopsa. Chifukwa chake, ikani ndalamazo zokhazo zomwe simudzafuna m'miyezi ingapo. Fotokozaninso chojambula chamtundu wa mbiri yomwe muli okonzeka kuvomereza, ndipo sichoncho. Kutengera kuchuluka kwa chiopsezo, sankhani zida zambiri zanyumba ya portfolio (zosunga, zolumikizana) kapena, m'malo mwake, mwankhanza, zankhanza (ziwopsezo).