Monga gawo la zakudya zambiri, mutha kuzindikira za mafuta. Gawoli limachotsedwa zipatso za mafuta a kanjedza (Elaeis Guineenis), yomwe imamera ku Africa, Latin America ndi Asia Minda. Ku Russia, mafuta a kanjere adawonekera mu 1960s ndipo kuyambira nthawi yomweyo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafuta mkaka, komanso popanga zinthu zophika mkate. Ndi gawo limodzi la ma biofuels ndipo ndi gawo limodzi la shampoos ndi zodzoladzola. Mwambiri, mafuta a kanjewa ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pazinthu zambiri ndipo mutha kunena zinthu zosangalatsa za izi. Monga gawo la nkhaniyi, ndikupempha kuti ndidziwe kuti anthu akuganiza zothamangitsa mafuta kuchokera mu zipatso za mafuta ndi momwe zimapangidwira masiku ano. Inde, n'chidziwikire, timaphunzira za mapindu ndi kuwonongeka kwa mafuta a kanjedza, chifukwa funso ili limakondwera ndi anthu ambiri.
Mbiri ya Mafuta a Palm
Kutchulidwa koyambirira kwa masiku a kanjedza am'mbuyomu ku XV zaka za XV - zolembedwa zidapangidwa ndi apaulendo a Chipwitikizi omwe adayendera West Africa. Ndi malo omwe ali ndi mitengo ya kanjedza ya kanjedza, yomwe nzika zakomweko zimasiyira mafuta a kanjedza ndi njira zachikhalidwe. Zotsatira zake zimadyedwa mu mawonekedwe osaphika, monga chofunikira kwambiri pa mbale. Zaka masauzande zapitazo, mafuta a kanjedza adayamba kupatsidwa ku Egypt, ndipo mu 1870 zidafika ku Malaysia. Mu 1960s, zikomo kwa othandizira ochokera ku Indonesia, mafuta adawonekera ku Russia. Mitengo ya kanjedza ya mafuta imakondedwa ndi aliyense, chifukwa ndiwabwino kwambiri ndikupereka kukolola kwakukulu, komwe mungapeze mafuta abwino kwambiri masamba.
Kusasitsa kwa mafuta
Mitundu yonse yamitengo yamafuta yamafuta imapezeka ku Africa, Latin America ndi Asia. Mitengo itafika kukhwima pazaka zitatu ndikupereka zipatso kwa zaka 35. Kuti mbewu za mbewu zipse mwachangu, zimawabzala mu malo obiriwira - zimakupatsani mwayi wochepetsa nthawi ya nyongolosiyo mpaka masiku 100. Zithunzi zimatsalira muzotengera pafupifupi miyezi 5 mpaka masamba atawonekera. Pambuyo pake, amasamukira ku nazale, komwe amakhala amakhalabe chaka chonse, asanafike masamba 15. Pambuyo pake, mbande zimabzalidwa poyera.
Mitengo ya kanjedza yamafuta imafunikira kwambiri ku mitengo. Amakonda kutentha ndipo amafuna madzi ambiri, chifukwa nthaka iyenera kuphonya chinyezi bwino. Pa minda nthawi zambiri kumawoneka makoswe omwe amaika mitengo. Kuti muwachotse, gawo likhala lololedwa kadzidzi lomwe limagwira tizilombo ndikuteteza minda. Ubwino wa njirayi yoteteza mitengo ndikuti sizivulaza chilengedwe. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kumatha kumabweretsa mavuto ambiri kuposa kuthetsedwa.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti nkhalango nthawi zambiri zimadulidwa kuti zizimanga minda yamafuta. Ili ndi vuto lalikulu, chifukwa anthu amachotsa nyama zachilengedwe, zomwe zimabweretsa kutha kwawo.
Kupanga Mafuta a Palm
Chifukwa cha zida zamakono, kupanga kwa mafuta a kanjedza kumachitika pafupifupi kokha. Tekinoloji yopanga imatha kugawidwa m'magawo 8:- Kupeza zipatso zatsopano, zomwe mkati mwa maola 24 mutasonkhana zimatumizidwa ku chomera kuti lizikonzanso;
- Sindimatsutsidwa, nthawi yomwe zipatso zimatsukidwa zinyalala ndi tizilombo. Chifukwa chotentheka, nthunzi zokwezeka nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimawonjezera apo, zimathandizira kumasulidwa kwa mafuta kuchokera ku zipatso;
- Nkhungu, pomwe zipatso zakupsa zimagawidwa kuchokera mulu wosonkhanitsidwa;
- Chimbudzi, munthawi yomwe zipatsozo ndi zopangira mafuta. Izi ndizofunikira kotero kuti mafuta amayenda mwachangu komanso osavuta kumasulidwa ku maselo azomera;
- kanikizani momwe zipatsozo zimasandulika kuti zisapanikizika kwambiri ndi mafuta;
- Kutulutsa, komwe mafuta amasakanikirana ndi madzi oyera ndipo amasulidwa ku zosanja za madzi. Pambuyo pake, osakaniza amatumizidwa ku Centrifugal, pomwe madzi amalekanitsidwa ndi mafuta. Zotsatira zake, mafuta a kanjedza amapezeka, omwe amatha kuwerengedwa kale;
- Koma pali gawo loyeretsa, ndiye kuti, kuyeretsa zodetsa zosafunikira. Kwa awiriawiri awa, pambuyo pake mafutawo amagwiritsidwa ntchito, pomwe mafuta amaphatikizidwa ndipo amakonzedwa mokwanira m'matumbo;
- Tizigawo - nthawi zambiri gawo lomaliza la mankhwala a kanjedza. Panthawi imeneyi, mafuta amapeza madzi kapena mawonekedwe olimba.
Monga tikuwonera, kupanga kwa mafuta a kanjere ndi kovuta, koma kokha. Pambuyo pa magawo onsewa, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chakudya. Pa mawonekedwe ake oyera, mafuta a kanjewa ali ndi mtundu wofiira wa lalanje, ndi fungo ndi kukoma kwake ndizofanana ndi chipatso cha kanjedza.
Kuwerenganso: Ndi nyongolotsi ziti zomwe zingadyedwe?
Palm Mafuta
Mafuta a Palm ndi 100% mafuta. Mafuta akuluakulu ndi palmitic, olera, linoiric ndi ma acid. Mu supuni imodzi ya mafuta a kanjedza
- 114 calories;
- 14 magalamu a mafuta;
- 11% ya mavitamini tsiku ndi tsiku E, omwe amafunikira kuteteza maselo, mapuloteni ndi DNA.
Mafuta a kanjedza ambiri amakhala ndi maswiti, zonona, margarine, ma cookie, chakudya chamafuta. Malinga ndi wwf ya 2020, mafuta a kanjewa amagula makampani monga Pepsico, NcDonalds ndi Colgate-Warmate-Warmate-Warmate-Warmate. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi gawo limodzi la zakumwa zopangidwa ndi kaboni, chakudya chofulumira komanso ukhondo. Kutchuka kwakukulu kwa mafuta a kanjedza kumalumikizidwa ndi zotsika mtengo.
Mu kafukufuku wasayansi, asayansi adatha kutsimikizira kuti mafuta a kanjema amatha kubweretsanso kwa thupi la munthu. Zinthu zomwe zili mmenemo zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa thanzi la ubongo. Kamodzi asayansi itasonkhanitsa gulu la anthu 120 ndikuwagawa m'magulu awiri. Phokoso loyamba lomwe linalandira, ndipo lachiwiri ndi zigawo za kanjedza. Pambuyo pake, zidapezeka kuti anthu ochokera ku gulu lachiwiri sanawonekere kuwonongeka kwa ubongo. Kutengera izi, asayansi amaliza kuti mafuta a kanjedza amateteza kukumbukira kukumbukira.
Koma m'zaka zamaphunziro ena, asayansi adazindikira kuti kanjere amawopsa chifukwa cha thupi la munthu. Akazindikira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol, komwe kungayambitse matenda amtima. Makabwino kwambiri ndi mafuta a kanjedza oyamwa, chifukwa ndi chifukwa chamanda mkati mwamitsempha.
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Mwambiri, ngati munganenere, mafuta a kanjedza amakhudzidwa bwino paubongo ndi woipa pamtima. Koma sikofunikira kunena kuti mafuta a kanjewa ndi oyipa. Mukatenthedwa kupitilira madigiri 200, mafuta aliwonse amakhala owopsa. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito chinthu chilichonse, ndikofunikira kuwona muyezo kenako zoyipa zichitike. Pakadali pano, bungwe laumoyo lapadziko lonse lapansi silimanena kuti kanjedza kazinthu zoopsa. Ngakhale zili choncho - akatswiri amati ndiomwe ndimasamba olemera kwambiri a vitamini a .. Izi ziyenera kutchera khutu pazomwe ndidalemba za nkhaniyi.