336 KBPS, Naj npawb 8-600-100 thiab cov kab ua khub. Yuav ua li cas peb tau tsim kho cov neeg pabcuam hauv Is Taws Nem

Anonim
336 KBPS, Naj npawb 8-600-100 thiab cov kab ua khub. Yuav ua li cas peb tau tsim kho cov neeg pabcuam hauv Is Taws Nem 1899_1
336 KBPS, Naj npawb 8-600-100 thiab cov kab ua khub. Yuav ua li cas peb tau tsim kho cov neeg pabcuam hauv Is Taws Nem 1899_2
336 KBPS, Naj npawb 8-600-100 thiab cov kab ua khub. Yuav ua li cas peb tau tsim kho cov neeg pabcuam hauv Is Taws Nem 1899_3
336 KBPS, Naj npawb 8-600-100 thiab cov kab ua khub. Yuav ua li cas peb tau tsim kho cov neeg pabcuam hauv Is Taws Nem 1899_4
336 KBPS, Naj npawb 8-600-100 thiab cov kab ua khub. Yuav ua li cas peb tau tsim kho cov neeg pabcuam hauv Is Taws Nem 1899_5
336 KBPS, Naj npawb 8-600-100 thiab cov kab ua khub. Yuav ua li cas peb tau tsim kho cov neeg pabcuam hauv Is Taws Nem 1899_6
336 KBPS, Naj npawb 8-600-100 thiab cov kab ua khub. Yuav ua li cas peb tau tsim kho cov neeg pabcuam hauv Is Taws Nem 1899_7
336 KBPS, Naj npawb 8-600-100 thiab cov kab ua khub. Yuav ua li cas peb tau tsim kho cov neeg pabcuam hauv Is Taws Nem 1899_8
336 KBPS, Naj npawb 8-600-100 thiab cov kab ua khub. Yuav ua li cas peb tau tsim kho cov neeg pabcuam hauv Is Taws Nem 1899_9
336 KBPS, Naj npawb 8-600-100 thiab cov kab ua khub. Yuav ua li cas peb tau tsim kho cov neeg pabcuam hauv Is Taws Nem 1899_10
336 KBPS, Naj npawb 8-600-100 thiab cov kab ua khub. Yuav ua li cas peb tau tsim kho cov neeg pabcuam hauv Is Taws Nem 1899_11
336 KBPS, Naj npawb 8-600-100 thiab cov kab ua khub. Yuav ua li cas peb tau tsim kho cov neeg pabcuam hauv Is Taws Nem 1899_12

Rub tawm ua si ntawm 100 GB rau ob peb teev, saib zaj mauv vim ntawm cov duab los ntawm cov duab sib txawv, uas yog ib qho nyuaj rau cov sij hawm tam sim no tsis muaj txhua yam Qhov no. Theej, theoretically, qee yam tau, tab sis lawv yuav tau sab laug txawm hnub, thiab lub lim tiam thiab peb lub hlis - yog tias peb coj mus rau hauv tus account tam sim no ntim ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Onliner, nrog Samsung Galaxy S21, tseem kawm zaj dab neeg ntawm Baynet hauv txhua qhov chaw. Nyob rau yav dhau los tshaj tawm, peb tau tham txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm Is Taws Nem hauv Belarus thiab kev tsim cov chaw thawj. Thiab niaj hnub no cia peb nco ntsoov thawj cov chaw muab kev pab, tus lej 8-600 (nws, los ntawm txoj kev, tau ua rau lub xov tooj uas cov neeg siv tau poob hauv Is Taws Nem poob.

Khoos phis tawj raug nqi txog $ 1000 ntawm tus nqi

Txawm hais tias Is Taws Nem hauv Belarus tau tshwm sim thaum pib ntawm lub cuaj caug, tau ntau xyoo nws tseem tau nkag siab hauv qab yuav luag tsis nco qab "NII". Belorus Nikolay nco qab tias nws tus kheej siv internet "hauv kev nkag siab hauv xyoo 1995-1996, txawm hais tias coob leej neeg tseem tsis tau paub txog lub ntiaj teb thoob ntiaj teb. Lo lus nug "Lub tsev nyob hauv internet?" Ceeb rau peb interlocutor: "zam lub txim, tom qab ntawd lub khoos phis tawj tus nqi xaj nyiaj daus las. Kuv tsis nco qab tias nws yog nrog lub rub, tab sis nws nyuaj heev kom tau txais nyiaj li no. Thiab kuv yog ib tug tub ntxhais kawm. Is Taws Nem siv thaum ua haujlwm, thiab, qhov tseeb, nws tsuas yog ntawm cov lej ntawm cov koom haum loj. " Nikolai nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd yog nyob ntawm Academy of Sciences. Tus kab mob pib txuas rau Internet txog lub thib ob ntawm cuaj caum, tab sis ntev ntev nws tseem tshuav tsawg.

Nees nkaum xyoo dhau los, khoos phis tawj zoo li yog li

Thawj cov neeg siv internet hauv Belarus yog cov kws tshaj lij uas xav tau nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv txawv teb chaws rau lawv txoj haujlwm. Nikolay nco qab tias nws tau mus rau hauv Is Taws Nem txhawm rau tshawb cov chaw nyob rau ntawm NSYS tus account, uas tau them los ntawm kuv tus tswv ntiav haujlwm. "

Lub Tsev Hauv Is Taws Nem ces txuas, ib yam nkaus, tab sis ntau so ntawm kev muaj ntawm kev sib txuas lossis nws tus nqi, tab sis nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm lub khoos phis tawm. Hauv lub sijhawm no, lub PC tuaj yeem them taus ob peb, thiab tsuas yog nrog lub xyoo txhiab tshiab, lub computer yuav dhau los ua ib qho khoom ntawm Belarusians ntau dua lossis tsawg dua.

- Hauv kuv lub voj voog ntawm kev sib txuas lus, ntau yam tau siv Is Taws Nem, tab sis lub voj voog no tau koom nrog hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, qee tus neeg ua lag luam pib, "Nikolai rov qab.

Pib cov muab kev pab cuam

Belpak yog suav tias thawj tus neeg Belarusian uas lub xeev cov tub rog pib txhim kho rov qab thaum xyoo 1992 los ntawm lub tshuab hloov hauv Minsk. Tom qab ntawd nws tau siv rau email, thiab xav tau ntau tshaj qhov muab. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv ib xyoos tsib cov nodes tshwm nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawm lub teb chaws. Tsis tas li nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub cuaj ntawm cuaj caum, tus kws kho mob ntiag tug tshwm sim, nws tseem yog nsys lossis "NSC". Nws tus tsim Alexei Kolb nco qab tias lub sijhawm yog "Euphoria los ntawm kev tshaj tawm thiab kev hloov kho." Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, chaw ua haujlwm ntawm Asmeskas kev sib txuas lus ntawm kev sib txuas lus tshwm sim hauv Moscow, uas qhib kev siv Is Taws Nem. Nws tau hu ua lub koom haum "GlasNet", nws pib ua haujlwm ua tus muab kev pab.

- Kuv kawm tiav ntawm lub tsev kawm qib siab xyoo 1993 thiab tab tom nrhiav kuv tus kheej. Rau qee lub sijhawm kuv tau koom nrog hauv kev txhais cov ntawv kos duab hauv autocad, thiab tom qab ntawd tau txais ib qho kev thov mus rau lub taub hau chaw ua haujlwm "GlasNet" hauv Belarus. Lawv muab tshem tawm chav ntawm Lavxias kev hauv tebchaws Kindergarten, kuv tau rub lub khoos phis tawm ntawm lub tsev thiab ua rau tus neeg rau zaub mov los ntawm nws, "Alexey nco qab.

Ib xyoos tom qab, thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 9, 1994, tus neeg ua lag luam npe sau npe network:

- Thawj thawj zaug ua haujlwm dhau los ntawm "GlasNet", tib lub sijhawm thawj cov neeg siv khoom tau tshwm sim. Peb tau muaj ib daim ntawv tso cai tus lej ob, thiab thawj zaug, tej zaum, "Belpaka".

Nyob rau hauv hais txog tib lub xyoo, lwm cov neeg muab kev pab tau pib tshwm sim, thiab muaj ntau ntawm lawv: "Solo", "Qhib kev sib cuag" (ADSL.BY) thiab lwm tus. Tus thawj coj ntawm atlant telekoma (nrhiav tau hauv 2000) oleg gavrilov rov qab tias kev ua lag luam tsis zoo thiab kev sib tw tshwj xeeb ntawm cov muab kev pabcuam.

- Txhawm rau hais tias cov neeg muab kev pab no tau loj, - tej zaum tsis muaj. Txawm hais tias nws nyob ntawm seb yuav ntsuas li cas. Kev sivthreeCom thiab mgts tau sib cais kiag li, thiab siv tsis tau rau lub sijhawm ntawd tsis muaj kev nkag mus rau lub sijhawm (Blyfly Hom tau tshwm sim ntau tom qab). Kev muab kev nkag mus rau hauv Internet cov neeg siv Invest tau koom nrog MGTS: lawv muab cov ntxhiab tsw, tab sis lawv muaj Cosmic, nrog kev them nyiaj ua ntej. Raws li rau tus so ... hu rau tus neeg muab kev pab loj nrog 60 txoj kab kev hu tau thiab 5 txhiab tus neeg yuav khoom siv hloov mus rau Is Taws Nem? Tam sim no txawm nyob hauv lub network hauv zos, ib qho chaw twg yog zaum ntau tus neeg.

Cov naj npawb zoo 8-600-100

Niche yog dawb, thiab cov muab kev pab tsim feem ntau txaus siab. Tus tsim ntawm "Tsev Network" Dmitry Iyiv hais tias kev tsim lub tuam txhab yog, qhov tseeb, kev xav tau yooj yim dua:

- Kev tsim cov neeg muab kev pab cuam los yuam. Peb tsis yog yuav dhau los ua tus muab kev pab, tsuas yog sim ua kom muaj kev nkag mus rau hauv Internet pheej yig dua thiab pheej yig dua rau peb, peb cov neeg nyob ze thiab txhua tus uas txuas nrog peb pab pawg. Maj mam, tus pib xyaum ua haujlwm tau dhau los ua haujlwm, thiab cov neeg sib tw thiab cov qauv xeev tau yuam kom nws kom haum nws.

Thaum tsim cov "tsev network" ntawm kev ua lag luam xws li ntawd, tsis muaj, thiab qhov kev thov kom nkag tau rau hauv Is Taws Nem yog colossal. Kev siv nyiaj tau yog menyuam yaus, cov kev nqis peev tseem ceeb yog qhov ntau ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev paub hauv kev tsim kho network.

Yees duab: Alexey flask Archive

Kev thov tau loj heev, thiab nws tsim nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv:

- Cov tsos ntawm thawj "rov ua dua" tau qhia tias qhov kev pabcuam xav tau, qhov kev thov tau yog loj heev. Cov kev txhawb nqa ib lub caij nyoog, raws li nrog kev nqis peev me me thiab ua rau cov khoom nyiam, thiab tej zaum khwv tau. Peb pib nrog 60 kab ntawm hloov nkag. Tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi ntxiv. Tom qab ntawd 120 kab tshwm, tseem tom qab - 240, "hais tias oleg gavrilov. - Belarus ntawm lub 2000th - EPOCH ntawm lub pob nyem (hu-nce) nkag mus. Nws, hauv txoj ntsiab cai, tau muaj. Twb tau tom qab ua haujlwm ntawm txoj kev ua haujlwm ntawm txoj kev ua haujlwm, muaj tus lej zoo 8-600-100. Txhua tus siv lawv: ob pab pawg Jurlitsa thiab cov kws kho mob.

Tam sim no nws zoo li tsis zoo, tab sis qhov ceev ntawm kev nkag tau feem ntau yog 33.6 Kbps. Nws yog qhov nrawm tshaj plaws muaj rau tus qauv. Ib txhia sim khiav cov channel rau 53 KBPS. Thiab tom qab ntawd, nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm txoj kab, koj txawm tau txais kev nrawm los yog tsis tau txais nws.

Kev sib txuas hauv lub xov tooj tau sib txuas, thiab ntau dua yog li, qee zaum nws yuav tsum qhia ib chav tsev nyob rau hauv ntau cov chav tsev, tab sis koj tuaj yeem siv lub xov tooj tsuas yog nyeg yog spares.

- Thiab kuv tsis yog ib qho, qhov no tsis yog kev zam. Nws hloov tawm thaum koj zaum hauv Is Taws Nem tau ntev thiab cov kab tsis khoom, tus neeg nyob ze tsis tuaj yeem hu nyob txhua qhov chaw. Thiab, nws tau tshwm sim, tuaj, pounded ntawm lub qhov rooj: "Feem ntau, cia kuv hu!" Lom zem, feem ntau. Tom qab ntawd kev vam meej mus rau hauv peb cov npoo: lawv pom txoj kab, uas yog, tam sim no nws twb nyuam qhuav dhau kuv li. Yav dhau los, nws tsis yooj yim sua kom unspoke nws: ib coue tsib rau kaum xyoo, sau cia thiab tos.

Ncuav mog qab zib rau tsib xyoos ntawm NSys. Yees duab: Alexey flask Archive

Muag lub khoos phis tawm kom them nyiaj rau is taws nem

Hauv 2000, Is Taws Nem tau kim, txawm hais tias tsis muaj leej twg nco txog tus nqi - tshwj xeeb yog tias peb tau coj mus rau hauv tus lej nyiaj rau lub ruble, tab sis kuj ob peb txoj kev txwv, thiab tom qab ntawd denomination. Txawm li cas los xij, tag nrho peb cov interlocutors hais tias tus nqi tau zoo nkauj bissing. Thiab tib lub sijhawm nws tsis cheem ib tug neeg. Peb tus nyeem Vladimir nco tau tias muaj ib hnub los them nuj nqis rau tus xov tooj yuav tsum tau muag lub computer qub:

- Nws yog qee qhov npau suav phem: Kuv tus kwv yog li cov hluas, Is Taws Nem yog tej yam tshiab, nthuav, thiab kuv xav siv sijhawm. Peb dai rau hauv cov hmo zais zais hauv kev sib tham.by (muaj cov neeg ua kis las: txog kev ua kis las, nuv ntses, thiab lwm yam sib tham book.ru ". Nws yuav zoo li, tsuas yog sib txuas lus, thiab qhov tseeb nws siv sijhawm. Tam sim no peb yog ib co cov ntaub ntawv hauv Is Taws Nem tab tom nrhiav rau, thiab tom qab ntawd kuv tsuas yog muaj kev lom zem nrog lwm tus. Kuv kawm "solo ntawm cov keyboard" thiab sau hauv kev sib tham sai heev. Muaj ib hnub lawv tau pom tias rau lub xov tooj yuav tsum tau them txog 80 txhiab rubles. Kuv nco qab kuv niam kuv txiv tau tsa tau ntau npaum li cas ntawm 15-20 txhiab rubles, thaum kuv thiab ib tug ntxhais uas muaj xov tooj ntau hauv xov tooj. Thiab ntawm no 80 txhiab! Kuv tau mus rau tom khw hauv Zhdanovichi thiab spare yam muag lub computer qub kom them rov qab cov nuj nqis. Cov niam txiv tsis paub dab tsi tau ntev.

Kev nkag mus tau feem ntau yog them los ntawm lub sijhawm sib txuas, thiab tsis yog los ntawm cov khoom rub tawm. Yog li ntawd, qeeb ceev coj mus rau cov nqi ntxiv: nplooj ntawv yog loaded insananely rau lub sijhawm ntev, thiab nyiaj tau nqis peev.

Tab sis, raws li txhua lub sijhawm, ib qho xwm txheej nyiaj txiag zoo tuaj yeem ua rau lub neej thiab ua haujlwm hauv Is Taws Nem Ntau qab ntxiag, hais tias oleg gavrilov (Atlant Telecom):

- Muaj nyiaj - txuas los ntawm kev nkag mus rau Unbelled "Billelloma" lossis mus rau lwm tus kws muab kev pabcuam uas muaj lawv tus kheej cov pas dej modem. Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, muaj txawm tias me ntsis pheej yig dua. Leej twg yog txias, yuav ib qho ISDN kab - nws yog qhov tseem ceeb tib khub cable, tsuas yog thaum ob qho xaus lwm cov khoom siv, tshwj xeeb ISDN cov qauv tau siv. Xws li kev daws teeb meem tau ua rau nws muaj peev xwm muaj qhov nrawm ntawm 64 Kbps, thiab nws yog lub cim digital, thiab tsis yog analog. Ntawd yog, lub teeb liab twb tau txais ruaj khov lawm. Leej twg tau tuaj rau, nws tau mob nkeeg rau hauv Is Taws Nem nkaus xwb. Zoo, nplua nuj sib txuas lus synchronous kev sib txuas lus raws: muaj megabab lossis ob. Txog kev nkag siab: ib qho qauv no cov nqi $ 1,200. Nws tsis muaj rau cov tib neeg, cov chaw raug cai, qhov tseeb, ib yam nkaus. Leej twg txuas nrog? Cov kws khomob thiab tej zaum yuav muaj qee lub txhab nyiaj.

Qee lub sijhawm cov chaw zov me nyuam tsis twv tsis muaj peev xwm them taus, tab sis nyob rau qhov zoo thiab ruaj khov ntawm kev sib txuas - txawm tias ntawm tus nqi siab dua. Txoj kev no xaiv NSYS:

- Peb sim ua kom pom qhov ntsuas tus nqi siab dua li lwm cov neeg muab kev pab, los ntawm 7-12%. Rau cov nyiaj no lawv yuav siab zoo CISCO Routers, Modem U.S. Robotics. Ntawm peb cov neeg muas zaub yuav luag txhua lub tsev txhab nyiaj Belarusian. Muaj tseeb tiag, qee txoj kev cai tawm los, thiab peb coj cov ntu no.

Yees duab: Archive Alexei Flask "kev txhawb nqa ntawm lub xyoo ua ntej 2005 tsis yog"

Nrog kev tawm tsam thawj cov neeg siv, muaj kev xav tau rau lawv cov kev txhawb nqa. Cov kws tshaj lij tshwj xeeb tau muaj ob peb, thiab cov kws kho mob daws cov teeb meem nrog cov thav ntawv sib txawv. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm "tsev network", cov kws tshaj lij tshwj xeeb tau txais los ntawm tib cov kev txhawb nqa, nrog rau cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov tuam txhab, hais tias Dmitry Iyiv:

- Cov kws tshaj lij tshwj xeeb tau coj los thiab tsa lawv tus kheej, feem ntau cov neeg ua haujlwm tau los ntawm cov neeg pabcuam hauv Network. Thiab lawv to taub txhua yam lawv tus kheej.

Oleg Gavrilov ("Atlant Telecom") hais tias ces cov kws tshaj lij ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev txhawb nqa kev txhawb nqa xws li thiab tsis muaj:

- Tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa kev txhawb nqa rau lub xyoo ua ntej 2005. Thaum lub sijhawm ntawm tus kws kho mob, peb tsuas yog rau tus neeg, ntawm peb lub Techniesies yog ob tus thawj coj thiab ib tus kab ke. Ntawm no lawv tau koom rau txhua qhov: thiab network engineering, thiab system tswj hwm, thiab txhawb nqa, thiab kev tso nyiaj.

Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm tus muab kev pab, lub xeev tau tsim los ntawm cov neeg muaj kev kawm txuj ci: Polytech, Radioterech. Kuj tseem qhia cov neeg nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas tsis tau tshwm sim nyob hauv cov tsev kawm qib siab.

Dmitry Iyiv ("Tsev Network"): "Thawj Welding Tshuab ntawm lub network. Siv, yuav hauv Moscow ntawm kev ua lag luam mub "

Cov teeb meem technical ces nthuav ntau heev: cov neeg tsis paub cov yam ntxwv tsis tsuas txuas rau Is Taws Nem, tab sis kuj ua haujlwm ntawm lub computer nws tus kheej. Qee zaum, raws li Alexey kolba (nsys), nws yog ntse:

- Nyuaj cov dab neeg lom zem, thiab ntau ntawm lawv cuam tshuam nrog kev txhawb nqa kev siv. Qee zaum peb tau hloov cov racks nrog cov servers, thiab peb tsis tau ua haujlwm rau ib thiab ib nrab teev hauv internet. Tus neeg siv hu thiab yws: tsis muaj internet. Thiab peb cov kws tshaj lij: lawv hais tias, Tej zaum koj yuav tsum tau defragment lub disk? Cov txheej txheem ntawm defragmentation tsuas yog kav ntev li ib thiab ib nrab teev. Tom qab ntawd tib tus neeg siv hu dua thiab ua tsaug: Ua tsaug, pab. Txij thaum ntawd los, feem ntau, sib tham txog qee cov teeb meem, nug ib leeg, seb daim disk tsis sib haum.

Alexey kolb.

Tsis muaj teeb meem nrog kev nthuav dav ntawm cov neeg sau npe. Txawm hais tias ntawm qhov tsis sib xws: cov neeg lawv tus kheej xa mus rau cov muab kev pabcuam rau kev sib txuas.

- Ib cheeb tsam tau, ib cheeb tsam yog ib tus kws khomob - zoo li tam sim no nrog cable. Thiab koj tsis muaj kev xaiv: tog twg los yog tus muab kev pab, lossis koj tsis muaj internet, "hais tias oleg gavrilov (" atlant telecom ").

Tsuas yog los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 2000s, qhov xwm txheej tau hloov mus rau qhov rov qab: Cov kws kho mob pib tawm tsam rau tus neeg siv khoom.

Kev tshawb nrhiav thaj chaw tsim nyog tau saib zoo li no: qhov zoo tshaj plaws, yuav tsum tsis muaj kev sib tw ntawm thaj av no. Tom qab ntawd qhov chaw raug txiav txim siab nrog cov pejxeem siab tshaj plaws - raws li txoj cai, cov no yog thaj chaw pw nrog cov tsev siab. Thaum kawg, koj yuav tsum nkag siab ntau dua lossis tsawg dua, hauv thaj chaw twg hauv cov neeg muaj nyiaj ntau dua.

Tom qab cov kws zov me nyuam tau ua raws txhua thaj chaw, kev sib tw pib: "Txhua tus neeg zov me nyuam muaj kev xaiv Cov. "

Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev sib tw coj mus rau qhov tseeb uas nyob hauv txhua thaj tsam muaj 3-5 tus muab kev pab cuam

Dmitry Iyiv ("Tsev Network") Rov qab hais tias lub network thaum muaj kev sib txuas lus los ntawm cov khub khub thiab "huab cua" los ntawm lub nthab ntawm cov tsev sib ze. " Tab sis tom qab ob peb xyoos lawv tau pib tsim lub network raws li cov fiber ntau cov kab kev sib txuas lus:

- Siv sijhawm li ntawm kaum xyoo, peb tau dhau txoj kev ntawm kev sib txuas "rau $ 15 rau cov kev sib tw tshiab, nrog ntau cov kev sib tham hauv tsheb thiab kev sib sau ua ke.

Dmitry Iyiv ("Tsev Network"): "2005, thawj sim nrog Fiber Optic hauv lub network. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, los hloov "huab cua", uas tau hlawv thaum hnub nag

Sijhawm rau cov neeg muab kev pab ntau ntawm lawv tus kheej, thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov nroog loj tau ua kom nws tsuas yog xaiv cov se rau lawv tus kheej. Tab sis nws yuav deb ntawm 2000.

Peb nthuav qhia lub galaxy tshiab tshiab s21 ultra. Nws lub koob yees duab yog zaj duab xis Studio hauv koj txhais tes. Nrog nws, koj tuaj yeem tua cov yees duab hauv 8K thiab tig txhua tus ncej hauv cov duab ci ci tsuas yog mus. Thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm Superfast 5-nanometer processor exnor, ib qho khoom siv tau huv thiab roj teeb rau tag nrho cov hnub ua haujlwm kom meej rau cov qauv npe - Ultra.

Npaj nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm Samsung Electronics LLC RUS KOMPANI, UNP 7703608910.

Saib:

Peb cov channel hauv Telegram. Koom nrog tam sim no!

Puas muaj ib yam dab tsi los qhia? Sau ntawv rau peb Telegram-bot. Nws yog tsis qhia npe thiab nrawm

Kev luam tawm cov ntawv thiab cov duab ntawm cov duab uas tsis daws cov neeg kho kom raug txwv. [email protected].

Nyeem ntxiv