Tshooj lus no luam tawm nyob rau hauv cov kws tshawb fawb cov ntawv qhia xov xwm. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov nyiaj pab ntawm Lavxias teb sabvoog foundation (RNF). "Rau peb, cov neeg nyob ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Baikal, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub thiab nkag siab qhov twg thiab dab tsi ntawm cov zej zog uas yuav poob ua ntej nyob rau hauv onsled thoob ntiaj teb kev hloov pauv. Tsawg kawg nkaus, txhawm rau lawv cov haujlwm anthropogenic kom tsis txhob ntxiv dag zog rau cov txheej txheem kev tshawb fawb, tus thawj coj ntawm kev tshawb fawb lub koom haum tshawb fawb ntawm Biology IGU.
Endemics yog hu ua hom tsiaj tshwj xeeb, kev yug menyuam lossis lwm yam tsheb tavxij thiab tsiaj. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm endemics nyob rau hauv ib qho tsawg tsawg tsawg tsawg nyob rau thaj chaw, thiab feem ntau yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshwj xeeb cov tsiaj txhu anciystement. Nyob rau hauv cov cawv hloov pauv thiab cov neeg muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov xwm, cov tsiaj nce siab, feem ntau yog qhov yooj yim. Lawv xav tau kev tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb thiab kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig ib puag ncig los khaws cov biodiversity.
Biologist los ntawm Irkutsk State University ua ke nrog cov npoj yaig ua ke ntawm lub zog ntawm Baikal (metabolism rau ntau xyoo, hom kev kawm amphipoda (Amphipoda).
Amphipodes yog qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau sib txawv ntawm pawg hauv pas dej Baikal (350 hom thiab subspecies), tag nrho cov endemics tag nrho. Nws tau ntev tau siv los ua tus qauv system rau ib puag ncig thiab kev tshawb fawb evolutionary. Hauv kev tshawb fawb no tsis ntev los no, cov kws tshawb fawb piv rau cov coulining baikal pom ntawm Eulimnogammosus thiab cov neeg nyiam saib-Cosmopolitan Gammarus LACTUSTRISE.
"Lub zog metabolism yog qhov txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau cov muaj sia muaj sia. Nws yog nws uas ntau txiav txim siab qhov ntsuas kub rau cov ntshav txias. Feem ntau Baikal niaj hnub Endemics sawv hauv lub pas dej thaum nws tau txias heev. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm nws txoj kev txhim kho, Baikal Envemics tau tsim tshwj xeeb ntawm cellular thiab biochemical kev hloov kho rau cov kub tsawg. Qhov no nqaim tshwj xeeb rau kev cuam tshuam txias ua haujlwm ntawm cov duab ci metabolic: kev siv ntau lub zog ntawm cov rog, carbohydrates; Cov hauj lwm ntawm cov kev tswj hwm enzyme yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev tshaj tawm thiab cov thawj coj German RNF, cov kev sib tw ntawm biological Daria Bedia Bedia Bedia Bedia Bedia Bedia txaj.
Nrog kev nce kub, qhov kub me tau nce ntxiv, raws li tus neeg ua haujlwm txias, nws tau tig mus ua cov haujlwm ntawm cov metabolosus, yog tias cov kev ua si ntawm cov khoom siv metabolosus Daim ntawv foos zoo tom qab 15 degrees Celsius pib nws kev tsim txom. Baikal cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau paub zoo tias thaum lub sij hawm thaum lub sij hawm kub nyob rau hauv baikal nyob rau hauv baikal mus txog 15 degreesively migrating mus rau qhov tob - qhov chaw uas cov quav yog qhov twg. Cellular kev sib cais uas txiav txim siab qhov kev xav tau no tau meej.
"Dab tsi ua rau ib qho no zoo li ib rooj plaub zoo li no rau kev nkag siab ntau daim duab ntau dua ntawm dab tsi tshwm sim ntawm Baikal thiab kev kwv yees rau yav tom ntej? Kev kawm txog Chilute tsos Amphipod yog qhov ntau tshaj plaws hauv thaj tsam ntawm cov dej ntiav thoob plaws hauv lub pas dej - thiab loj thiab biomass. Zoo li Eulimnogammarus verrucosus, qhov yooj yim feem ntawm Invertebrate Baikal Fauna los hais txog qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua tau zoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tseeb uas thaum lub sijhawm hloov huab cua thoob ntiaj teb, qhov ntsuas kub ntawm Baikal dej hloov ntawm cov cua kub. Piv txwv li, cov dej saum npoo ntawm lub pas dej dhau ib nrab dhau ib nrab xyoo dhau los pib ntau dua ib qib. Peb paub los ntawm lwm txoj kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm peb lub koom haum - cov cua ntsawj ntshab kev soj ntsuam ntev ntev ntawm Pelagiel Lake Baikal "," Maxim TimoTej koom nrog.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias cov kev pheej hmoo loj tshaj plaws xa mus rau qhov ntsuas kub ntawm thaj chaw ntug hiav txwv ntiav ntawm pas dej Baikal. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, cov neeg mob ntawm cov dej tseem ceeb tau nce thiab muaj qhov nce hauv nruab nrab qhov kub hauv cov chaw no. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau ntau zaus thiab ntau qhov kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw, uas, muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev txhim kho ib puag ncig ntawm cov ntug hiav txwv Cov zej zog ntawm lub pas dej.
Cov kev pheej hmoo yuav tsum tau tas mus li xyuas thiab txaus tej yam kev ntsuam xyuas - ob leeg rau lub ecosystem thiab nyob rau hauv metabolic theem, txhua pab pawg neeg ntawm endemics. Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm atypical rau cov baiyal ntawm cov tsiaj thiab lawv cov kev faib tawm (uas txhais tau hais tias kev ua aboriginal nyem) yog twb paub lawm. Piv txwv li, limneid lub qwj (Lymnaeidae) twb dhau los ua cov pab pawg uas tsis yog nyob hauv cov dej ntiav, tab sis kuj yog bairy thiab cov baikal raug ". "Yav dhau los, xws li kev qhia ntawm Universal Hom yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua vim muaj kev yoog raws kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm endemics.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws tsuas yog nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias thiab lwm hom qauv rau Baikal hom. Cov zis ntawm Endemic cov txheej txheem ntawm Endabolic ntawm Endemics, thiab, raws li qhia hauv qhov kev sib tw ntawm cov hom kev sib tw ntawm lawv cov txiaj ntsig zoo, "hais tias lub sijhawm. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau ua hauv cov npoj yaig los ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Ncaws Pob Ua Si ntawm Legen (Leipzig, Lub Tebchaws Ib Lub Tebchaws Max Planck (Leipzig, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees).
Tau qhov twg los: Naked Science