Hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab cov yeeb yaj kiab cov yeeb yaj kiab, nuclear reactors thiab nuclear cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm ci hauv xiav. Piv txwv li, hauv thawj zaj yeeb yaj kiab hais txog tus txiv neej "hlau ntawm Tony Stark ua haujlwm ua los ntawm Robert down reactor uas txau cov ris tsho. Qhov zoo siab, tus yam ntxwv xiav xiav, ua qhov tiag tiag) - ib qho tshwm sim tiag tiag hu ua cov nyhuv ntawm vavilov-cherenkov. Nws yog vim nws tias dej nyob ib puag ncig nuclear reactors tiag tiag ci ci xiav. Thawj thawj zaug, lub ntsej muag pom no tau pom los ntawm tus kws kho mob sergey vavilov thiab nws cov tub ntxhais kawm tiav hauv lub raj mis tau cuam tshuam nrog lub teeb xiav. Xyoo 1958, rau qhov kev tshawb pom no ntawm Chenkov tau txais cov khoom plig Nobel hauv lub cev, faib nws nrog ilya frank thiab Ilor Trank thiab Id tau lees paub tias muaj cov nyhuv ntawm cov nyhuv. Txawm hais tias qhov hluav taws xob ntawm Verenkov tau piav qhia ntxiv tom qab kev tshaj tawm ntawm Albert Einstein tshwj xeeb txoj kev xav tau los ntawm English erudite hebisida xyoo 1888.
Dab tsi yog vavilov-cherenkov hluav taws xob?
Nws yog tsis yooj yim tshaj qhov ceev ntawm lub teeb nyob rau hauv vacuo. Tab sis thaum lub tsev kawm ntawv theem pib yog nyob hauv nruab nrab qhov nruab nrab, nws yuav ntau tshaj qhov txwv no. Yog li, cov particle overclocked nyob rau hauv vaclock tuaj yeem rau hauv cov dej nrawm, piv txwv li, vim yog ib puag ncig, yoov ib qho chaw deb dua li kev txwv tsis pub muaj nyob hauv zos. Thaum lub davhlau, cov nplais qeeb qeeb qeeb poob lub zog uas xav tau mus rau lwm qhov.
Raws li Tass sau hauv ib tsab xov xwm muab nqi zog rau cov nqi zog Nobel xyoo 1958 lub zog yog tshaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv hluav taws xob quanta, uas yog lub teeb. Ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm Cherenkov hluav taws xob yog tias nws yog feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv ib qho kev hloov pauv ultraviolet spectrum, thiab tsis nyob hauv xiav.
Nyeem kuj: Cov kws tshawb fawb tau raws kev nkag siab yog vim li cas ib lub ntiaj teb
Qhov ntxim nyiam, cherenkov hluav taws xob zoo ib yam li cov nyhuv ntawm kev cuam tshuam suab. Piv txwv li, yog tias lub dav hlau txav qeeb dua li qhov ceev ntawm lub suab, ces qhov sib txawv ntawm cov huab cua nyob ib puag ncig ntawm cov dav hlau tshwm sim yooj yim. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qhov ceev ntawm kev txav ntawm qhov nruab nrab ceev ntawm lub suab, tom qab ntawd muaj kev hloov pauv sai thiab poob siab ntawm lub dav hlau nrog lub suab nrawm.
Qhov tseeb tias hluav taws xob tshwm sim, lub verilov, Chernok, Ternok, TernM thiab Frank txheeb xyuas hauv kev nthuav dav. Txij li thaum xyoo 1951, Vavilov tsis tau dhau los, peb lub cev tau txais lub Nobel nqi zog xya xyoo tom qab. Ua tsaug rau lawv cov haujlwm, hnub no koj tuaj yeem saib lub hluav taws xob ntawm Verilov-Cherenkov yuav luag nyob txhua qhov chaw. Ntawm. Cov xwm txheej, tau kawg, qhov koj paub qhov twg saib.
Xav kom khaws cov xwm txheej tshiab ntawm cov xov xwm tshiab ntawm lub ntiaj teb ntawm nrov science thiab muaj technology ntau? Sau npe yuav ua rau peb channel hauv Telegram kom tsis nco dab tsi ntxim nyiam!
Creepy xiav lub teeb
Thaum chenkovo hluav taws xob hla mus ntawm cov dej, cov particts them tau sai dua li lub teeb los ntawm cov nruab nrab no. Yog li, lub teeb uas koj pom muaj cov nthwv dej ntau dua (lossis rooj zaum luv dua) dua li cov nthwv dej ib txwm. Txij li thaum lub teeb nrog lub wavessength luv luv nyob rau Cherenkov hluav taws xob, lub ntsej muag zoo li xiav. Qhov no yog vim hais tias qhov kev ntsuas nrawm nrawm nrawm nrawm, uas nqus lub zog thiab tso tawm hauv daim ntawv ntawm photons ntawm lub teeb, rov qab mus rau equilibrium. Feem ntau qee cov photons neutralize txhua lwm yam (cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam tsis ua kom sib cuam tshuam nrog), yog li ci ntsa iab tsis pom. Tab sis thaum cov particle txav nrawm dua li lub teeb tuaj yeem mus rau hauv dej, yoj poob siab tsim kev cuam tshuam tsim kev cuam tshuam uas peb pom tias yog qhov ci ci.
Nws yog qhov nthuav: Qhov tsawg tshaj plaws hauv lub qab ntuj zoo li?
Zoo hmoo, hluav taws xob ntawm verilov-cherenkov tuaj yeem siv tsis tsuas yog li ntawd cov dej nyob hauv lub chaw sim Nuclear yuav ci ci. Yog li, nyob rau hauv lub reactor ntawm cov phiab hom, tus naj npawb ntawm xiav linescence xiav tuaj yeem siv los ntsuas cov pa roj carbonction. Hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau siv hauv kev sim hauv physics ntawm cov ntsiab lus theem pib - cia siab tias nws yuav pab lawv ua raws li cov khoom hauv kev kawm.
Ntxiv mus, chenkovo hluav taws xob tshwm sim thaum lub cosmic rays thiab kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob gamma, xws li Supernova tseem, Cov cuab yeej siv.
Hais txog dab tsi tau nthuav tawm los ntawm Nobel nqi zog hauv Physics hauv 2020 thiab vim li cas cov kws tshawb fawb paub tias lwm cov thoob plaws tawg, Kuv tau hais hauv tsab xov xwm no.
Qhov nthuav dav, yog tias cov kev cuam tshuam hluav taws xob tau tsoo ntawm tib neeg lub qhov muag, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem pom kev sib tsoo ntawm lub ntsej muag, yog li nws yog qhov zoo dua los ntawm qhov pom pom kev no.