An fi so tumatir da aka fi so a cikin ƙasar - daga Kudancin zuwa Arewa Latitude. Koyaya, a yankuna tare da yanayin sanyi, yana da wuya a sami yawan amfanin gona mai daɗin kayan lambu. A wannan yanayin, zaɓi mafi dacewa shine girma shi a cikin greenhouse. Amma saboda wannan kuna buƙatar sanin wasu abubuwan ban mamaki.
Tumatir a cikin greenhouse. (Hoto da aka yi amfani da shi ta hanyar lasisin daidaitacce © Ogorodnye-shpargalki.ru)
Tumatir ne mai tsananin haske, don haka gadaje za su fi dacewa a gabas zuwa yamma zuwa yamma. Kafin dasa shuki seedlings, shafin saukowa ya kamata a yi a hankali overhaul a hankali overhaul a hankali outivel.Al'adun kayan lambu yana ƙaunar ƙasa mai ɗumi, cike da bitamin da abubuwan da aka gano, da kuma kwance da laima. Don fashe a ciki, peat, sawdust ko yankan bambaro sanya, wanda ya kamata ya zama 20-30% na duka ƙasa. Ana samun kyakkyawan ƙasa a ƙarƙashin tumatir lokacin da aka gauraye a sassa daidai: gumi, peat, Turf, da yashi.
Tumatir Seedlings sune Mafi dacewa wanda yake a cikin gidan kore tare da lamuka na tsaye tare da nisa a cikin 70 cm. A cikin tazara, ramuka na 45-50 cm don iri iri da 30-35 don matsakaita.
Kafin dasa shuki seedlings, dole ne a rushe don rigakafin cututtuka da cututtukan daban-daban. A wannan, 1-1.5 lita na tururura mai ruwan hoda na manganese (a kan guga na ruwa - 1 g na abubuwa) ana zuba cikin kowane rijiyar. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a tantance mafita ta zafi (a cikin kewayon digiri 50-60). Ana shuka 'ya'yan itace tare da roomen roomen kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa mai ƙasa da kuma zubewa zuwa ainihin akwatin. Daga sama yafa masa sako-sako da sako-sako da ƙasa, da dabino suna takaice kuma an daidaita shi da takin bara, sawdust, da ciyawa da ciyawa.
Tumatir. (Hoto da aka yi amfani da shi ta hanyar lasisin daidaitacce © Ogorodnye-shpargalki.ru)
Bayan haka, ana tura hadarurruka tare da layuka na waya da kuma gareshi tare da taimakon igiya, kowace shuka ana gwada shi. A cikin aiwatar girma, da igiya t igiya a hankali tare da kara a kusa da tushe.
Zazzuwar zafin jiki a cikin greenhouse yana haifar da matsaloli daban-daban - daga faɗuwar fure buds zuwa mutuwar tsire-tsire. Musamman masu haɗari masu haɗari suna daskarewa a cikin bazara har ma a farkon bazara, duk da cewa tumatir girma a cikin amintaccen ƙasa.Na farko kwanaki 5-6 na tumatir seedlings mafi kyau ba don tsayawa ba, sannan kuma ya zama dole don karya kasar gona a ƙarƙashin kowane daji don tabbatar da hanyar iska zuwa tushen seedlings. Bayan haka, bayan kwanaki 2-3, ana yin ruwa na farko, mai zuwa - sau ɗaya a cikin kwanaki 5-6, dangane da damuna + 18-26 digiri yayin rana, A dare - +15). Bayan kayi shayar da kasar gona, kasar gona sako-sako, kuma a cikin yanayin zafi a greenhouse shi ne da iska mai iska.
Tumatir basa son girman zafin jiki, don haka ba a shayar da riguna a cikin hanyar da ta saba ba, amma yana da ruwaitar ƙasa tare da kwalabe filastik tare da yanke kaɗan. An sayo su kusa da kowane daji tare da wuya, sannan a zuba ruwa a cikinsu. Wannan hanya ce mai dacewa ta shayarwa, tun da zafi a cikin greenhouse ya kasance a kan mafi kyawun matakin tumatir (45-65%), kuma baicin, ruwa baya fada cikin ganyayyaki.
15-20 days bayan dasa shuki seedlings fara sanya takin mai magani a cikin ƙasa: da 1 murabba'in mita. M ya isa 20-25 g superphosphate da 15-20 g na potassium sulfate. A nan gaba, lokacin da tsawon fruiting ya dace, ciyar sau ɗaya a kowane sati biyu (lita 10 na ruwa kai 16 g na suresfur da 16 g na magnesium sulfur).Don cimma kyakkyawan girbi daga daji daji, shine kwanaki 7-8 bayan saukowa a cikin greenhouse fara form a cikin tushe daya. An ba da abin cire cire duk steppes a kan kara (wanda a cikin sinuses na ganyayyaki).
Yana da mahimmanci kada su tsallake lokacin don fara aikin. Harshe ko da 'yan kwanaki na iya shafar girbi na gaba saboda sakamakon da ke da ƙarfi gefen harbe, wanda yawancin abubuwan gina jiki zasu karba kansu. A nan gaba, matakan da za'ayi kowane kwana 10.
Tumatir. (Hoto da aka yi amfani da shi ta hanyar lasisin daidaitacce © Ogorodnye-shpargalki.ru)
Kuna iya girma tumatir kuma a cikin 2 mai tushe (bar stepin a ƙarƙashin goga na farko), kuma a cikin 3 mai girma (bar ɗaya mafi girma).
Tsawon lokacin da zaku iya cire tumatir, dangane da iri-iri, lokacin saukowa, yanayi da yanayin namo. Bugu da kari, tumatir suna da digiri hudu na balaga: kore, kiwo, launin ruwan kasa (ko ruwan hoda) kuma cikakke. Sabili da haka, lokacin tsaftace 'ya'yan itace ya dogara da wane irin dalili za a yi amfani da kuma bayan lokaci.
Red tumatir da aka fara amfani da su don yanke salads, dafa abinci ruwan 'ya'yan itace, da sauransu don salting da iska, tumatir sun karye launin ruwan kasa. Ganye galibi suna tattara don ajiya na dogon lokaci (fiye da kwanaki 10).
Bayan kammala tarin 'ya'yan itatuwa, duk ƙarfe ko kayan katako na greenhouses da ƙasa suna kula da maganin jan karfe ko na ƙarfe (100 g da guga na ruwa). Polycarbonate da windows ana yin zane a hankali.