A ranar 18 ga Fabrairu, duk duniya za ta lura da saukowa da juriya a kan duniyar Mars. An shirya wannan juriya - "Juriya" a cikin fassarar da aka Rasha - zai sauka a kusan 23:55 lokacin Moscow a cikin yankin Crator Jereero. Idan saukowa yayi nasara, ƙungiyar NASA za ta bincika dukkan tsarin da kayan aikinta na watanni da yawa. Dalilin mazaunin "juriya" a duniyar Red Planet, wanda ya dace da shi sosai kuma, wataƙila, har ma ya dace da rayuwa, shine yin karatun watan Mars - Crorer Jeretero. Gaskiyar ita ce dabarun ilimin halitta na ƙasa suna warwatse ko'ina cikin maƙarƙashiya, da suka wuce a cikin duniyar da aka ruwa, gami da ragowar tafkin da kogin Delta. Nazarin abun da ke ciki yana cikin yankin da babu wani sararin samaniya - zai ba da kyakkyawar damar da za a iya amsa tambaya ta har abada game da duniyar Mars. Kwanan nan, a cikin mujallar yanayi, an buga cikakken yanayin tashin hankali yadda nasarar juriya ta juriya ta yi kama da.
A ina za a jure ƙasa?
Crator Jeretao - matsayi na musamman. Hex juriya zai iya bincika shi a matsayin robot na likitanci na ɗan adam. Idan komai ya tafi da kyau, to, a ƙarshen shekara ta farko ta Martian a farfajiya - kadan daga ƙasa za a gudanar da samfurori masu daraja, wanda zai sake saita shi Motian Land, inda sararin samaniya zai taba samun damar tattara su - wannan za a sami farkon ƙoƙarin dawo da duwatsun Martian a ƙasa.
Masu bincike sun yi imanin cewa biliyoyin shekaru da suka gabata, kogin ya fada cikin Jereter daga Yamma, ya bazu zuwa babban tafkin. Ganyayyaki masu launin taski sun fita sama da lokaci-kafa Delta. A saboda wannan dalili, daya daga cikin manufofin "Juriya" za ta kasance ne binciken kwayoyin halitta a cikin kogin Delta, wanda zai iya nuna ko wasu nau'ikan rayuwa sun bunkasa a wannan yankin.
A ƙasar Delta, kamar su Kogin Mississippi na Mississippi, dauke da babban adadin kayan kwayoyin da ba su da ragowar tsirrai da sauran abubuwa. Idan abu ɗaya ya faru a cikin Delta Jereteroo, to mercier yana iya gano ragowar kwayoyin halitta. Ka lura cewa a cikin watan Fabra da Fabrairu yanzu, ƙasashe uku - China, China ta isa ga jan duniya. Don ƙarin bayani game da manufa, na fada a cikin wannan labarin.
Kuna son koyaushe ku zama sane da sabon labari daga duniyar kimiyya da fasaha na kimiyya? Biyan kuɗi zuwa tashar Labaranmu a Telegram don kada ku rasa kowane ban sha'awa!
Wani wuri don bincika alamun rayuwar da ta gabata akan Mars yana tare da tsoffin tafkin. Musamman, "juriya" za ta yi nazarin rijiyoyin ARC da ke wucewa tare da Delta kuma a layi daya zuwa gefen dutsen. Abokan lura da sararin samaniya suna ɗauka cewa za a iya yin waɗannan nau'ikan carbonate ma'adanai, waɗanda ba su da wuya a duniyar Mars, amma sun zama ruwan dare a duniya. Carbonates, gami da dutsen dutsen, galibi suna da alaƙa da halittu masu rai, kamar su murƙushe na murƙushewa, kuma tare da burbushin da ke riƙe da kwayoyin da suka gabata, kamar ƙwayoyin cuta.
Mafi girman matsalar juriya bayan saukowa zai zama mai saurin yin aiki mai sauri na duk waɗannan wuraren manufa da tarin samfurin. Mataimaki 'yan kwararru sun kaskantar da shekara guda kawai ta MOTIAN (daidai da kusan shekaru biyu a duniya) don manufa "juriya." A saboda wannan dalili, masu bincike suna haɓaka hanyoyin da Rover ɗin zai iya zuwa jim kaɗan bayan saukowa. Kamar yadda kake gani, daga inda sararin samaniya zai zama, da yawa ya dogara.
Saukowa Marsohoda
A kan shafin yanar gizon hukuma na NASA, an ruwaito cewa Rover yana shirye don saukowa. Dangane da shirin, zuriya da saukowa za su fara lokacin da sararin samaniya ya kai ga manyan yadudduka na sararin samaniya, saurin ta zai zama kusan kilomita dubu 20 a sa'a 20. An shirya wannan parachute zai buɗe yayin raguwa, bayan haka murfin kariya ya rabu. Amma don rage saurin na'urar ya kamata sami injunan birki na dasa module.
A saukowa kanta, wanda masana hukumomin hukumomin ba su da bambanci da "minti bakwai na tsoro" zai zama gaba ɗaya m. Tunda yana ɗaukar mintuna fiye da minti 11 don karɓar siginar rediyo daga duniyar Mars, ba shi yiwuwa a sarrafa Rover daga ƙasa. A wannan lokacin, lokacin da tawagar gudanarwa tana karɓar siginar da "juriya" ta shiga yanayin, na'urar za ta riga ta kasance a farfajiya ta jan duniya.
Duba kuma: na'urar Sinawa "Tattean-1" ta yi sabon hoto na duniyar Mars
Hotunan farko na saman duniyar Mars, da aka yi amfani da kyamarorin jama'a, za a turawa zuwa ƙasa jim kadan bayan saukowa saukowa. Ka tuna cewa akwai kyamarori 23, biyu daga cikin makirufo da sauran na'urori da aka yi niyya don ɗaukar nau'ikan bincike daban-daban a kan lamarin juriya. A kan ci gaba, kera da kuma gwajin ɗakunan Marrode ya ci kimanin shekaru bakwai. Shin zaku kalli sararin samaniya na "Juriya" akan Mars?