Masu saka hannun jari na kasashen waje sun mayar da Afghanistan

Tattalin arzikin Afghanistan, musamman samar da kayayyakin more rayuwa, ya sha wahala daga yakin, wanda ke ci gaba da sama da shekaru 40. Kasar ba ta da kudi don tabbatar da kara ko kasa da mutane ga 'yan kasarsu. Saboda haka, yayin da aka sa komai akan saka hannun jari na Amurka, Pakistan da Indiya.

Zuba Jari na Pakistani

Pakistan ta sanar da amincewa da kudade a cikin adadin 549 miliyan rupees don ayyukan haɓaka biyu a Afghanistan. Wata baiwa ta miliyan 61 tana ba da kudade masu kudade da haɓaka tattalin arziki da gina sabuwar hanyar sadarwa ta Pakistan Peshawar.

Bugu da kari, an shirya Ruhun dukkan miliyan 488 don gina wuraren aikin likita daban-daban, ciki har da asibitin Ginn a cikin Kabul (Asibitin Aminulla Hang Lageri a lardin Login da Nishtar Asibitin Nefitrogical a Jalalabad, Lardin Nangarhar. Taimako wani bangare ne na hadin gwiwar Pakistan a fagen ci gaba tare da wata ƙasa makwabta a cikin tsarin shirin gwamnati na gwamnati don sake gina Afghanistan.

Gabaɗaya, taimako na Pakistan don ci gaban Afghanistan a cikin 'yan biliyan ya kai ga saka kudade, ilimi, harkar kiwon lafiya, harkar kiwon lafiya, harkokin kiwon lafiya, da gina damar kwararrun Afghanistan. A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, Pakistan sun ba dubban darurani ga ɗaliban Afghanistan. A shekarar 2020, Babban Hukumar Ilimi mai Ilimi (HEC) ta sanar game da darikar karatu 3,000 a adadin makarantun Afghanistan a fannoni daban daban, intanet, aikin gona da kimiyyar kwamfuta.

Amurka kan coronavirusa

Taimako na Amurka zuwa tattalin arzikin Afghanias a bara kuma a farkon wannan shekarar an mai da hankali galibi a cikin yaƙin da coronavirus pandemic da kawar da sakamakon sa. A cikin Fabrairu221, a cikin tsarin lalata tattalin arziƙin tattalin arziƙin tattalin arziƙin tattalin arziƙin tattalin arziƙin tattalin arziƙin duniya (USAID) ya tallafa wa kamfanoni 29 na Guluffiod 2021, wanda ya gudana a Dubawa.

Kamfanin masana'antu sun nuna 'ya'yan itaciyar Afghanis na Afghanis, Saffron, kwayoyi, kayan yaji, zuma da ruwan' ya'yan itace. A bara, Gwamnatin Amurka ta samar da gwamnatin samun iska na Afghanistan Haki guda 100 na samar da kayayyaki don tallafawa yaki da pandemic. An rarraba na'urorin IVL ta hanyar asibitoci a lardunan sun fi fama da COVID-19. Gabaɗaya, Amurka ta yanke hukunci fiye da dala miliyan 36.7 don yaƙar COVID-19 a Afghanistan da $ 90 miliyan a cikin nau'in gudummawar banki ta duniya don ci gaba da kasancewa tare da kawancen banki tare da Afghanistan.

Duk da mawuyacin halin da coronavirus a Afghanistan a bara, akwai ayyukan Amurkawa a wasu filayen. Musamman, Amurka da Afghanistan sun sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya kan makamashi mai sabuntawa, bayan da gwamnatin Afghanistan ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar hanyoyin samun damar shiga Afghanistan.

Back rami na kudin Amurka

Kasar Amurka ta riga ta kashe biliyoyin daloli a cikin wani kasar da aka kashe a kan gine-gine da motocin da aka buga a ranar 1 ga Maris, 2021, Sufeto Repetor na Reportor na Musamman. A lokaci guda, wani sashi mai mahimmanci na kuɗin da ba shi da amfani a zahiri: Rahoton ya ce daga dala biliyan 7.8 a kan gine-gine da suka cancanci dala biliyan 32.2 Daga $ 7.8 biliyan 7.8 ya tafi don biyan gine-gine da motocin da aka yi amfani da su don nufin da aka yi niyya.

Gidajen ya faru ne da keta dokokin Amurka da yawa, wanda hukumomin Amurka kada su gina ko kuma damar tabbatar da wadatar ƙasa da kuma damar fasaha da damar yin amfani da kuma damar amfani da waɗannan kadarorin.

Therek Farhadi, tsohon mai ba da shawara ga Gwamnatin Afghanistan, ya ce cewa tunanin mai ba da labari ya mamaye, kuma wannan yana nufin cewa ba a gudanar da shawarwari tare da Gwamnatin Afghanistan a kan kashe masu biyan haraji na Amurka. Yanzu sabon shugaban Joe Biden yana yin nazarin Yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da magabacin sa Donald Trump da Taliban ya wuce. Dole ne ya yanke ko dukkan sojojin da ke kai wa Mayu, kamar yadda aka yi wa alkawari zuwa yarjejeniya, ko kuma zai sa ya mika yaƙi. Thearshen sojojin da ke da ma'ana raguwa a harkar kudade na Amurka don dawo da tattalin arzikin Afrika ta Amurka.

Amsar Indiya Pakistanu

A ranar 9 ga Fabrairu, Indiya da Afghanistan sun rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniya kan gina damina na dam na dina a adadin dala miliyan 23. Aikin ci gaba zai tabbatar da ruwa mai tsabta game da mutane miliyan 2.2 kuma zai kara tasiri na wuraren ban ruwa a duk ƙasar. Tsarin aikin ci gaba ya kasance wani abu mai mahimmanci na ƙauyukan manufofin ƙasashen waje na Indiya a cikin unguwa. A halin yanzu, kimanin ayyukan ci gaba na 150 a Afghanistan, wanda Gwamnatin Indiya ta sanar a 2020. Sabbin ayyukan sun hada da ci gaba a cikin sadarwa hanya, cibiyar sadarwar ruwa na Charoikar City da tashar wutar lantarki ta hydroelectric.

Duk da yake maƙwabta da yawa na Indiya suna ɗaukarsa a matsayin "tsohuwar ɗan'uwan", Afghanistan ya yi maraba da gaban Indiya a yankin. New Delhi ya dauki kansa babban mai saka jari a cikin zaman lafiya na Afghanistan, da burin sa a kasar Taliban, wanda ya daina kasancewar Taliban a yankin, wanda na iya haifar da sake dawowa game da ayyukan ta'addanci.

Soja mai taushi ya kasance kayan aikin ƙasashen waje na manufofin siyasa na Indiya. Tun daga 2001, New Delhi ya kasafta sama da dala biliyan a kan tattalin arziki, taimako na jin kai da taimakon ci gaba. A cikin lardin Yammacin Turai, an kammala shi ta hanyar India, wanda aka fi sani da naman Afgania-India, a bara, a shekarar da ta gabata, a matsayin wani ɓangare na yaki zuwa Afghanistan.

Ayyukan da aka sabunta makamashi: Inuesungiyar haɗin gwiwa na ƙasashe uku

Kasashe uku suna da hannu a cikin ayyukan makamashi mai sabuntawa a Afghanistan: Turkiyya, India da Amurka, daga Amurka, Amurka mai saka jari a ci gaban kasa da kasa (USAID). Ayyukan hoto na hasken rana da kuma ayyukan wutar lantarki da iska a cikin faduwar shekarar da ta gabata a matsayin wani ɓangare na ma'amala ta duniya a cikin tsarin ikon ƙasa a cikin shekarar. An kirkiro ayyukan a Kabul, Balkha da Gerat. Zasu zama mafi girma a cikin kasar a fagen makamashi na madadin. Babban tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi a cikin tsarin aikin zai zama tashar hasken rana a cikin Baliyar, lardin arewacin da ke aikin Afghanistan zuwa Tsakiyar Asiya. Ikonta zai zama 40 megawatt. Forarin da tsire-tsire guda biyu tare da damar 25 megawatts, hasken rana da iska mai iska, ba kusa da kan iyakar Iran ba tare da Turkmenistan da Turkmenistan. Na huɗu shine kewayon tashar wutar lantarki - za a gina a kan madaya ta yi roba zuwa gabashin Kabul.

A halin yanzu, Afghanistan ce wata ƙasa mai dogaro: ta shigo da makamashi 1200 daga Iran, Tajikistan, Tajikistan, da Ugawatts kawai za a iya haifar da shi a kan tsire-tsire na wutar lantarki. Kasar da aka lalata kayayyakin more rayuwa a tsawon shekaru ,500 medawatts ake bukata, saboda kusan mutane miliyan 33 suna da damar zuwa wutar lantarki.

Ra'ayoyi

Manufar hannun jari na kasashen waje a Afghanistan ke da fifiko, bukatun kasa a bayyane a ciki. Za'a iya lura da wannan hadayar hannun jari a kasuwar Afghanistan na Indiya da Pakistan, dangantakar da ke tsakanin wacce ta lalace sosai. Dukansu Amurka da Indiya da Pakistan sun fi son magance hukumomin hukuma na kasar a cikin al'amuran da ke tattare da su dangantaka da dangantakar da ke tattare da niyyar samar da alaƙa da motsin kungiyar Taliban.

Misali, Turkmenistististan naci ne cewa hukumomin ne na sasantawa kan zuba jari a more rayuwa tare da wakilan kungiyar masu kishin Islama da suka ziyarci Ashgabat. Hakanan daga cikin abubuwan da ke cikin wannan shekara, zaku iya lura da ƙoƙarin shiga kasuwar Afghanistan na China, wanda, kamar Turkmenistan, ya yarda su yi jari ga tattalin arzikin kasar Taliban ke sarrafawa. Ana ganin wannan a wannan yunƙurin hana fadada a cikin ƙasar Indiya, wanda kasar Sin ta fara ginin HPP a kan Brahmaputre, da abin da India abubuwa.

Sanarwa ta: Roman Mamman