A makarantarmu ta yaran Faransa ta Poral ta Agro 21, da kuma duk ƙauyukanmu da ƙauyuka, sun dace.
Nan da nan yi ajiyar zuciya cewa muna da magoya bayan fasahar farashi, sabili da haka, lokacin da girma seedlings, muna ƙoƙari: A) yi ba tare da tsarin musamman da haske ba; b) Kewaya damar samun dama na yanayin data kasance, kar a ciyar da watannin bazara don rawa da tambourines a kan seedlings; c) koma zuwa seedlings na mutunci - ba azabtar da shi da maganarsu.
Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa har yanzu akwai wani bazuwar lokaci ne kawai a kan m, yayin da wani babba yawan lambu, da bege na wanda impatients, an riga an seeding daga Janairu, kuma ko da tun watan Disamba.
1. Da wuya sosai, amma da za a tantance tare da ayyukan da aka kashe, a wannan yanayin, ya fi kyau daga ƙarshen, kuma ba daga farkon ba, amma tare da sharuɗɗan seedling Seedlings.
A cikin layinmu na tsakiya, a matsayin mai mulkin, wanda ya danganta da abubuwan da ke faruwa a perennial, ya kamata a samo seedlings a cikin ƙasa bayan ƙarshen dawowar daskararre, shine ƙarshen Mayu - farkon Yuni.
A cikin greenhouses unheated, za a iya dasa seedlings wata daya a baya, wannan shine, ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon Mayu.
Idan ka kalli shawarwarin gargajiya don narkar da seedlings, a bayyane yake cewa dukkansu ba a ba da wannan su ba, ba a kan ci gaban seedlings, amma gaba daya ga ƙunshe wannan girman da ci gaba.
Da alama a farkon - Janairu, har ma da Disamba, sannan kuma a fara:
- Rage zafin jiki - don kada a cika shi;
- Yanke watering - don kada overgrown;
- yanke masu ciyarwa - don kada a cika shi;
- Farashin farashi sau da yawa - don ba overgrown ...
A sakamakon haka, muna samun seedlings a cikin hanyar yadda kuke na yadda kaka ta ce, "tarihi a cikin farfadowa", wanda ba tare da sake farfadowa a kwance ba, ba zai yiwu ya rayu ba.
2. Akwai dalilai guda biyu da suka ƙayyade lokacin da aka kashe don fara girma seedlings kuma wannan ba shine bincikenmu na fata ba.
Da farko, yana da tabbas rana, hasken rana.
A ranar 20 ga Maris, za mu sami Toliyafa mai bazara - rana tana fita daga kudancin kudu a cikinmu - arewa, zai tashi sama sama da sararin samaniya zai karu da ƙari, tsawon lokaci, tsawon lokacin da tsawon lokaci Ya fara cinye dare - ranar duhu.
Yana da tun daga wannan lokacin haskakawa ya isa ga ci gaban ci gaban tsirrai.
Abu na biyu, adadin kwantena don namo na seedlings - 0.5 lita kuma an gama shi gaba daya, bisa ga ci gaba da aka kare daga cikin ƙasa-ƙasa na tsire-tsire, bi da bi.
Idan ana amfani da karfin karfin, to sai a rage irin abun cikin seedlings a cikinsu.
Bugu da kari, yana da daraja tuna cewa ya fi tsayi shuka iri ɗaya kamar yadda muka kirkira, ta yanayin namu, matsanancin yanayi ..., da yawa ga dabbobinmu da kuka fi so ba da tabbacin ɗaukar kowane Kamuwa da cuta, kamar ƙafar baƙar fata kuma ba sa rayuwa zuwa ƙasa a cikin greenhouse ko a cikin ƙasa.
3. Me ya cancanci farawa? Tabbas, daga zabin iri-iri
Tare da duka girmamawa, da muhawara, kamar "kowane abu don haka matsi", idan kuna son samun amfanin gona, to, wannan ba a duk mahawara. Kuma ƙaunar nau'ikan marigayi a cikin yankinmu na tsakiya kawai yana hana samun manyan albarkatu masu inganci.
Kamar yadda al'adar ya nuna, don samun halaye masu mahimmanci a cikin nau'in nau'ikan, yana yiwuwa a zaɓi da yawa.
Kada ku yaudari kanku, rarrabe nau'in dandano tsakanin karen magoya baya, wanda muke duka, ba zai yiwu a yi nasara ba.
4. Tsaba: Jiƙa - Kada ka jiƙa, yi riffling - ba tortgate, tsiro - kar a shuka ba?
Tuni sau da yawa sau da yawa, kuma an shigo da shi koyaushe, ana sayar da tsaba.
A cikin irin wannan tsaba, tabbacin germination, saboda haka ba sa bukatar ƙarin ƙarin kayan samarwa.
Idan ba a sarrafa tsaba ba, to, tabbas nasasshen to tabbas ba zai ji rauni ba, alal misali, na mintina 10% na kowane magani daga layin cermus.
Kuma a cikin kwarewarmu, makarantarmu manoma na ƙungiyar Augro 21, babu shakka irin wannan tsaba ba kawai don bi da abin ƙyama ba, jiƙa, amma har ma ya shuka.
Lokacin da germination, ya zama bayyananne - menene zuriyar labaru, kuma waɗanda ba su bane.
Haka kuma, a ƙarƙashin yanayin mafi kyau, al'ada, tsaba mai girma ya shuka a cikin kwanaki 2-3, amma an tsiro shi da jinkiri - wannan shine dama mai inganci - akwai mafi kyawun girma don girma.
5. A ina ne ake shuka iri.
Yanzu babban zaɓi na tankunan tankuna na musamman na filastik na filastik kuma sanya daga kayan kwayoyin halitta.
Yawan adadin lita 0.5, irin wannan tankuna a yanzu a cikin wadatarwa, zaku iya saya, kuma zaku iya siye daga cikin hunturu daga ƙarƙashin kiwo da sauran samfuran.
Tabbas, duk zaɓuɓɓukan da aka zaɓuɓɓuka (kamar sel kwai ko goro mai ƙyalli, an iya amfani da talaucin rigar pvC, amma ba za a iya amfani da katantan adanoni ba, amma ba za a buƙaci katantan adanoni da lokacin aikinsu ba.
Mafi kyawun bambance-bambancen ƙasa na seedlings ne substrate.
Zaɓin mafi sauki shine cakuda yashi 20-30% da peat, bi da bi 80-70%.
Substrate ya rasa iska da kyau, da kuma mafi mahimmanci danshi, ko da kuma ƙasa mai gina jiki, har ma da cututtukan abinci mai gina jiki ga wanda daidai yake da hankali sosai.
6. Wataƙila, ya cancanci haskaka irin wannan yarjejeniya ta al'ada a matsayin albasa mai haɗari daga tsaba, seleri, pores.
Tunda tushen tushensu yana tasowa sannu a hankali, ƙaramin ƙarfin 150-200 ml don shuka seedlings, waxanda suke da filastik da kwayoyin halitta, don sauƙin amfani da su ana amfani da su.
Amma don narkar da seedlings na waɗannan al'adun, yana da ma isasshen kwanaki 45 daga bayyanar ƙwayoyin cuta, yayin da ba mantawa da cewa suna iya wuce kwanaki 5-10 kafin bayyanar ƙwayoyin cuta.
7. A matsayina ya nuna, tsari na gargajiya (sow - mu ruwa - suttura, sake ruwa, kuma kwance-kashe aiki don tsiro na tsiro.
Da farko, mun zuba da kyau, sannan sanya tsaba mai yawa, to, mun yayyafa Layer da ake so, a saman babba, harbe-harbe ya kamata ya rufe tanki tare da fim, kuma yana da Zai fi kyau a saka shi a kowane lokaci, ba lallai ba ne kunshin PVC mai gaskiya.
Ga tsaba mai tsafta, ba m mootening na ƙasa, da kuma matsakaicin zafi na iska yana da mahimmanci kuma mafi yawan yanayi na iska, yana da matsakaicin zafi kuma an samar da irin wannan yanayin lokacin sanya seedlings a cikin pvc fakiti.
Bayan harbe farko suna bayyana - kusa da taga kuma zai fi dacewa a yi wanka sosai.
8. Pate da takin zamani.
Zaɓin samar da ruwa mafi kyau shine sanya ƙarfin tare da seedl na fillet kuma ƙara ruwa zuwa pallet, kuma ba ruwa daga sama.
Tare da wannan zaɓi, babu looseningsings da ake bukata kuma ana kiyaye yanayin danshi-iska mai kyau a cikin substrate.
Kar ka manta cewa mafi kyawun zazzabi don ci gaban melon seedlings, tumatir, eggplants + 23, 23 da digiri, 23, saboda dole ne a ɗaga shi da ci gaba da ci gaba .
Kafin shuka, domin cika substrate tare da abubuwan gina jiki, yana da matukar ban mamaki don aiwatar da watering watering colirus Super.
Kuma bayan bayyanar ganye, karamin spraying na seedlings na 1% bayani na miyagun ƙwayoyi Farin-sau uku ne da za'ayi sau biyu a mako.
A cikin kwarewarmu, mafi kyawun sakamako ba sa bayar da daban, amma hadaddun da kuma samar da takin mai magani a cikin ƙasa da ganye mai ganye, musamman a hade tare da kewayon abubuwan ganowa.
9. A mataki na ƙarshe na girma seedlings - 10-15 days, idan za ta yiwu, yana da amfani sosai don yin seedlings a kan titi don dacewa.
A farko kwanaki 2-3 a hadari weather ko a cikin rabin yini, kuma daga baya a karkashin dama rãnã, amma a wani wuri windless tare da m iko a kan danshi abun ciki na substrate. Idan tankuna tare da seedle zai kasance a cikin pallet da ruwa, to danshi yana da kyau.
Kamar yadda ka sani, dankali da aka shuka ya ɗauka na dogon lokaci - wata daya, kuma idan yanayin bai yi aiki ba, to, biyu. Wato, a duk wannan lokacin, tubers a cikin ƙasa shawo kan kowane irin sanyi, rigar, kwari ba su da ikon yin tsayayya, saboda haske ba shi da damar zuwa rana, ga haske.
Kamar kayan lambu, tubaye tubers 10% baka super da shuka tukwane mai girma 1 lita-ye cakuda.
Hakanan, tukunya ya fi kyau a cikin pallet tare da karamin Layer na ruwa. Kuma kafin bayyanar dankali, zafi kawai a + 18-20 digiri ya isa.
Tun lokacin da aka shirya dankali a ƙarshenmu na tsakiya a matsayin mai mulkinmu a cikin hutu da kuma, amma riga girma, da aka shuka seedlings, dasa a cikin tukunya a ƙarshen Maris. Kuma maganin ganye sau biyu a mako a cikin ganye na dankali 1% na ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta suka ƙarfafa.
Tun lokacin da aka dawo da wadatattun hanyoyin har yanzu suna yiwuwa a watan Mayu, ba zai zama superfluous don kiyaye kayan incki ba tare da ƙididdigar da yawa 60.
Wani zai ce - tukunya a kan duk dankali ba a farmaki! Kuma ba lallai ba ne ga duka, akwai isasshen 10-20 bushes tare da matasa, kuma lafiya har ma da farkon dankali, kuma lafiya har ma da wasu nau'ikan dankali, tun da farko ya tsaya wata daya kafin lokacin da aka gudanar a al'adun gargajiya.
Gabaɗaya, babban abu bai manta da cewa aikinmu ba zai rage ci gaban seedlings ba, amma ta kowane yanayi mai yiwuwa don bayar da gudummawa.
(Mawallafin: Sergey Galkin).